1349 + Mcqs in Psychology Page 6 McqOptions

251.	Social psychology is the scientific study of how people___________________________, ___________________________, and ___________________________ one another.
A.	understand, feel about, act toward
B.	perceive, think about, act toward
C.	think about, influence, relate to
D.	observe, influence, conflict with
Answer» D. observe, influence, conflict with

Discussion

252.	What is the ‘ecological fallacy’?
A.	interpreting an individual-level finding as if it were at the ecological-level
B.	interpreting an ecological-level finding as if it were at the individual level
C.	failing to look after the environment
D.	disbelief in global warming
Answer» C. failing to look after the environment

Discussion

253.	Many findings suggest that intergroup contact improves attitudes among the people actually involved, but it does not generalise to the groups from which they were drawn. This islikely to follow from the fact that:
A.	participants are affected by the acquiescent response bias
B.	most intergroup contact is actually interpersonal contact
C.	questionnaire measures are mostly used in this research
D.	an insufficient number of cross-cultural studies have been carried out
Answer» C. questionnaire measures are mostly used in this research

Discussion

254.	According to social identity theory, which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to improve relations between socialgroups in an intergroup contact situation?
A.	providing information about similarities between groups
B.	providing information about differences between groups
C.	acknowledging particpants’ group memberships
D.	recategorising participants into a common group
Answer» B. providing information about differences between groups

Discussion

255.	Which stereotype-participant combination is likely to result inthe weakest rebound effect?
A.	skinheads stereotype; high prejudice participant
B.	gay stereotype; low prejudice participant
C.	skinheads stereotype; low prejudice participant
D.	gay stereotype; high prejudice participant
Answer» C. skinheads stereotype; low prejudice participant

Discussion

256.	Being in a good mood does not reduce our_______, but reducesour________.
A.	motivation to do hard cognitive work, incentive for doing hard cognitive work
B.	incentive to do hard cognitive work, motivation for doing hard cognitive work
C.	motivation to do hard cognitive work, capacity for doing hard cognitive work
D.	capacity to do hard cognitive work, motivation for doing hard cognitive work
Answer» E.

Discussion

257.	Prejudice is:
A.	the affective component of an attitude
B.	a genetically-controlled emotional response to people
C.	a belief usually acquired by contact with the attitude object
D.	a pre-judgement based on a persons’ group membership
Answer» E.

Discussion

258.	Which of the conditions below is MOST likely to producestereotype change following the bookkeeping model?
A.	disconfirming information is concentrated on a few atypical group members
B.	disconfirming information is concentrated on a few typical group members
C.	disconfirming information is dispersed across many typical group members
D.	the stereotype is dramatically disconfirmed
Answer» D. the stereotype is dramatically disconfirmed

Discussion

259.	A cognitive miser is a person who:
A.	hoards good ideas that should be shared with others
B.	gives little time to thinking about personal matters
C.	is good at disguising thoughts from other people
D.	uses little effort in making judgments about other people
Answer» E.

Discussion

260.	Self-categorisation theory suggests that social categorysalience is a function of:
A.	fit x perceiver readiness
B.	perceiver readiness x accessibility
C.	identification x normative fit
D.	identification x comparative fit
Answer» B. perceiver readiness x accessibility

Discussion

261.	At what age do children reach an understanding of pride?
A.	3-4
B.	5-6
C.	7-9
D.	10-12
Answer» D. 10-12

Discussion

262.	Below are three strongly-held views over which source condition (minority or majority) elicits the highest cognitive scrutiny of a message. But which one have studies shown to becorrect?
A.	"superior message processing is associated with a minority."
B.	"superior message processing is associated with a majority."
C.	"both a majority and minority can lead to superior message processing under different conditions."
D.	none of these
Answer» D. none of these

Discussion

263.	In Gottman and Levenson’s study of married couples’ socialinteractions, what was the strongest predictor of divorce?
A.	criticism
B.	contempt
C.	anger
D.	infidelity
Answer» C. anger

Discussion

264.	According to Moscovici (1976, 1980), what process ofinfluence do minorities induce?
A.	validation
B.	conversion
C.	compliance
D.	comparison
Answer» B. conversion

