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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 1349 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your 12th knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 201. |
With regard to the effects of TV on children, we can concludethat |
| A. | tv has little effect on the behavior of children. |
| B. | tv only increases aggressive behavior in children. |
| C. | tv only increases prosocial behavior in children. |
| D. | the amount of tv viewing may be related to aggressive behavior later in life. |
| Answer» D. the amount of tv viewing may be related to aggressive behavior later in life. | |
| 202. |
Social position in a group determines one's |
| A. | competence. |
| B. | autokinetic norms. |
| C. | role. |
| D. | usefulness. |
| Answer» D. usefulness. | |
| 203. |
Prejudice based on displaced aggression represents a form of |
| A. | projection. |
| B. | discrimination. |
| C. | scapegoating. |
| D. | authoritarianism. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 204. |
For most American adults, an invisible spatial envelopedefining their most intimate space |
| A. | extends four feet from their body. |
| B. | extends an "arm\s reach" from their body. |
| C. | is reserved for comfortable interactions with friends. |
| D. | extends about 18 inches out from their body. |
| Answer» D. extends about 18 inches out from their body. | |
| 205. |
A compulsion by decision makers to maintain each other'sapproval, even at the cost of critical thinking and good judgment, is called |
| A. | the halo effect. |
| B. | expert power. |
| C. | groupthink. |
| D. | social conformity. |
| Answer» B. expert power. | |
| 206. |
Arabs are typically depicted in the media as oil-rich but ignorant and savage. In a time of war with an Arab country, thisimage would be used |
| A. | to make it easier for soldiers to kill the enemy. |
| B. | to educate the population regarding the enemy. |
| C. | to strip away the emotional insulation of our soldiers. |
| D. | very little, since previous attempts at dehumanizing (during w.w.ii, for example) were ineffective. |
| Answer» B. to educate the population regarding the enemy. | |
| 207. |
The __________ hypothesis states that frustration tends to leadto aggression. |
| A. | frustration-aggression |
| B. | biological instinct |
| C. | social learning |
| D. | cognitive dissonance |
| Answer» C. social learning | |
| 208. |
Moderate self-disclosure typically leads to |
| A. | competence matching. |
| B. | rejection. |
| C. | romantic attraction. |
| D. | reciprocity. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 209. |
Aggression is best defined as |
| A. | hostility. |
| B. | anger. |
| C. | any action carried out with the intent of harming another person. |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 210. |
Which statement about physical attractiveness is FALSE? |
| A. | beauty is a factor mainly in initial acquaintances. |
| B. | looks are less related to dating frequency for men than for women. |
| C. | for men, there is little relationship between attractiveness and the achievement of status. |
| D. | for marriage partners there is a tendency for attractive men |
| Answer» B. looks are less related to dating frequency for men than for women. | |
| 211. |
In North America, male friendships are __________ based and female friendships are __________ . |
| A. | activity; based on sharing feelings. |
| B. | attraction; based on activity |
| C. | feeling; based on activity |
| D. | activity; based on attraction |
| Answer» B. attraction; based on activity | |
| 212. |
According to evolutionary psychologists, |
| A. | women tend to be concerned with whether mates will devote time and resources to a relationship. |
| B. | men place less emphasis on physical attractiveness. |
| C. | women place more emphasis on sexual fidelity. |
| D. | men are biologically driven to have multiple partners. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 213. |
You are walking into a store when a man rudely cuts in front of you, almost shoving you, so that he may enter the store first. "What a jerk!" you think to yourself. As you enter the store, yousee the same man performing an emergency tracheotomy on a women with a collapsed windpipe. You have just |
| A. | discounted a person\s actions due to situational demands. |
| B. | self-handicapped. |
| C. | overemphasized the object in this action sequence. |
| D. | made the fundamental attribution error. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 214. |
An example of a superordinate goal is |
| A. | getting good grades. |
| B. | making money. |
| C. | making friends. |
| D. | protecting clean water supplies. |
| Answer» D. protecting clean water supplies. | |
| 215. |
According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, attitudes are changed because |
| A. | emotionally persuasive arguments unfreeze beliefs. |
| B. | logical arguments alter the belief component of an attitude. |
| C. | clashing thoughts cause discomfort. |
| D. | acting contrary to one\s beliefs for a large reward causes dissonance. |
| Answer» D. acting contrary to one\s beliefs for a large reward causes dissonance. | |
| 216. |
The degree of attraction among group members relates tothe dimension of |
| A. | compatibility. |
| B. | structure. |
| C. | cohesiveness. |
| D. | conformity. |
| Answer» D. conformity. | |
| 217. |
Which is true of social stereotypes? |
| A. | they are always negative. |
| B. | they tend to be rational. |
| C. | likable members of a rejected group are perceived as an "exception." |
| D. | university students show more evidence of ethnic stereotyping now than they did in the past. |
| Answer» B. they tend to be rational. | |
| 218. |
A __________ group is a group based on social comparison. |
| A. | focus |
