MCQOPTIONS
Saved Bookmarks
MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 90 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Genetic Engineering knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
The cloning step in PCR/sequencing analysis of microbial communities is necessary for |
| A. | the amplification process |
| B. | preventing contamination by outside DNA |
| C. | separating the different rRNA gene sequences in the mixture |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 2. |
DNA fragments in a restriction digest can be separated by electrophoresis in |
| A. | poly acrylamide |
| B. | agarose gel |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 3. |
Northern blotting is |
| A. | widely different than southern blotting |
| B. | another name for southern blotting |
| C. | analogous to southern blotting |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 4. |
What technique can be used to determine the murderer who left blood with the victim? |
| A. | DNA sequencing |
| B. | PCR amplification |
| C. | Western blot |
| D. | RFLP mapping |
| Answer» C. Western blot | |
| 5. |
The process of introducing DNA into cells is called ____________________ |
| A. | blotting |
| B. | conjugation |
| C. | transfection |
| D. | conduction |
| Answer» D. conduction | |
| 6. |
Viral-mediated gene transfer is called _______________ |
| A. | conjugation |
| B. | transduction |
| C. | transformation |
| D. | transversion |
| Answer» C. transformation | |
| 7. |
Bacterial artificial chromosomes are the __________________ of bacterial cells. |
| A. | Polymerase enzyme |
| B. | Proteases |
| C. | F-factors |
| D. | Exonucleases |
| Answer» D. Exonucleases | |
| 8. |
Which of the following can be used to clone DNA sequence of size larger than 25 kb? |
| A. | Yeast artificial chromosome |
| B. | SV40 |
| C. | Plasmid |
| D. | Bacteriophage |
| Answer» B. SV40 | |
| 9. |
The endonuclease HaeIII recognizes ______________________ sequence. |
| A. | mono-nucleotide |
| B. | bi-nucleotide |
| C. | tri-nucleotide |
| D. | tetra-nucleotide |
| Answer» D. tetra-nucleotide | |
| 10. |
cDNA libraries are produced from ______________________ |
| A. | ribonucleic acids |
| B. | messenger RNAs |
| C. | transfer RNAs |
| D. | ribosomal RNAs |
| Answer» C. transfer RNAs | |
| 11. |
DNA libraries are collection of ______________________ |
| A. | ribonucleic acid |
| B. | cloned DNA fragments |
| C. | bacteriophages |
| D. | viral particles |
| Answer» C. bacteriophages | |
| 12. |
When was the nucleotide sequence of a viral genome first elucidated? |
| A. | 1977 |
| B. | 1988 |
| C. | 1999 |
| D. | 2002 |
| Answer» B. 1988 | |
| 13. |
Molecular beacons are short ____________________ |
| A. | polysaccarides |
| B. | monosaccharides |
| C. | oligonucleotides |
| D. | phospholipids |
| Answer» D. phospholipids | |
| 14. |
PCR can generate large amounts of DNA. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 15. |
Which enzyme is active at 72° in the polymerase chain reaction? |
| A. | isomerase |
| B. | exonuclease |
| C. | polymerase |
| D. | endonuclease |
| Answer» D. endonuclease | |
| 16. |
The temperature cycles in a polymerase chain reaction are in the order __________________ |
| A. | 95°, 60°, 72° |
| B. | 60°, 72°, 95° |
| C. | 72°, 60°, 95° |
| D. | 95°, 72°, 60° |
| Answer» B. 60°, 72°, 95° | |
| 17. |
Taq polymerase is a ________________________ polymerase. |
| A. | heat-stable |
| B. | buffering |
| C. | denaturant |
| D. | large |
| Answer» B. buffering | |
| 18. |
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was invented by ______________________ |
| A. | Kary Mullis |
| B. | James Watson |
| C. | John Hopkins |
| D. | Hargobind Khorana |
| Answer» B. James Watson | |
| 19. |
Bacteriophage Lambda is a major cloning vector. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 20. |
Which of the statement is incorrect for anchored PCR? |
| A. | Anchored PCR is the modification in which only one piece of the sequence is known and thus one primer |
| B. | The known sequence is attached to the required region of amplification and then further used as a second priming site |
| C. | Fragment the sample DNA and ligate it to known sequence |
| D. | Tails are added enzymatically to the region of known sequence |
| Answer» E. | |
| 21. |
In another method of quantitative PCR, reporter-quencher set up is used. Which of the statement holds true for this methodology? |
| A. | It allows detection of all double stranded molecules |
| B. | The reporter and quencher are the molecules present on the same probe |
| C. | The quencher is having a fluorescent group |
| D. | Fluorescence is observed only when both the groups are present in proximity to each other |
| Answer» C. The quencher is having a fluorescent group | |
| 22. |
Which of the statement hold true for Quantitative PCR? |
| A. | A fluorescent dye is used which binds on single stranded DNA molecules |
| B. | SYBR green is an example such type of dye |
| C. | The quantity of DNA is simply measured by measuring the amount of fluorescence |
| D. | This approach is useful if the products are non-specific in nature |
| Answer» D. This approach is useful if the products are non-specific in nature | |
| 23. |
What is the problem associated with historical DNA samples? |
| A. | They are less in amount thus amplification is difficult |
