MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 129 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Genetic Engineering knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
A piece of DNA that is to be separated is crushed and soaked into the buffer. The majority of DNA diffuses, how can it be separated? |
| A. | Filtration and centrifugation |
| B. | Filtration or centrifugation |
| C. | Allowing to sediment |
| D. | By passing through a silica column |
| Answer» C. Allowing to sediment | |
| 2. |
Thermostable DNA polymerases are very important in PCR. How are they obtained? |
| A. | They are obtained by heating the bacteria manually over high temperatures |
| B. | They are isolated from extremely stable thermophilic bacteria which are often found growing in oceanic vents |
| C. | They are found everywhere in nature |
| D. | They are obtained by genetically modifying the E. coli bacteria with thermal stability property |
| Answer» C. They are found everywhere in nature | |
| 3. |
In the case of blunt-end ligation, blunt ends can be generated by ___________ |
| A. | simply the action of restriction endonuclease which gives straight ends |
| B. | the polishing of staggered ends |
| C. | both the action of restriction endonuclease which gives straight ends and polishing of staggered ends |
| D. | by the action of restriction endonuclease which gives staggered ends |
| Answer» D. by the action of restriction endonuclease which gives staggered ends | |
| 4. |
The DNA is labelled with fluorescent dyes in order to study the level of transcription. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 5. |
The E. coli DNA polymerase enzyme gives different domains with different activities on cleaving with protease subtilisin. Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the fragments generated? |
| A. | The smaller fragment is having C terminal and the larger fragment is having N terminal |
| B. | The smaller fragment is named as Klenow fragment and the intact molecule is called as Kornberg fragment |
| C. | The smaller fragment is having 5’-3’ exonuclease activity whereas the larger fragment is having 5’-3’ polymerase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activity |
| D. | Both the fragments are having 5’-3’ polymerase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activity |
| Answer» D. Both the fragments are having 5’-3’ polymerase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activity | |
| 6. |
Mobile genetic elements can be transferred from one DNA portion to another. The enzyme carrying out this is ____________ |
| A. | Ligase |
| B. | Transciptase |
| C. | Transposase |
| D. | Endonuclease |
| Answer» D. Endonuclease | |
| 7. |
Polymerase can be defined as ______________ |
| A. | an enzyme used to synthesize a new DNA or RNA strand on the basis of pre-existing strand or at times without a pre-existing strand |
| B. | an enzyme used for removal of nucleotides from the DNA or RNA strand |
| C. | an enzyme which can synthesize only a new DNA strand, not an RNA strand |
| D. | an enzyme which can synthesize either a new DNA or an RNA strand but only when a strand is there |
| Answer» B. an enzyme used for removal of nucleotides from the DNA or RNA strand | |
| 8. |
The DNA is sliced and is placed into the dialysis tube containing buffer. Further electrophoresis is performed. After it, the DNA moves out of the gel but is retained by buffer. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 9. |
How many methods are there for obtaining the plasmid DNA from the bacteria? |
| A. | 1 |
| B. | 2 |
| C. | 3 |
| D. | 4 |
| Answer» C. 3 | |
| 10. |
Which of the statements hold true for conjugation? |
| A. | Conjugation is the natural process of transferring DNA from one species to another |
| B. | It is the artificial process in case the cells are not able to take them up naturally |
| C. | The plasmids are transferred from one cell to another by physical contact |
| D. | The plasmids are transferred from one cell to another by chemical means |
| Answer» C. The plasmids are transferred from one cell to another by physical contact | |
| 11. |
Which polymerase can be used in conjunction with appropriate phage promoters in order to have high levels of specific transcription? |
| A. | RNA dependent DNA polymerase |
| B. | DNA dependent RNA polymerase |
| C. | RNA dependent RNA polymerase |