Discussion

265.	Which of these statements about conformity is correct?
A.	the more members of the majority there are, the more dramatically conformity increases
B.	genuine social support has a stronger influence over conformity than does broken unanimity
C.	group size has a greater impact on conformity than any other moderator of group influence
D.	people in western cultures find greater acceptance of others\ judgements than those in eastern cultures
Answer» C. group size has a greater impact on conformity than any other moderator of group influence

Discussion

266.	You decide to train for a marathon, and for a month you force yourself to get up at 6am every day to go running. At the end ofthe month, you notice that you have also been more successful recently at resisting the temptation to eat junk food. How would the strength model explain this:
A.	succeeding at a goal has increased your self-efficacy
B.	practicing self-control has increased your self-control resources
C.	forming a goal has increased your motivation to overcome obstacles
D.	similar goals facilitate each other
Answer» C. forming a goal has increased your motivation to overcome obstacles

Discussion

267.	Which of the following would suggest that a person has lowimplicit self-esteem?
A.	they associate positive words more quickly than negative words with the self
B.	they associate negative words more quickly with the self than with others
C.	they show a greater than average liking for letters that are in their name
D.	they show a cautious style of self-presentation
Answer» C. they show a greater than average liking for letters that are in their name

Discussion

268.	According to Ajzen and Fishbein (1977), measures of attitude and behavior need to correspond in four key ways. But which ofthe following is NOT one of these?
A.	action
B.	content
C.	target
D.	time
Answer» C. target

Discussion

269.	Completing a task which requires self-control may make it:
A.	easier to self-regulate on a following task
B.	harder to self-regulate on a following task
C.	impossible to self-regulate on a following task
D.	neither easier nor harder to self-regulate on a following task
Answer» C. impossible to self-regulate on a following task

Discussion

270.	Why is it generally felt that members of some societies mightdevelop a stronger preference for dispositional explanations?
A.	many western societies are characterized by a culture of individualism, and this makes people lean more towards understanding the actor than the situation
B.	many western societies are characterized by a culture of collectivism, and this makes people lean more towards understanding the situation than the actor
C.	many non-western societies are characterized by a culture of individualism, and this makes people lean more towards understanding the actor than the situation
D.	many non-western societies are characterized by a culture of collectivism, and this makes people lean more towards understanding the situation than the actor
Answer» B. many western societies are characterized by a culture of collectivism, and this makes people lean more towards understanding the situation than the actor

Discussion

271.	In Heider’s (1948) balance theory, which of the following wouldrepresent an unbalanced triad?
A.	agreeing with someone you like
B.	agreeing with someone you dislike
C.	disagreeing with someone you dislike
D.	agreeing with a friend of a friend
Answer» C. disagreeing with someone you dislike

Discussion

272.	The Prisoners' Dilemma is an example of:
A.	free riding
B.	a social dilemma
C.	a solution to a social dilemma
D.	the opposite of a social dilemma
Answer» C. a solution to a social dilemma

Discussion

273.	What has, according to an eminent social psychologist, been‘treated like a rude bastard relative at a family gathering’?
A.	downward comparison
B.	impression management
C.	civility
D.	stereotyping
Answer» C. civility

Discussion

274.	The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes. Which of the following is anexample?
A.	civil rights legislation
B.	capital punishment
C.	traffic laws
D.	prohibition
Answer» B. capital punishment

Discussion

275.	Which of the following is not conductive to aggression?
A.	pain
B.	heat
C.	cool temperatures
D.	crowding
Answer» D. crowding

Discussion

276.	The result of bribing people to do what they already enjoy doing is the
A.	self-monitoring effect.
B.	overjustification effect.
C.	self-presentation effect.
D.	underjustification effect.
Answer» C. self-presentation effect.

Discussion

277.	When the Titanic sank, ________ percent of the females and _______ percent of themales survived.
A.	60, 25
B.	80, 40
C.	70, 20
D.	65, 45
Answer» D. 65, 45

Discussion

278.	In a national survey, what percentage of women reported having been forced by a man todo something sexually?
A.	15
B.	22
C.	29
D.	37
Answer» C. 29

Discussion

279.	Which of the following is true of findings on the catharsis hypothesis?
A.	Catharsis always occurs.
B.	The calming effect of retaliation seems to occur only in very specific circumstances.
C.	The catharsis hypothesis has been well-support
Answer» C. The catharsis hypothesis has been well-support

Discussion

280.	An experiment would have experimental realism if it
A.	absorbs and involves its participants.
B.	is carried out in the field.
C.	was similar to everyday situations.
D.	none
Answer» B. is carried out in the field.

