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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 1349 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your 12th knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 351. |
The theory that states for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appearconsistent is |
| A. | cognitive theory. |
| B. | consistency theory. |
| C. | self-presentation theory. |
| D. | self-perception theory. |
| Answer» D. self-perception theory. | |
| 352. |
An experimenter manipulates what variable? |
| A. | control |
| B. | independent |
| C. | dependent |
| D. | experimental |
| Answer» C. dependent | |
| 353. |
The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating is the |
| A. | social learning theory. |
| B. | instrumental learning theory. |
| C. | behavioral learning theory. |
| D. | group learning theory. |
| Answer» B. instrumental learning theory. | |
| 354. |
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with alarger request is the |
| A. | low-ball phenomenon. |
| B. | role-playing phenomenon. |
| C. | self-presentation phenomenon. |
| D. | foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 355. |
Hindsight bias |
| A. | is conducive to an underestimation of our own intellectual powers. |
| B. | shows that common sense is nearly always scientifically wrong. |
| C. | is the tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome. |
| D. | is the tendency to see the objective situation incorrectly. |
| Answer» D. is the tendency to see the objective situation incorrectly. | |
| 356. |
Which country had the highest conformity percentage when Asch's conformityexperiment was conducted overseas? |
| A. | Lebanon |
| B. | Hong Kong |
| C. | the Bantu of Zimbabwe |
| D. | Brazil |
| Answer» D. Brazil | |
| 357. |
Social psychology is |
| A. | the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| B. | the scientific study of how people act. |
| C. | the scientific study of how people love and hate. |
| D. | the scientific study of how people understand and conflict with one another. |
| Answer» B. the scientific study of how people act. | |
| 358. |
Calvin asks his mother for ice cream with strawberries and nuts on top. She refuses. Hethen asks for a cookie, and she grants his request. Calvin has successfully used the |
| A. | overjustification technique. |
| B. | foot-in-the-door technique. |
| C. | door-in-the-face technique. |
| D. | underjustification technique. |
| Answer» D. underjustification technique. | |
| 359. |
Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations is |
| A. | nominal influence. |
| B. | informational influence. |
| C. | normative influence. |
| D. | indirect influence. |
| Answer» D. indirect influence. | |
| 360. |
The study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables is |
| A. | experimental research. |
| B. | correlational research. |
| C. | field research. |
| D. | interpretative research. |
| Answer» C. field research. | |
| 361. |
According to the text, which of the following are true of self-perception and cognitivedissonance theories? |
| A. | Self-perception theory has more support and evidence. |
| B. | Evidence exists to support both theories. |
| C. | Cognitive dissonance theory has more support and evidence. |
| D. | They are mutually exclusive; therefore one has to be correct. |
| Answer» C. Cognitive dissonance theory has more support and evidence. | |
| 362. |
Which of the following moods is most likely to motivate altruism? |
| A. | depression |
| B. | grief |
| C. | guilt |
| D. | anger |
| Answer» D. anger | |
| 363. |
According to the text, people will nearly always voice their convictions if |
| A. | if two other people have done so. |
| B. | if one other person has done so. |
| C. | if more than two people have done so. |
| D. | none of the above. |
| Answer» C. if more than two people have done so. | |
| 364. |
From an evolutionary perspective it would be most difficult to explain why |
| A. | someone risked his life to help a stranger. |
| B. | someone paid his daughter's hospital bill. |
| C. | someone risked his life to help his father. |
| D. | someone risked his life to help his daughter. |
| Answer» B. someone paid his daughter's hospital bill. | |
| 365. |
An ongoing pattern of life including such things as language, customs and sex roles iscalled |
| A. | conformity. |
| B. | norms. |
| C. | group cohesion. |
| D. | culture. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 366. |