| D. | DNA dependent DNA polymerase |
| Answer» C. RNA dependent RNA polymerase | |
| 12. |
Which of the following statements is correct with respect to T4 DNA ligase? |
| A. | It can carry out only blunt ended ligations |
| B. | It doesn’t requires ATP |
| C. | It requires a phosphate group at 3’ end and a hydroxyl group at 5’ end for the molecule to be joined |
| D. | It is obtained from T4 bacteriophage upon infection by E. coli |
| Answer» E. | |
| 13. |
If only one bond is broken in the sugar-phosphate backbone, it is called as ___________ |
| A. | gap |
| B. | nick |
| C. | break |
| D. | leakage |
| Answer» C. break | |
| 14. |
If the DNA samples are to be analyzed, the membrane should be studied. Which of them is correct for it? |
| A. | The membrane should not be treated with UV or heat |
| B. | The membrane is further immersed in the buffer containing labelled nucleic acids which are known as strips |
| C. | Labelled nucleic acids bind to the sequences which are same as the sequences present on the membrane |
| D. | The binded sequences can be visualized by autoradiography |
| Answer» E. | |
| 15. |
Phage based recombination systems are used for ____________ |
| A. | cleaving the molecules at specific sites |
| B. | adding the molecules at specific sites |
| C. | breakage and rejoining the molecules at specific sites |
| D. | breakage at random sites |
| Answer» D. breakage at random sites | |
| 16. |
Plasmids can be classified into how many types depending on the genes present for their transformation? |
| A. | 1 |
| B. | 2 |
| C. | 3 |
| D. | 4 |
| Answer» C. 3 | |
| 17. |
What are the effects of increasing concentration of reaction components? |
| A. | It increases chances of ligation in both intramolecular and intermolecular reactions |
| B. | It increases chances of ligation only in intermolecular and no effect on intramolecular |
| C. | It decreases chances of ligation in intramolecular and increases in that of intermolecular |
| D. | It decreases chances of ligation in both types of reaction |
| Answer» C. It decreases chances of ligation in intramolecular and increases in that of intermolecular | |
| 18. |
How is phosphatase related to the ligation reactions? |
| A. | Phosphate group is not required for the ligation reaction to take place, thus phosphatase is helpful |
| B. | It is helpful in ceasing the unwanted ligation |
| C. | Phosphatases are not at all related to ligation reactions |
| D. | They act as a catalyst in case of the ligation reaction |
| Answer» C. Phosphatases are not at all related to ligation reactions | |
| 19. |
Transformation carried out using a particle gun is known as biolistic transformation. It falls under which category of transformation? |
| A. | Physical |
| B. | Chemical |
| C. | Electroporation |
| D. | Natural |
| Answer» B. Chemical | |
| 20. |
Which of the following activity is not possible in the case of DNA polymerase I? |
| A. | 3’-5’ exonuclease |
| B. | 5’-3’ exonuclease |
| C. | 5’-3’ DNA synthesis |
| D. | 3’-5’ DNA synthesis |
| Answer» E. | |
| 21. |
How can one end be protected from the action of Exonuclease III, so that the molecule is not shortened from both the ends? |
| A. | By using Phosphorothioate nucleotide analogue |
| B. | By making both the ends double stranded in nature |
| C. | By labelling one end with a radioactive compound |
| D. | By increasing the time of exposure of the DNA molecule to the enzyme |
| Answer» B. By making both the ends double stranded in nature | |
| 22. |
Proteins can be removed via treatment by? |
| A. | Phenol and chloroform treatment |
| B. | Treatment with sodium hydroxide |
| C. | Chloroform treatment alone |
| D. | Centrifuging |
| Answer» B. Treatment with sodium hydroxide | |
| 23. |
Bacteriophage lambda is having a phage recombination system. Following are the characteristics of this system ____________ |
| A. | It is used for inserting phage genome into the bacterium |
| B. | It is used for inserting bacterial genome into the phage |
| C. | The specific site in bacteria is attB and that in phage is attP |
| D. | The specific sites in both of them are called as attP |
| Answer» B. It is used for inserting bacterial genome into the phage | |
| 24. |
F plasmid is often used in conjugation. The correct statement is? |
| A. | The F plasmid encodes the factor which is transferred from one cell to another |