| B. | personal identification |
| C. | reference |
| D. | comparison |
| Answer» D. comparison | |
| 219. |
The study in which college students attached a bumper sticker for a militant black organization to their cars and thenreceived frequent traffic citations demonstrates |
| A. | group prejudice. |
| B. | scapegoating. |
| C. | personal prejudice. |
| D. | discrimination. |
| Answer» B. scapegoating. | |
| 220. |
When we perform well, we typically attribute our success to__________. |
| A. | internal characteristics |
| B. | our group of colleagues |
| C. | external circumstances |
| D. | our personality type |
| Answer» E. | |
| 221. |
Which is TRUE regarding choosing a mate? |
| A. | people who marry are highly similar in age, education, race, religion, and ethnic background. |
| B. | the highest correlation between people who marry involves their temperaments. |
| C. | in the united states kindness and understanding are ranked as being the least important qualities in a mate. |
| D. | men rate physical attractiveness as a less important quality |
| Answer» C. in the united states kindness and understanding are ranked as being the least important qualities in a mate. | |
| 222. |
There is a strong relationship between dating frequency andphysical attractiveness |
| A. | for males. |
| B. | for females. |
| C. | for both males and females. |
| D. | beyond the initial stage of attraction. |
| Answer» C. for both males and females. | |
| 223. |
In a research study investigating the effects of stress on the desire to affiliate, half of the participants complete an easy test of mental ability and half complete a difficult test. What techniqueshould the investigators use to ensure that any posttestdifferences in the group's desire to affiliate actually result from the differences in test difficulty? |
| A. | random sampling |
| B. | random assignment |
| C. | replication |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. replication | |
| 224. |
A negative correlation between degree of wealth and the likelihood of being involved in criminal activity would indicate that |
| A. | poverty makes people more likely to commit a crime |
| B. | the poor are more likely to be involved in criminal activity than are the wealthy |
| C. | being involved in criminal activity usually prevents people from accumulating wealth |
| D. | all of the above are necessarily true |
| Answer» D. all of the above are necessarily true | |
| 225. |
Which of the following techniques would be the most effective way of investigating the relationship between the political preferences and the age of Canadian citizens? |
| A. | an experiment |
| B. | a case study |
| C. | a correlational study |
| D. | participant observation |
| Answer» B. a case study | |
| 226. |
Which of the following research methods would be mosteffective in demonstrating that the presence of others improves our performance of a task? |
| A. | an experiment |
| B. | correlational study |
| C. | a survey |
| D. | a field study |
| Answer» B. correlational study | |
| 227. |
A research psychologist manipulates the level of fear in human subjects in the laboratory and then examines what effectthe different levels of fear have on the subjects' reaction times. In this study, reaction time is the _______________ variable. |
| A. | dependent |
| B. | correlational |
| C. | independent |
| D. | experimental |
| Answer» B. correlational | |
| 228. |
The telephone company wants to survey its 100,000 customers. Four proposals for sampling the customers are being considered. Which would you recommend? |
| A. | interview every 75th person listed in the telephone directory |
| B. | mail a questionnaire to all 100,000 customers and assume at least 1200 will respond |
| C. | interview the people in every 50th residence from a postal listing of all addresses |
| D. | interview those 1000 persons with the highest phone bills |
| Answer» D. interview those 1000 persons with the highest phone bills | |
| 229. |
You would like to know the relationship between the number of psychology courses people take and their interpersonal sensitivity. You survey university students to determine how much psychology they have taken and then have them complete a testof social sensitivity. Finally you plot the relationship. This is an example of |
| A. | a laboratory experiment |
| B. | a field experiment |
| C. | a correlational study |
| D. | participant observation |
| Answer» E. | |
| 230. |
Who of the following is most likely to study how religiousattitudes develop within the typical individual? |
| A. | a sociologist |
| B. | a social worker |
| C. | a social psychologist |
| D. | a theologian |
| Answer» C. a social psychologist | |
| 231. |
Who of the following would be most likely to study how the political attitudes of middle-class people differ from those oflower-class people? |
| A. | a personality psychologist |
| B. | a social psychologist |
| C. | a social biologist |
| D. | a sociologist |
| Answer» D. a sociologist | |
| 232. |
In comparison to North American social psychologists, European social psychologists tend to give more attention to the_______________ levels of explanation. |
| A. | intrapersonal and interpersonal |
| B. | intergroup and societal |
| C. | interpersonal and intergroup |
| D. | intrapersonal and societal |
| Answer» C. interpersonal and intergroup | |
| 233. |
The text suggests that adjectives such as "self-actualized," "mature," and "well-adjusted" demonstrate |
| A. | how psychological concepts have hidden values |
| B. | how psychological concepts are individualistic |
| C. | an inordinate concern with mental health |
| D. | how personality psychologists are more influential than social psychologists |
| Answer» E. | |
| 234. |
The naturalistic fallacy provides an example of |
| A. | the hindsight bias |