Discussion

281.	The blocking of goal-directed behavior is
A.	frustration.
B.	displacement.
C.	disarticulation.
D.	aggravation.
Answer» B. displacement.

Discussion

282.	According to the text, a strategy for gaining a concession is the
A.	overjustification technique.
B.	underjustification technique.
C.	transparency technique.
D.	door-in-the-face technique.
Answer» E.

Discussion

283.	According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes
A.	when attitudes are strong and consistent.
B.	only in the area of legislation.
C.	in self-monitoring people.
D.	when attitudes are weak and ambiguous.
Answer» E.

Discussion

284.	Which technique should be taught to children to promote enduring altruistictendencies?
A.	Offer prizes for the ones that are most helpful during a certain time frame.
B.	Show them Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.
C.	Immediately punish any aggression.
D.	Instill a sense of guilt.
Answer» C. Immediately punish any aggression.

Discussion

285.	A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the
A.	bogus technique.
B.	low-ball technique.
C.	self-monitoring technique.
D.	justification technique.
Answer» C. self-monitoring technique.

Discussion

286.	Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone is
A.	aggression.
B.	instrumental aggression.
C.	violence.
D.	hostility.
Answer» B. instrumental aggression.

Discussion

287.	The degree of attraction among group members relates to the dimension of
A.	compatibility.
B.	structure.
C.	cohesiveness.
D.	conformity.
Answer» D. conformity.

Discussion

288.	Conformity that results from accepting evidence about reality provided by others is
A.	informational influence.
B.	nominal influence.
C.	direct influence.
D.	normative influence.
Answer» B. nominal influence.

Discussion

289.	Aggression driven by anger and performed as an end in itself is
A.	instrumental aggression.
B.	hostile aggression.
C.	emotional aggression.
D.	belligerent aggression.
Answer» C. emotional aggression.

Discussion

290.	In Asch's study of conformity involving the length of lines, naïve participants conformed___ of the time
A.	20 percent
B.	47 percent
C.	37 percent
D.	61 percent
Answer» D. 61 percent

Discussion

291.	Milly comes from a Black family, has two brothers, and was born in New York. Oneparent is a teacher and the other is a postman. If you asked Milly to tell us about herself, she would most likely say she
A.	has two brothers.
B.	comes from a Black family.
C.	born in New York.
D.	one parent is a teacher.
Answer» C. born in New York.

Discussion

292.	In Latane and Darley's research involving staging an epileptic seizure, _________percent of those who thought they were alone and ________ percent of those who thought there were others left the room to seek aid.
A.	66, 24
B.	76, 42
C.	85, 31
D.	90, 54
Answer» D. 90, 54

Discussion

293.	The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the
A.	evolutionary altruism.
B.	kin selection.
C.	the close relatives effect.
D.	the mutually shared genes effect.
Answer» C. the close relatives effect.

Discussion

294.	The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration is
A.	disarticulation.
B.	the redirection effect.
C.	displacement.
D.	the frustration-aggression effect.
Answer» D. the frustration-aggression effect.

Discussion

295.	The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when externalrewards are lacking is
A.	cognitive dissonance effect.
B.	insufficient justification effect.
C.	psychological reactance effect.
D.	self-monitoring effect.
Answer» C. psychological reactance effect.

Discussion

296.	A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is
A.	dissonance.
B.	pride.
C.	self-worth.
D.	reactance.
Answer» E.

Discussion

297.	The perception that one is less well off than others to whom one compares oneself is
A.	the social comparison effect.
B.	relative deprivation.
C.	the adaptation-level effect.
D.	relative displacement.
Answer» C. the adaptation-level effect.

Discussion

298.	Zimbardo interpreted the results of his simulated prison study as an indication of the
A.	powerful influence of roles on people.
B.	tendency to show compassion to people in need.
C.	weakness of social pressure in some situations.
D.	tendency to displace aggression.
Answer» B. tendency to show compassion to people in need.