| B. | The factor encoded by the F plasmid is called as Filamentous (F) factor |
| C. | It is transferred from one cell to another by filament |
| D. | The bacteria must belong to same species to carry out the conjugation |
| Answer» B. The factor encoded by the F plasmid is called as Filamentous (F) factor | |
| 25. |
E. coli DNA ligase doesn’t require a cofactor. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be True or False | |
| 26. |
Ligation is defined as ______________ |
| A. | Alignment of only double stranded DNA molecules at the ends and the formation of phosphodiester bonds between both the strands |
| B. | Alignment of either of the double or single stranded DNA molecules and formation of glycosidic bonds between both the strands |
| C. | Alignment of either of the double or single stranded DNA molecules and the formation of phosphodiester bonds. The bond can be between either one or both the strands |
| D. | Alignment of single stranded DNA molecules and formation of glycosidic bonds between these strands |
| Answer» D. Alignment of single stranded DNA molecules and formation of glycosidic bonds between these strands | |
| 27. |
Oligonucleotides can’t be referred to ____________ |
| A. | undefined sequences |
| B. | sequences that can be used as PCR primers |
| C. | sequences that can be used in DNA sequencing |
| D. | sequences that can be used in identifying complementary DNA molecules |
| Answer» B. sequences that can be used as PCR primers | |
| 28. |
The sticky ends are held together by which type of bonds? |
| A. | Hydrogen bond |
| B. | Covalent bond |
| C. | Ionic bond |
| D. | Van-der-waal forces |
| Answer» B. Covalent bond | |
| 29. |
Often the DNA or RNA needs to be removed from the gel to the solid support. The process can be termed as ____________ |
| A. | Blotting |
| B. | Transfer |
| C. | Chromatography |
| D. | DNA purification |
| Answer» B. Transfer | |
| 30. |
Isolation of genomic DNA follows the same principles as that of obtaining plasmid from E. coli. Which of the following is not included in it? |
| A. | Cell lysis |
| B. | Removal of proteins |
| C. | Removal of chromosomal DNA |
| D. | Dissolving plasmid in water |
| Answer» E. | |
| 31. |
Topoisomerase is also an enzyme which is used for carrying out ligation. The correct statement for topoisomerase is? |
| A. | They act only on double stranded molecules |
| B. | They alter the degree of supercoiling of DNA molecules |
| C. | They are less effective than conventional DNA ligase |
| D. | There are three types of topoisomerases |
| Answer» C. They are less effective than conventional DNA ligase | |
| 32. |
The nucleic acid remaining in the solution can be precipitated by addition of sodium or ammonium acetate and ethanol. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 33. |
The recognition sequence of Sau3A is 5’ |GATC 3’ and that for DpnI is 5’ GA|TC 3’. Which of the statements is true? |
| A. | The ends created by both the enzymes are compatible |
| B. | The ends created by both the enzymes are not-compatible |
| C. | The ends created by DpnI are single stranded |
| D. | The ends created by Sau3A are single stranded |
| Answer» C. The ends created by DpnI are single stranded | |
| 34. |
The location of plasmid DNA can be visualized by addition of: |
| A. | bromophenol blue |
| B. | ethidium bromide |
| C. | ortho xylene |
| D. | texas red |
| Answer» C. ortho xylene | |
| 35. |
Which one of the following will travel fastest through the gel if the amount of DNA present is same in all? |
| A. | Circular |
| B. | Supercoiled |
| C. | Nicked |
| D. | Nicked |
| Answer» C. Nicked | |
| 36. |
Polyacrylamide gels are the other types of gels which are commonly used. Which of the following statement is not correct with respect to these types of gels? |
| A. | They are obtained via polymerization between acrylamide and bis-acrylamide |
| B. | The components added for initiating polymerization are ammonium persulphate and TEMED |
| C. | It is casted in horizontal and flat trays |
| D. | TEMED catalyses the formation of free radicals from persulphate ions which leads to initiation of cross-linking |
| Answer» D. TEMED catalyses the formation of free radicals from persulphate ions which leads to initiation of cross-linking | |
| 37. |
Gel matrices are generally of two types Agarose and Polyacrylamide. Which of the statements is correct with respect to agarose gels? |
