1349 + Mcqs in Psychology Page 4 McqOptions

151.	Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, or suspicion is a definition of
A.	prejudice
B.	authoritarianism
C.	discrimination
D.	displaced aggression
Answer» B. authoritarianism

Discussion

152.	Interpersonal attraction is encouraged by which one of the following?
A.	personal space
B.	proxemics
C.	competition
D.	similarity
Answer» E.

Discussion

153.	The fact that physically attractive people also tend to be rated more highly on traits suchas intelligence and honesty is an example of
A.	social magnetism
B.	role modeling
C.	social comparisons
D.	the halo effect
Answer» E.

Discussion

154.	When a person with little or no authority makes a direct request to another person, thesituation involves
A.	compliance
B.	obedience
C.	coercion
D.	conformity
Answer» B. obedience

Discussion

155.	In general, helping behavior in emergency situations is discouraged by
A.	the presence of a large number of persons
B.	low costs associated with helping
C.	smaller social distance between the helper and the victim
D.	fear of cognitive dissonance
Answer» B. low costs associated with helping

Discussion

156.	A learned disposition to respond to people, objects, or institutions in a positive ornegative way defines
A.	cognitive dissonance
B.	socialization
C.	attitudes
D.	stereotypes
Answer» D. stereotypes

Discussion

157.	Social traps can be dismantled by changing
A.	rewards and costs
B.	supply and demand
C.	compliance and assertiveness
D.	the tendency toward groupthink
Answer» B. supply and demand

Discussion

158.	Someone asks you to bring dip to a party and you agree. Later the person asks you toalso bring popcorn, chips, and sodas. The person has used which compliance strategy?
A.	the low-ball technique
B.	the over-commitment strategy
C.	the whole-part technique
D.	the passive obedience method
Answer» B. the over-commitment strategy

Discussion

159.	The study of unspoken rules for the use of interpersonal space is called
A.	kinesics
B.	psychoecology
C.	proxemics
D.	territoriality
Answer» D. territoriality

Discussion

160.	People's invisible "spatial envelope" defines their __________, and extends "I" or "me"boundaries past the skin
A.	spatial role
B.	personal space
C.	ego location
D.	proximal location
Answer» C. ego location

Discussion

161.	If everyone leaves five minutes before the game is over to avoid a traffic jam, theresulting traffic jam would be an example of
A.	social impregnation
B.	a social trap
C.	groupthink
D.	self-handicapping
Answer» C. groupthink

Discussion

162.	Subjects in Milgram's experiment who gave large shocks rationalized that they were NOT personally responsible for their actions. This raises questions about our willingnessto commit inhumane acts as a result of
A.	coercive power
B.	obedience to a legitimate authority
C.	expert power
D.	conformity to group pressure
Answer» C. expert power

Discussion

163.	__________ attachment style is marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, andemotional turmoil
A.	mutual
B.	secure
C.	avoidant
D.	ambivalent
Answer» E.

Discussion

164.	Which theory holds that a relationship must be profitable to endure?
A.	complementary need theory
B.	social exchange theory
C.	gain-loss theory
D.	social comparison theory
Answer» C. gain-loss theory

Discussion

165.	For most American adults, an invisible spatial envelope defining their most intimatespace
A.	extends four feet from their body
B.	extends an "arm\s reach" from their body
C.	is reserved for comfortable interactions with friends
D.	extends about 18 inches out from their body
Answer» E.

Discussion

166.	Solomon Asch's classic experiment (in which subjects judged a standard line andcomparison lines) was arranged to test the limits of
A.	social perception
B.	indoctrination
C.	coercive power
D.	conformity
Answer» E.

Discussion

167.	The person who agrees to a small request initially is more likely later to comply with alarger demand. This describes the
A.	door-in-the-face-effect
B.	foot-in-the-door effect
C.	low-ball technique
D.	high-ball technique
Answer» C. low-ball technique

Discussion

168.	When subjects in Milgram's obedience experiments received their orders over the phone,they
A.	conformed more completely due to the formality of the telephoned instructions
B.	completely refused to participate
C.	were only slightly more obedient than they were in face-to-face conditions
D.	were far less obedient
Answer» E.