| B. | Because the samples are very old, there can be contamination |
| C. | They degrade during repeated cooling and heating cycles |
| D. | As the samples are old, the standard sequences for comparison is not present |
| Answer» C. They degrade during repeated cooling and heating cycles | |
| 24. |
How can the specificity of primer annealing be increased? |
| A. | Use of short primers |
| B. | Raising temperature |
| C. | Adjusting the concentration of sodium ions |
| D. | Using polymerase with proof reading activity |
| Answer» C. Adjusting the concentration of sodium ions | |
| 25. |
Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding the cloning of PCR products? |
| A. | In cloning via restriction enzymes, restriction sites are induced before amplification is carried out |
| B. | The restriction sites are induced in the primers before annealing |
| C. | The intermediate molecules are having restriction sites at both ends |
| D. | The amplified molecules can be cut at both the ends by appropriate enzymes |
| Answer» D. The amplified molecules can be cut at both the ends by appropriate enzymes | |
| 26. |
There are basically two types of contamination, laboratory and external. If a PCR product is found to be contaminated by bacteria. It comes under laboratory contamination. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be True or False | |
| 27. |
Isothermal amplification is carried out at times. Which of the statement is true? |
| A. | The repeated heating and cooling required by PCR is not the reason for limiting how quickly the reaction is carried out |
| B. | It is carried out typically at 65 degrees |
| C. | Normal Taq polymerase is used |
| D. | It requires expensive PCR machines to be carried out |
| Answer» C. Normal Taq polymerase is used | |
| 28. |
PCR products can be analysed in many ways. Which of the following is not possible? |
| A. | Use of restriction enzymes |
| B. | Determining whether a particular oliginucleotide probe hybridizes to a PCR product |
| C. | Electrophoresis |
| D. | Direct sequencing can’t be carried out |
| Answer» E. | |
| 29. |
By using two oligonucleotides, we can measure the amount of quantity of DNA by measuring the amount of fluorescence. The first probe absorbs light and the second emits it at a particular wavelength. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 30. |
Topoisomerse I is also used for cloning of PCR product at times. Which of the statement holds true for such type of cloning? |
| A. | The restriction site is induced into the vector and the topisomerase enzyme is induced into the PCR primers |
| B. | The topoismerase I is used for cutting both the strands |
| C. | The induction of topoisomerase enzyme is done into the vector in the case it is very small in size |
| D. | The restriction site is induced into the PCR primers and the topoisomerase enzyme is induced into the vector |
| Answer» E. | |
| 31. |
Mutation is never deliberately induced in PCR products. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be True or False | |
| 32. |
The primer annealing temperature is often very low from the maximum temperature. This low temperature leads to some mismatches. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 33. |
Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder. Which of the following doesn’t holds true for it? |
| A. | It can be analysed by PCR |
| B. | It destroys a restriction site |
| C. | The mutation is in alpha globulin gene |
| D. | The conventional approach took weeks for the whole analyses to be carried out |
| Answer» D. The conventional approach took weeks for the whole analyses to be carried out | |
| 34. |
Which of the statements don’t hold true for the forensics and the amplification carried out? |
| A. | In the case of forensics, conventional methods such as southern blotting are used very effectively |
| B. | In cases of bone fragments which contain less than 300 nucleotides conventional methods can’t be applied as they involve southern blotting, restriction digestion etc |
| C. | The poor condition of DNA also makes the PCR amplification difficult |
| D. | Microsatellites composed of simply varying repeats of CA sequences are used |
| Answer» B. In cases of bone fragments which contain less than 300 nucleotides conventional methods can’t be applied as they involve southern blotting, restriction digestion etc | |
| 35. |
If amplification of one of the strand is favoured, the modification of PCR is known as __________ |
| A. | single-strand PCR |
| B. | partial PCR |
| C. | asymmetric PCR |
| D. | anchored PCR |
| Answer» D. anchored PCR | |
| 36. |
What are the possibilities which can occur until the temperature has reached for primer annealing? |
| A. | Extension doesn’t starts until the appropriate temperature is reached |
| B. | Extension may start even when the temperature is low |
| C. | At low temperature, there is specific annealing of primer taking place |
| D. | There are more specific products which are generated |
| Answer» C. At low temperature, there is specific annealing of primer taking place | |
| 37. |
Which of the statement is incorrect for jumping PCR? |
| A. | It is used in the case when the DNA fragment is degraded |
| B. | In this type of PCR, the molecules are not long enough to span between the two primer sites |
| C. | At the end of first round of synthesis, the extension of the molecule from the primer site to the end of the fragmented molecule takes place |
| D. | It doesn’t leads to the formation of chimeric product |
| Answer» E. | |
| 38. |
Generally, amplification is carried out between the PCR primers. But if amplification is carried out outside the primers, it is called as __________ |
| A. | Inverse PCR |
| B. | Circular PCR |
| C. | Non-conventional PCR |
| D. | In-situ PCR |
| Answer» B. Circular PCR | |
| 39. |
Errors can be introduced because of many reasons such as polymerase error or because of heterogeneity. Which of the statement holds true? |
| A. | The error caused because of polymerase is biased for the first position in the codon |
| B. | The error caused because of polymerase is evenly distributed on all the positions in the codon |
| C. | The error caused by sequence heterogeneity is mainly because of first position in the codon |
| D. | The error caused by sequence heterogeneity is evenly distributed on all the codon positions |
| Answer» C. The error caused by sequence heterogeneity is mainly because of first position in the codon | |
| 40. |
Emulsion or droplet PCR is another modification of PCR. Which of the statement holds true? |
| A. | It is possible to incorporate the reagents in a lipid drop |
| B. | It refers to the PCR carried out at large scale |
| C. | The temperature variation is not possible easily |
| D. | If there is a single template molecule at the start then amplification results in the mixture and it because of the extent of extension carried out |
| Answer» B. It refers to the PCR carried out at large scale | |
| 41. |
An alternative to adding polymerase at later stage is __________ |
| A. | Make the polymerase inactive by binding it to an antibody |
| B. | Introduce the polymerase or Magnesium in clay beads |
| C. | Make the polymerase inactive by attaching groups which cause stearic inhindrance |
| D. | Introduction of polymerase or Magnesium in plastic wires |
| Answer» B. Introduce the polymerase or Magnesium in clay beads | |
| 42. |
During amplification, there are chances of having a product of a mixture of different sequences. There are various ways to detect it. Which of the statement is true in regard to it? |
| A. | Direct sequencing can’t be used in the case if the template DNA is heterozygous at the locus |
| B. | Direct sequencing can be used if the template DNA is heterozygous at the locus |
| C. | If cloning is done before sequencing, then it is detected via using only a single clone for sequencing |
| D. | In the case several recombinants are used, it can’t go undetected |
| Answer» C. If cloning is done before sequencing, then it is detected via using only a single clone for sequencing | |
| 43. |
If two successive PCR are carried out, it is called as __________ |
| A. | Touch-down PCR |
| B. | Hot-start PCR |
| C. | Combined PCR |
| D. | Nested PCR |
| Answer» E. | |
| 44. |
PCR amplification can be used for which type of samples? |
| A. | Old samples only |
| B. | Recent samples only |
| C. | Equally to both recent and old samples |
| D. | Recent samples are preferred but can be applied to old samples also |
| Answer» D. Recent samples are preferred but can be applied to old samples also | |
| 45. |
Which of the following is favoured for primer design? |
| A. | The melting temperature should be different for both the primers |
| B. | Primers should be long in length |
| C. | Primers should not be complementary to each other |
| D. | Matching should be of whole primer to the template |
| Answer» D. Matching should be of whole primer to the template | |
| 46. |
Which one of the following is not done if amplification of the non flanking region is carried out? |
| A. | Firstly, restriction enzyme digestion is done of those sites whose sequence is not known |
| B. | Then the self-ligation of molecules is allowed |
| C. | Now the molecules are cleaved where the known sequence is |
| D. | Again, the molecules are linearized and the known sequence is in the middle |
| Answer» E. | |
| 47. |
What is the correct statement with respect to ddNTPs? |
| A. | They are dideoxynucleotide triphosphates |
| B. | They are used in the termination of DNA sequencing |
| C. | They are used for initiating DNA sequencing |
| D. | They are used in the case if the starting amounts are large |
| Answer» C. They are used for initiating DNA sequencing | |
| 48. |
Which of the following conditions don’t contribute to wrong annealing to primer? |
| A. | Chance complementarity |
| B. | Conditions of annealing |
| C. | The original sequence of the primers |
| D. | Both the conditions of annealing and the original sequence don’t play any role |
| Answer» E. | |
| 49. |
Hot-start PCR is a modification of PCR. Which of the following is not corresponding to it? |
| A. | The basis is that extension is not started until the first cycle reaches its maximum temperature |
| B. | The polymerase is added after the first cycle has reached its maximum temperature or melting temperature |
| C. | It is satisfactory for small number of samples |
| D. | It leads to generation of non specific products |
| Answer» E. | |
| 50. |
Which type of PCR allows the use of permeabilized tissue? |
| A. | Inverse PCR |
| B. | In-situ PCR |
| C. | Quantitative PCR |
| D. | Hot-start PCR |
| Answer» C. Quantitative PCR | |