| A. | Agarose is a polysaccharide which is obtained from red algae |
| B. | Agarose is a polysaccharide obtained from fungus |
| C. | It is composed of glucose residues |
| D. | It is obtained via dissolving in its water by boiling in water and then cooling it |
| Answer» B. Agarose is a polysaccharide obtained from fungus | |
| 38. |
In the case of electrophoresis of single stranded DNA or RNA, which type of gels are used? |
| A. | Renaturing |
| B. | Denaturing |
| C. | The routine agarose gel |
| D. | The routine polyacrylamide gel |
| Answer» C. The routine agarose gel | |
| 39. |
For a convenient transformation system, _____ can be used for gene silencing. |
| A. | antisense RNA |
| B. | transposon insertion |
| C. | either antisense RNA or transposon insertion |
| D. | transposon insertion followed by antisense RNA |
| Answer» B. transposon insertion | |
| 40. |
The term ‘endonuclease’ refers to cutting the DNA sequence from ______________ |
| A. | only within the polynucleotide chain, not at the ends |
| B. | the ends of the chain |
| C. | anywhere in the chain |
| D. | exactly in the middle of the chain |
| Answer» B. the ends of the chain | |
| 41. |
If a mutation perturbs the structure, then stability and folding are not affected. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't Say |
| Answer» C. May be True or False | |
| 42. |
If a putative protein sequence is cloned in an expression vector and the expressed protein is not showing protease activity, then which of the following is not correct? |
| A. | The protein is not protease |
| B. | The protein can be incorrectly folded which can block the protease activity |
| C. | There might be some other cofactor required for protease activity |
| D. | The most commonly used expression system is E.coli |
| Answer» B. The protein can be incorrectly folded which can block the protease activity | |
| 43. |
If a full proteomic analysis of growth medium is carried out and is combined with ____________ genome sequence, genes for other _____________ proteins are also obtained. |
| A. | partial, defensive |
| B. | partial, secreted |
| C. | complete, defensive |
| D. | complete, secreted |
| Answer» E. | |
| 44. |
For getting a large amount of proteins to crystallize, which of the following should be used as an expression system? |
| A. | Bacterial system |
| B. | Yeast systems |
| C. | Eukaryotic systems |
| D. | Both eukaryotic and bacterial systems can be used |
| Answer» E. | |
| 45. |
Blunt ends created by the restriction endonuclease can be joined. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be True or False |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 46. |
Even after replication, how the modified DNA remains protected? |
| A. | It remains protected because of conservative mode of replication |
| B. | It remains protected because of semi-conservative mode of replication |
| C. | The mode of replication has no role to play in the protection |
| D. | It is again modified after replication |
| Answer» C. The mode of replication has no role to play in the protection | |
| 47. |
The specificity of an enzyme is affected by the concentration of buffer used. This phenomenon is termed as: |
| A. | star activity |
| B. | specificity elevation |
| C. | concentration gradient effects |
| D. | diamond activity |
| Answer» B. specificity elevation | |
| 48. |
Why is DNase preferred over restriction endonuclease in some cases? |
| A. | DNase is preferred over restriction endonuclease in some cases because the latter are not able to recognize some of the restriction sites |
| B. | DNase is more specific as restriction endonuclease, so the required fragment is obtained |
| C. | DNase is less specific as compared to restriction endonuclease, hence there are more chances of representation of all the possible fragments |
| D. | DNase is abundant in comparison the restriction endonuclease |
| Answer» D. DNase is abundant in comparison the restriction endonuclease | |
| 49. |
If undefined sequences are immobilized, the set up is called ____________ |
| A. | Blot |
| B. | Microarray |
| C. | Plate |
| D. | DNA chip |
| Answer» E. | |
| 50. |
Which of the following is not suitable if the PCR product is non-specific? |
| A. | Adjusting the concentration of magnesium ions |
| B. | Increasing annealing temperature |
| C. | Using touchdown PCR |
| D. | Using inverse PCR |
| Answer» E. | |