The training of tortures by the military junta in Greece illustrates |
| A. | the compliance effect. |
| B. | cohesiveness effect. |
| C. | the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| D. | reactance phenomenon. |
| Answer» D. reactance phenomenon. | |
| 367. |
You can measure attitudes by which of the following techniques? |
| A. | bogus pipeline |
| B. | overjustification pipeline |
| C. | self-monitoring pipeline |
| D. | low-ball technique |
| Answer» B. overjustification pipeline | |
| 368. |
Social representations are |
| A. | the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a group of people. |
| B. | objective situations. |
| C. | object representations of real world actions. |
| D. | our most important and most unexamined convictions. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 369. |
Researchers had participants working in a room either by themselves or with two strangers. When smoke was pumped into the room through a vent, the solitary participant |
| A. | noticed the smoke quicker than those in groups. |
| B. | was less likely to act. |
| C. | thought the smoke was a fire. |
| D. | finished the task quickly. |
| Answer» B. was less likely to act. | |
| 370. |
Sales rates of Hustler and Playboy were positively correlated with state |
| A. | child abuse rates. |
| B. | rape rates. |
| C. | employment rates. |
| D. | incest rates. |
| Answer» C. employment rates. | |
| 371. |
The extent to which members of a group are bound together is |
| A. | unity. |
| B. | harmony. |
| C. | cohesiveness. |
| D. | agreement. |
| Answer» D. agreement. | |
| 372. |
A motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interests is |
| A. | empathy. |
| B. | reciprocity. |
| C. | altruism. |
| D. | a personality trait. |
| Answer» D. a personality trait. | |
| 373. |
Sherif's study using autokinetic phenomenon suggest |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | acceptance. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» C. obedience. | |
| 374. |
During the first year of life, the child is said to go through the __________ stage. |
| A. | oral |
| B. | anal |
| C. | genital |
| D. | phallic |
| Answer» B. anal | |
| 375. |
Learning sex-appropriate behavior is greatly influenced by |
| A. | self-reinforcement and resolution of unconscious conflicts. |
| B. | identification and imitation. |
| C. | toilet training and early feeding contacts. |
| D. | valuing and self-regard. |
| Answer» C. toilet training and early feeding contacts. | |
| 376. |
Critics of psychoanalytic personality theory note its failure to |
| A. | be able to predict future behavior. |
| B. | provide a role for biological instincts in personality development. |
| C. | explain psychological events after they have occurr |
| Answer» B. provide a role for biological instincts in personality development. | |
| 377. |
The term personality refers to |
| A. | the hereditary aspects of one\s emotional nature. |
| B. | unique and enduring behavior patterns. |
| C. | favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics. |
| D. | charisma, character, or temperament. |
| Answer» C. favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics. | |
| 378. |
__________ theories stress private, subjective experience and personal growth. |
| A. | trait |
| B. | humanistic |
| C. | behavioristic |
| D. | psychodynamic |
| Answer» C. behavioristic | |
| 379. |
Freud believed that at each psychosexual stage a different part of the body becomes |
| A. | id-fixated. |
| B. | archetypical. |
| C. | an erogenous zone. |
| D. | a source for modeling. |
| Answer» D. a source for modeling. | |
| 380. |
Behaviorists are to the external environment as humanists are to |
| A. | stress. |
| B. | personal growth. |
| C. | humanki |
| Answer» C. humanki | |
| 381. |
Self-actualization refers to |
| A. | a tendency that causes human personality problems. |
| B. | what it is that makes certain men and women famous. |
| C. | anyone who is making full use of his or her potentials. |
| D. | the requirements necessary for becoming famous, academically distinguished, or rich. |
| Answer» D. the requirements necessary for becoming famous, academically distinguished, or rich. | |
| 382. |
If self-esteem is too high, the person may be |
| A. | boring. |
| B. | ineffective. |
| C. | dull. |
| D. | arrogant. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 383. |
The main criticism of humanistic theory is that |
| A. | it emphasizes the negative dimensions of personality. |