Discussion

299.	The text states that social psychology
A.	is the most important perspective in viewing and understanding ourselves.
B.	is one important perspective from which we can view and understand ourselves.
C.	is the real explanation that lets us understand and view ourselves.
D.	is an inclusive perspective from which we can view and understand ourselves.
Answer» C. is the real explanation that lets us understand and view ourselves.

Discussion

300.	Social psychology _______________________ than personality psychology.
A.	has more famous theorists
B.	focuses on the differences between individuals more
C.	has a shorter history
D.	focuses on the private internal functioning between individuals more
Answer» D. focuses on the private internal functioning between individuals more

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in 12th.

Social psychology is the scientific study of how people___________________________, ___________________________, and ___________________________ one another.

What is the ‘ecological fallacy’?

Many findings suggest that intergroup contact improves attitudes among the people actually involved, but it does not generalise to the groups from which they were drawn. This islikely to follow from the fact that:

According to social identity theory, which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to improve relations between socialgroups in an intergroup contact situation?

Which stereotype-participant combination is likely to result inthe weakest rebound effect?

Being in a good mood does not reduce our_______, but reducesour________.

Prejudice is:

Which of the conditions below is MOST likely to producestereotype change following the bookkeeping model?

A cognitive miser is a person who:

Self-categorisation theory suggests that social categorysalience is a function of:

At what age do children reach an understanding of pride?

Below are three strongly-held views over which source condition (minority or majority) elicits the highest cognitive scrutiny of a message. But which one have studies shown to becorrect?

In Gottman and Levenson’s study of married couples’ socialinteractions, what was the strongest predictor of divorce?

According to Moscovici (1976, 1980), what process ofinfluence do minorities induce?

Which of these statements about conformity is correct?

You decide to train for a marathon, and for a month you force yourself to get up at 6am every day to go running. At the end ofthe month, you notice that you have also been more successful recently at resisting the temptation to eat junk food. How would the strength model explain this:

Which of the following would suggest that a person has lowimplicit self-esteem?

According to Ajzen and Fishbein (1977), measures of attitude and behavior need to correspond in four key ways. But which ofthe following is NOT one of these?

Completing a task which requires self-control may make it:

Why is it generally felt that members of some societies mightdevelop a stronger preference for dispositional explanations?

In Heider’s (1948) balance theory, which of the following wouldrepresent an unbalanced triad?

The Prisoners' Dilemma is an example of:

What has, according to an eminent social psychologist, been‘treated like a rude bastard relative at a family gathering’?

The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes. Which of the following is anexample?

Which of the following is not conductive to aggression?

The result of bribing people to do what they already enjoy doing is the

When the Titanic sank, ________ percent of the females and _______ percent of themales survived.

In a national survey, what percentage of women reported having been forced by a man todo something sexually?

Which of the following is true of findings on the catharsis hypothesis?

An experiment would have experimental realism if it

The blocking of goal-directed behavior is

According to the text, a strategy for gaining a concession is the

According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes

Which technique should be taught to children to promote enduring altruistictendencies?

A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the

Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone is

The degree of attraction among group members relates to the dimension of

Conformity that results from accepting evidence about reality provided by others is

Aggression driven by anger and performed as an end in itself is

In Asch's study of conformity involving the length of lines, naïve participants conformed___ of the time

Milly comes from a Black family, has two brothers, and was born in New York. Oneparent is a teacher and the other is a postman. If you asked Milly to tell us about herself, she would most likely say she

In Latane and Darley's research involving staging an epileptic seizure, _________percent of those who thought they were alone and ________ percent of those who thought there were others left the room to seek aid.

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the

The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration is

The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when externalrewards are lacking is

A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is

The perception that one is less well off than others to whom one compares oneself is

Zimbardo interpreted the results of his simulated prison study as an indication of the

The text states that social psychology

Social psychology _______________________ than personality psychology.

Social psychology is the scientific study of how people_____________, _, and _______________ one another.

Being in a good mood does not reduce our_, but reducesour__.

When the Titanic sank, __ percent of the females and _ percent of themales survived.

In Latane and Darley's research involving staging an epileptic seizure, _percent of those who thought they were alone and percent of those who thought there were others left the room to seek aid.