Discussion

169.	You are walking into a store when a man rudely cuts in front of you, almost shoving you, so that he may enter the store first. "What a jerk!" you think to yourself. As you enter thestore, you see the same man performing an emergency tracheotomy on a women with a collapsed windpipe. You have just
A.	discounted a person\s actions due to situational demands
B.	self-handicapped
C.	overemphasized the object in this action sequence
D.	made the fundamental attribution error
Answer» E.

Discussion

170.	During research in a simulated prison situation
A.	three prisoners were so severely beaten they had to be hospitalized
B.	guards did not take their roles seriously
C.	prisoners quickly became passive and dehumanized
D.	the prisoners and the guards quickly became friendly towards one another
Answer» D. the prisoners and the guards quickly became friendly towards one another

Discussion

171.	During the Stanford Prison study,
A.	guards did not take their roles seriously
B.	guards readily assumed their roles as agents of force
C.	the prisoners and the guards quickly became friendly towards one another
D.	three prisoners were so severely beaten they had to be hospitalized
Answer» C. the prisoners and the guards quickly became friendly towards one another

Discussion

172.	__________ is best known for his research on conformity
A.	asch
B.	rubin
C.	schachter
D.	zimbardo
Answer» B. rubin

Discussion

173.	Studies of conformity indicate that people are more apt to beinfluenced by others if they
A.	are concerned about the approval of others.
B.	have low needs for certainty and structure.
C.	are in temporary rather than established groups.
D.	are in very large groups.
Answer» B. have low needs for certainty and structure.

Discussion

174.	An ongoing pattern of life including such things as language,customs and sex roles is called
A.	conformity.
B.	norms.
C.	group cohesion.
D.	culture.
Answer» E.

Discussion

175.	Karen smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. However, she is aware that smoking is harmful to her health; therefore, she holds two conflicting or dissonant thoughts. If Karen were to reduce her cognitive dissonance by changing her attitude, she might say to herself,
A.	"smoking really isn\t that dangerous."
B.	"smoking is a habit that i have little control over."
C.	"i think that i\ll try to give up smoking."
D.	"i\ll only smoke when i feel stressed out."
Answer» B. "smoking is a habit that i have little control over."

Discussion

176.	How individuals are affected by the presence of others is thefocus of study in the field of
A.	sociology.
B.	social psychology.
C.	experimental psychology.
D.	sociobiology
Answer» C. experimental psychology.

Discussion

177.	Comparing yourself with a person who ranks lower than youis referred to as
A.	social comparison.
B.	downward comparison.
C.	upward comparison.
D.	physical proximity.
Answer» C. upward comparison.

Discussion

178.	The demonstration by Jane Elliot with blue-eyed and browneyed children suggests that an effective way to generateconditions of prejudice is to
A.	require persons to compete for scarce resources.
B.	physically isolate two groups from each other.
C.	produce inequalities in power, prestige, or privileges of group members.
D.	demand that members of two groups cooperate to achieve a common goal.
Answer» D. demand that members of two groups cooperate to achieve a common goal.

Discussion

179.	Expected behavior patterns associated with particular socialpositions are called
A.	roles.
B.	culture.
C.	stereotypes.
D.	mannerisms.
Answer» B. culture.

Discussion

180.	People who think their ethnic, national, or religious group issuperior to others are called
A.	authoritarian.
B.	dogmatic.
C.	ethnocentric.
D.	rigid.
Answer» B. dogmatic.

Discussion

181.	When making the "attribution error," we tend to overestimatethe importance of __________ in judging the behavior of others.
A.	personal factors
B.	situational factors
C.	intelligence
D.	motivation
Answer» D. motivation

Discussion

182.	In an experiment in which a "student" simulated a seizure,helping was inhibited by
A.	conditions employing smaller groups.
B.	diffusion of responsibility.
C.	group discussion.
D.	reference cognitive dissonance.
Answer» D. reference cognitive dissonance.

Discussion

183.	Sharing your own private thoughts and feelings is called
A.	self-talk.
B.	autonomy.
C.	self-disclosure.
D.	introspection.
Answer» C. self-disclosure.

Discussion

184.	Discrimination refers to behaviors that
A.	allow us to tell one ethnic group from another.
B.	occur when members of a racial group threaten an individual\s security.
C.	prevent individuals from doing things they should be able to do.
D.	are directed toward a particular group.
Answer» E.

Discussion

185.	Cognitive dissonance theory is based on the human need for
A.	self-actualization.
B.	gain-loss.
C.	cognitive dissonance.
D.	consistency.
Answer» C. cognitive dissonance.

Discussion

186.	Alcohol
A.	is a direct cause of aggression.
B.	lowers the threshold for aggression.
C.	causes relaxation and raises the threshold for aggression.
D.	induces hypoglycemia and frustration.
Answer» D. induces hypoglycemia and frustration.

Discussion

187.	The judge who is caught cheating on his income tax is likelyexperiencing
A.	role diffusion.
B.	attribution failure.
C.	role conflict.
D.	attribution error.
Answer» D. attribution error.

Discussion

188.	People's attitudes about women and rape primarily come from
A.	sexual images in x-rated books.
B.	sexual images in x-rated movies.
C.	violent images in mainstream movies and magazines.
D.	sexual images in mainstream movies and magazines.
Answer» D. sexual images in mainstream movies and magazines.

Discussion

189.	Desensitization is
A.	the imitation of an undesired response.
B.	the removal of an inhibition.
C.	reduction of emotional sensitivity.
D.	an increase in emotional sympathy.
Answer» E.

Discussion

190.	Interpersonal attraction is encouraged by which one of thefollowing?
A.	personal space
B.	proxemics
C.	competition
D.	similarity
Answer» D. similarity

Discussion

191.	When you have "clashing thoughts," you are experiencing
A.	conformity pressure.
B.	obedience pressure.
C.	cognitive dissonance.
D.	open-ended role conflict.
Answer» E.

Discussion

192.	During his rise to power, Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany'seconomic woes. This is an example of
A.	personal discrimination.
B.	social stereotypes.
C.	symbolic prejudice.
D.	scapegoating.
Answer» B. social stereotypes.

Discussion

193.	In general, helping behavior in emergency situations isdiscouraged by
A.	the presence of a large number of persons.
B.	low costs associated with helping.
C.	smaller social distance between the helper and the victim.
D.	fear of cognitive dissonance.
Answer» D. fear of cognitive dissonance.

Discussion

194.	Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, orsuspicion is a definition of
A.	prejudice.
B.	authoritarianism.
C.	discrimination.
D.	displaced aggression.
Answer» E.

Discussion

195.	Those roles which one attains voluntarily are called
A.	ascribed roles.
B.	achieved roles.
C.	positions.
D.	social selves.
Answer» C. positions.

Discussion

196.	The organization of roles, patterns of communication, andpower in a group defines the group's
A.	status.
B.	structure.
C.	cohesiveness.
D.	norms.
Answer» E.

Discussion

197.	A learned disposition to respond to people, objects, orinstitutions in a positive or negative way defines
A.	cognitive dissonance.
B.	socialization.
C.	attitudes.
D.	stereotypes.
Answer» C. attitudes.

Discussion

198.	Physical proximity increases attraction because it
A.	increases frequency of contact.
B.	enhances social comparisons.
C.	establishes common norms.
D.	reduces development of incompatible roles.
Answer» D. reduces development of incompatible roles.

Discussion

199.	A student who is unprepared for a final exam complains thathe has a stomach ache and cannot take the exam. If the student's roommate ignores this complaint, he or she has probably attributed the student's symptoms to the
A.	object.
B.	actor.
C.	situation.
D.	need for affiliation.
Answer» C. situation.

Discussion

200.	If everyone leaves five minutes before the game is over to avoid a traffic jam, the resulting traffic jam would be an exampleof
A.	social impregnation.
B.	a social trap.
C.	groupthink.
D.	self-handicapping.
Answer» E.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in 12th.

Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, or suspicion is a definition of

Interpersonal attraction is encouraged by which one of the following?

The fact that physically attractive people also tend to be rated more highly on traits suchas intelligence and honesty is an example of

When a person with little or no authority makes a direct request to another person, thesituation involves

In general, helping behavior in emergency situations is discouraged by

A learned disposition to respond to people, objects, or institutions in a positive ornegative way defines

Social traps can be dismantled by changing

Someone asks you to bring dip to a party and you agree. Later the person asks you toalso bring popcorn, chips, and sodas. The person has used which compliance strategy?

The study of unspoken rules for the use of interpersonal space is called

People's invisible "spatial envelope" defines their __________, and extends "I" or "me"boundaries past the skin

If everyone leaves five minutes before the game is over to avoid a traffic jam, theresulting traffic jam would be an example of

Subjects in Milgram's experiment who gave large shocks rationalized that they were NOT personally responsible for their actions. This raises questions about our willingnessto commit inhumane acts as a result of

__________ attachment style is marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, andemotional turmoil

Which theory holds that a relationship must be profitable to endure?

For most American adults, an invisible spatial envelope defining their most intimatespace

Solomon Asch's classic experiment (in which subjects judged a standard line andcomparison lines) was arranged to test the limits of

The person who agrees to a small request initially is more likely later to comply with alarger demand. This describes the

When subjects in Milgram's obedience experiments received their orders over the phone,they

You are walking into a store when a man rudely cuts in front of you, almost shoving you, so that he may enter the store first. "What a jerk!" you think to yourself. As you enter thestore, you see the same man performing an emergency tracheotomy on a women with a collapsed windpipe. You have just

During research in a simulated prison situation

During the Stanford Prison study,

__________ is best known for his research on conformity

Studies of conformity indicate that people are more apt to beinfluenced by others if they

An ongoing pattern of life including such things as language,customs and sex roles is called

Karen smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. However, she is aware that smoking is harmful to her health; therefore, she holds two conflicting or dissonant thoughts. If Karen were to reduce her cognitive dissonance by changing her attitude, she might say to herself,

How individuals are affected by the presence of others is thefocus of study in the field of

Comparing yourself with a person who ranks lower than youis referred to as

The demonstration by Jane Elliot with blue-eyed and browneyed children suggests that an effective way to generateconditions of prejudice is to

Expected behavior patterns associated with particular socialpositions are called

People who think their ethnic, national, or religious group issuperior to others are called

When making the "attribution error," we tend to overestimatethe importance of __________ in judging the behavior of others.

In an experiment in which a "student" simulated a seizure,helping was inhibited by

Sharing your own private thoughts and feelings is called

Discrimination refers to behaviors that

Cognitive dissonance theory is based on the human need for

Alcohol

The judge who is caught cheating on his income tax is likelyexperiencing

People's attitudes about women and rape primarily come from

Desensitization is

Interpersonal attraction is encouraged by which one of thefollowing?

When you have "clashing thoughts," you are experiencing

During his rise to power, Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany'seconomic woes. This is an example of

In general, helping behavior in emergency situations isdiscouraged by

Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, orsuspicion is a definition of

Those roles which one attains voluntarily are called

The organization of roles, patterns of communication, andpower in a group defines the group's

A learned disposition to respond to people, objects, orinstitutions in a positive or negative way defines

Physical proximity increases attraction because it

A student who is unprepared for a final exam complains thathe has a stomach ache and cannot take the exam. If the student's roommate ignores this complaint, he or she has probably attributed the student's symptoms to the

If everyone leaves five minutes before the game is over to avoid a traffic jam, the resulting traffic jam would be an exampleof