| B. | how values penetrate the work of the scientist |
| C. | how commonsense notions are often wrong |
| D. | how naturalistic observation is unable to answer questions about cause-effect relationships |
| Answer» C. how commonsense notions are often wrong | |
| 235. |
According to the text, the fact that human thinking alwaysinvolves interpretation |
| A. | provides a valid reason for dismissing science |
| B. | is precisely why we need scientific analysis |
| C. | is a reason for preferring experimental over correlational research |
| D. | has been more frequently recognized by those in the sciences than by those in the humanities |
| Answer» B. is precisely why we need scientific analysis | |
| 236. |
In an experimental study of the effects of failure on selfesteem, self-esteem would be the |
| A. | control condition |
| B. | independent variable |
| C. | dependent variable |
| D. | experimental condition |
| Answer» D. experimental condition | |
| 237. |
According to the text, ___________________________ tends to make people overconfident about the validity of their judgmentsand predictions. |
| A. | the fundamental attribution error |
| B. | illusory correlation |
| C. | the naturalistic fallacy |
| D. | the hindsight bias |
| Answer» E. | |
| 238. |
Hypotheses are best characterized as |
| A. | axioms |
| B. | principles |
| C. | predictions |
| D. | conclusions |
| Answer» D. conclusions | |
| 239. |
The experimental method is used in about ___________________________ of all social-psychological researchstudies. |
| A. | one-fourth |
| B. | one-half |
| C. | three-fourths |
| D. | nine-tenths |
| Answer» D. nine-tenths | |
| 240. |
The experimental factor that the experimenter manipulates iscalled the _______________ variable. |
| A. | dependent |
| B. | control |
| C. | independent |
| D. | experimental |
| Answer» D. experimental | |
| 241. |
In an experiment, the variable being measured is called the__________________ variable. |
| A. | control |
| B. | independent |
| C. | experimental |
| D. | dependent |
| Answer» E. | |
| 242. |
Random assignment means that each person taking part in an experiment must |
| A. | have an equal chance of being in a given condition in theexperiment |
| B. | be assigned to all the conditions of the experimental treatment |
| C. | be randomly selected from the larger population |
| D. | be given random responses to the experimenter\s questions |
| Answer» B. be assigned to all the conditions of the experimental treatment | |
| 243. |
The great strength of _____________________ is that it tends to occur in real-world settings where it can examine questionsregarding important factors like race, sex, and social status. |
| A. | correlational research |
| B. | field experimentation |
| C. | laboratory experimentation |
| D. | quasi-experimentation |
| Answer» B. field experimentation | |
| 244. |
Which of the following distinguishes the correlational methodfrom experimentation? |
| A. | the correlational method uses a smaller group of subjects |
| B. | the correlational method enables researchers to study social attitudes |
| C. | no attempt is made to systematically manipulate one or more factors with the correlational method |
| D. | the findings from the correlational method are more likely to |
| Answer» D. the findings from the correlational method are more likely to | |
| 245. |
Most social-psychological research is conducted either in the field or in the ______________________ and is either correlational or________________________. |
| A. | clinic; survey |
| B. | laboratory; experimental |
| C. | laboratory; survey |
| D. | clinic; experimental |
| Answer» C. laboratory; survey | |
| 246. |
Survey researchers obtain a representative group |
| A. | through random assignment |
| B. | by selecting at least 2000 respondents to be interviewed |
| C. | by taking a random sample |
| D. | either through telephone books or automobile registrations |
| Answer» D. either through telephone books or automobile registrations | |
| 247. |
In comparison to personality psychology, social psychology |
| A. | has a shorter history |
| B. | is more concerned with the biological causes of behavior |
| C. | is more likely to use case studies in theory development |
| D. | has greater concern for differences between individuals |
| Answer» B. is more concerned with the biological causes of behavior | |
| 248. |
In comparison to the sociologist, the social psychologist |
| A. | is more likely to study the social causes of behavior |
| B. | is more likely to study individuals than groups |
| C. | gives less attention to our internal functioning |
| D. | relies more heavily on correlational research |
| Answer» C. gives less attention to our internal functioning | |
| 249. |
Social psychology began to emerge as the vibrant field it istoday during |
| A. | the depression of the early 1930s when researchers examined the effects of deprivation on aggression and altruism |
| B. | world war i when psychologists conducted studies of social conflict and cooperation |
| C. | world war ii when researchers performed studies of persuasion and soldier morale |
| D. | the korean war when psychologists examined the effects of brainwashing on prisoners of war |
| Answer» D. the korean war when psychologists examined the effects of brainwashing on prisoners of war | |
| 250. |
Which of the following is an example of using a ‘derived etic’approach to cross cultural research? |
| A. | research that examines a single culture in its own terms |
| B. | research that compares members of thirty cultures on a measure that has been well validated in one of the cultures |
| C. | research that compares members of two cultures on a task that was developed jointly by researchers from both cultures |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |