Explore topic-wise MCQs in Bioinformatics.

This section includes 8 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Bioinformatics knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Annotation is based on finding significant alignment to sequences of known function in database similarity searches.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
2.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Horizontal Gene Transfer?

A. The genomes of most organisms are derived by vertical transmission, the inheritance of chromosomes from parents to offspring from one generation to the next
B. It is the acquisition of genetic material from a different organism
C. The transferred material becomes a temporary addition to the recipient genome
D. An extreme example is the proposed endosymbiont origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells and chloroplasts in plants
Answer» D. An extreme example is the proposed endosymbiont origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells and chloroplasts in plants
Discussion
3.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Ancient Conserved Regions?

A. The method involves database similarity searches of the SwissProt database with human, worm, yeast, or E. coli genes and identification of matches with sequences from a different phylum than the query sequence
B. An analysis of ACRs that predate the radiation of the major animal phyla some 580 540 million years ago suggested that 50 60% of coding sequences are ACRs
C. These ACRs may represent proteins present at the time of the prokaryotic eukaryotic divergence
D. Phylogenetically diverse groups of organisms have been analyzed for the presence of conserved proteins and protein domains that have been conserved over long periods of evolutionary time, called ancient conserved regions or ACRs
Answer» C. These ACRs may represent proteins present at the time of the prokaryotic eukaryotic divergence
Discussion
4.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Family and Domain Analysis?

A. Gene identification of predicted proteins in the genome is designed to discover the metabolic features of an organism
B. In a particular organism or group of organisms, one particular domain can be expanded to perform a particular function
C. Comparison of the domain content of an entire proteome with that of another proteome cannot help in revealing the biological roles of diverse domains in different organisms
D. Different proteins are mosaics of domains that occur in different combinations in a given protein
Answer» C. Comparison of the domain content of an entire proteome with that of another proteome cannot help in revealing the biological roles of diverse domains in different organisms
Discussion
5.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Searching for orthologs to a protein family in an EST database?

A. Searches of EST databases for matches to a query sequence routinely produce minimal amounts of output that must be searched manually for significant hits
B. ESTs with a high percent identity with the query sequence, a long alignment with the query sequence, and a very low E value of the alignment score represent groups of paralogous and orthologous genes
C. To identify orthologs as the most closely related sequence, ESTs were aligned using the amino acid alignment as a guide
D. To identify orthologs as the most closely related sequence, a phylogenetic tree was produced by the maximum likelihood method
Answer» B. ESTs with a high percent identity with the query sequence, a long alignment with the query sequence, and a very low E value of the alignment score represent groups of paralogous and orthologous genes
Discussion
6.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about the Comparison of proteomes to EST databases of an organism?

A. ESTs are single DNA sequence reads that contain a small fraction of incorrect base assessments, insertions, and deletions
B. Many sequences arise from near the 5 end of the mRNA, although every effort is usually made to read as far 3 as possible into the upstream portion of the cDNA
C. EST libraries are useful for preliminary identification of genes by database similarity searches
D. An EST database of an organism can be analyzed for the presence of gene families,
E. northologs, and paralogs
Answer» C. EST libraries are useful for preliminary identification of genes by database similarity searches
Discussion
7.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Clusters of orthologous groups?

A. Using the protein from one of the organisms to search the proteome of the other for high-scoring matches should identify the ortholog as the highest- scoring match, or best hit
B. When entire proteomes of the two organisms are available, orthologs may be identified
C. a pair of orthologous genes in two organisms share so much sequence similarity that they may be assumed to have arisen from a common ancestor gene
D. each of the orthologs belongs to a family composed of paralogous sequences but irrelevant or not related to each other
Answer» E.
Discussion
8.

Which of the given statements is incorrect about Grouping Sequences?

A. The problem of deciding which sequences to include in the same group or cluster and which to separate into different groups or clusters is a recurring one
B. Divergence is necessary, but the sequences chosen should be clearly related based on inspection of each pair-wise alignment and a statistical analysis
C. The conservative approach is to group distinct sequences
D. The adventurous approach is to choose a set of marginally alignable sequences to pursue the difficult task of making a multiple sequence alignment and then to make profile models that may recognize divergence but will also give false predictions
Answer» D. The adventurous approach is to choose a set of marginally alignable sequences to pursue the difficult task of making a multiple sequence alignment and then to make profile models that may recognize divergence but will also give false predictions
Discussion