| B. | it is research rather than experience oriented. |
| C. | its concepts are imprecise and difficult to study objectively. |
| D. | its approach is more empirical than philosophical. |
| Answer» D. its approach is more empirical than philosophical. | |
| 384. |
The description of a person's character implies |
| A. | the use of rating scales. |
| B. | the use of multiple observers. |
| C. | the use of situational testing. |
| D. | judgment about the desirability of traits. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 385. |
Which theory of personality was developed by Sigmund Freud? |
| A. | psychoanalytic |
| B. | behavioristic |
| C. | humanistic |
| D. | psychosocial |
| Answer» B. behavioristic | |
| 386. |
Jung believed that there are basic universal concepts in all people regardless of culturecalled |
| A. | persona. |
| B. | collective consciousness. |
| C. | archetypes. |
| D. | mandalas. |
| Answer» D. mandalas. | |
| 387. |
The position that personality is composed of learned patterns is held by |
| A. | neo-freudians. |
| B. | humanists. |
| C. | behaviorists or behavioral personality theorists. |
| D. | psychoanalytic theorists. |
| Answer» D. psychoanalytic theorists. | |
| 388. |
Between the ages of 1 and 3 years, the child is said to go through the __________ stage. |
| A. | phallic |
| B. | latency |
| C. | anal |
| D. | genital |
| Answer» D. genital | |
| 389. |
According to Freud, the Oedipal and Electra conflicts end when a child takes on thevalues and behaviors of the same sex parent in a process called |
| A. | fixation. |
| B. | imitation. |
| C. | observation. |
| D. | identification. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 390. |
Which is included as one of the traits Maslow theorized were possessed by selfactualizer? |
| A. | egocentrism |
| B. | extraversion |
| C. | superior intelligence |
| D. | capacity to laugh at oneself |
| Answer» E. | |
| 391. |
A key element of Carl Rogers' personality theory is the concept of |
| A. | meta-needs. |
| B. | the self or self-image. |
| C. | self-reinforcement. |
| D. | the pleasure principle. |
| Answer» C. self-reinforcement. | |
| 392. |
We each have a perception of our own personality traits. This perception stronglyinfluences our behavior. Psychologists call this perception |
| A. | self-evaluation. |
| B. | inner concept. |
| C. | self-concept. |
| D. | self-esteem. |
| Answer» D. self-esteem. | |
| 393. |
The __________ begins with puberty and ends with a mature capacity for love and therealization of full adult sexuality. |
| A. | latency period |
| B. | oedipal and electra conflicts |
| C. | genital stage |
| D. | phallic stage |
| Answer» D. phallic stage | |
| 394. |
If you know the personality of an identical twin, you can expect the personality of theother twin to be |
| A. | unrelated. |
| B. | similar. |
| C. | identical. |
| D. | conflicting. |
| Answer» C. identical. | |
| 395. |
According to Freud, the key to mental health is |
| A. | an overpowering superego. |
| B. | an unrestrained id. |
| C. | dominance of the pleasure principle. |
| D. | balance among mental processes. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 396. |
The __________ contains material of which you may be unaware but that can easily bebrought to awareness. |
| A. | subconscious |
| B. | preconscious |
| C. | unconscious |
| D. | conscious |
| Answer» C. unconscious | |
| 397. |
The part of the mind that is beyond awareness is called the |
| A. | unconscious. |
| B. | conscious. |
| C. | postconscious. |
| D. | preconscious. |
| Answer» B. conscious. | |
| 398. |
According to behaviorists, |
| A. | hostile, generous, or destructive impulses arise in the unconscious. |
| B. | personality is acquired through conditioning and observational learning. |
| C. | personality is strongly influenced by one\s self-image. |
| D. | personality develops from initial feelings of inferiority. |
| Answer» C. personality is strongly influenced by one\s self-image. | |
| 399. |
According to the humanists, __________ occurs when people are free from dependenceon external authority or on other people. |
| A. | autonomy |
| B. | spontaneity |
| C. | peak experience |
| D. | task centering |
| Answer» B. spontaneity | |
| 400. |
A psychiatrist who explains pathological behavior as a conflict between underlyingpsychological forces is using the __________ model. |
| A. | psychoanalytic |
| B. | behavioral |
| C. | medical |
| D. | humanistic |
| Answer» B. behavioral | |