MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 533 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Dairy Engineering knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 401. |
'Flagellum' in bacteria is part that helps in |
| A. | Digestion |
| B. | Movement |
| C. | Respiration |
| D. | Selection |
| Answer» C. Respiration | |
| 402. |
Process of formation of 'spores' in certain bacterias is termed as |
| A. | Sporulation |
| B. | Spore formation |
| C. | Resistant structure formation |
| D. | Capsules |
| Answer» B. Spore formation | |
| 403. |
The portion of the growth curve where a rapid growth of bacteria is observed is known as ____________ |
| A. | Lag phase |
| B. | Logarithmic phase |
| C. | Stationary phase |
| D. | Decline phase |
| Answer» C. Stationary phase | |
| 404. |
The common word for bacteria which are spherical in shape is |
| A. | cocci |
| B. | bacilli |
| C. | spirilla |
| D. | pleomorphic |
| Answer» B. bacilli | |
| 405. |
The isolation of gonorrhea-causing organism, Neisseria gonorrhoeae by the use of certain antibiotics in media is an example of which of the following? |
| A. | Selective media |
| B. | Differential media |
| C. | Enriched media |
| D. | Assay media |
| Answer» B. Differential media | |
| 406. |
Cyanobacteria have |
| A. | a gram-positive cell wall |
| B. | a gram-negative cell wall |
| C. | Neither (a) nor (b) |
| D. | No cell wall |
| Answer» C. Neither (a) nor (b) | |
| 407. |
The common word for bacteria which are straight rod in shape is |
| A. | cooci |
| B. | bacilli |
| C. | spirilla |
| D. | pleomorphic |
| Answer» C. spirilla | |
| 408. |
Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as |
| A. | monotrichous |
| B. | petritrichous |
| C. | amphitrichous |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 409. |
Teichoic acids are typically found in |
| A. | cell walls of gram positive bacteria |
| B. | outer membranes of gram positive bacteria |
| C. | cell walls of gram negative bacteria |
| D. | outer membranes of gram negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. outer membranes of gram positive bacteria | |
| 410. |
Which of the following is a Complex media for fungal growth? |
| A. | Nutrient broth |
| B. | Luria-Bertani media |
| C. | Potato Dextrose Agar(PDA) media |
| D. | Mac Conkey Agar media |
| Answer» D. Mac Conkey Agar media | |
| 411. |
'Peptidoglycan' is essential sugar present in bacterial |
| A. | Cytoplasm |
| B. | Cell wall |
| C. | Ribosome |
| D. | Nucleus |
| Answer» C. Ribosome | |
| 412. |
During exponential phase, growth rate is _______ |
| A. | same as generation time |
| B. | reciprocal of generation time |
| C. | time required for population to double |
| D. | rate of doubling population |
| Answer» C. time required for population to double | |
| 413. |
Microcapsules are composed of |
| A. | proteins |
| B. | polysaccharides |
| C. | lipids |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 414. |
Which of the following organism has sterols in their cytoplasmic membrane? |
| A. | Clostridum |
| B. | Proteus |
| C. | Mycoplasma |
| D. | Bacillius |
| Answer» D. Bacillius | |
| 415. |
The structure responsible for motility of bacteria is |
| A. | pilli |
| B. | flagella |
| C. | sheath |
| D. | capsules |
| Answer» C. sheath | |
| 416. |
The average size of the cells in the exponential phase is ___________ |
| A. | larger than the initial size |
| B. | smaller than the initial size |
| C. | equal to the initial size |
| D. | maybe smaller or larger than the initial size |
| Answer» C. equal to the initial size | |
| 417. |
The next to last step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis is |
| A. | synthesis of the NAM-peptide subunit |
| B. | removal of the subunit from bactoprenol |
| C. | linking the sugar of the disaccharide-peptide unit to the growing peptidoglycan chain |
| D. | cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan |
| Answer» D. cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan | |
| 418. |
The capsule of Klebsiella pneumoniae is composed of heteropolysaccharides. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 419. |
Which among the following acts as a transport protein for protons in flagellar motion? |
| A. | fli protein |
| B. | cGMP |
| C. | atp |
| D. | mot protein |
| Answer» E. | |
| 420. |
Prosthecae helps in __________ |
| A. | motility |
| B. | nutrient absorption and attachment to surfaces |
| C. | human infection |
| D. | protection from environment |
| Answer» C. human infection | |
| 421. |
The L Ring in a Gram-Negative bacterium flagella is associated with_________ |
| A. | Peptidogycan |
| B. | Outer Membrane |
| C. | Cytoplasmic Membrane |
| D. | Cell Membrane |
| Answer» C. Cytoplasmic Membrane | |
| 422. |
F pilus has a major role as___________ |
| A. | motility of the cell |
| B. | port of entry of genetic material during mating |
| C. | attachment to host cell |
| D. | human infection |
| Answer» C. attachment to host cell | |
| 423. |
Circular 'DNA' present in prokaryotes has molecular weight |
| A. | 2 x 10^7 |
| B. | 2 x 10^8 |
| C. | 2 x 10^10 |
| D. | 2 x 10^9 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 424. |
In human tissues, adherence of bacteria, ultimately causes infection to humans, is mediated by the |
| A. | Cell wall |
| B. | Sugars |
| C. | Capsule |
| D. | Flagella |
| Answer» D. Flagella | |
| 425. |
Attachment of 'staphylococci' to 'mucosal' cells is mediated by |
| A. | Sulphuric acid |
| B. | Teichoic acid |
| C. | Polysaccharides |
| D. | Lipopolysaccharides |
| Answer» C. Polysaccharides | |
| 426. |
β lactamase is 'enzyme' that is present in |
| A. | Cytoplasm |
| B. | Cytosol |
| C. | Ribosome |
| D. | Periplasma |
| Answer» E. | |
| 427. |
Porins are located in |
| A. | the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria |
| B. | the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria |
| C. | the cytoplasmic membrane of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria |
| D. | the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria | |
| 428. |
In which of the following phase secondary metabolites are produced during growth? |
| A. | Lag phase |
| B. | Log/Exponential phase |
| C. | Stationary phase |
| D. | Death phase |
| Answer» D. Death phase | |
| 429. |
When septum formation occurs near the pole of cell then it results in the formation of daughter cell known as _________ |
| A. | microcell |
| B. | macrocell |
| C. | minicell |
| D. | daughter cell |
| Answer» D. daughter cell | |
| 430. |
Which of the following has Chinese letter arrangement? |
| A. | Bacillus anthracis |
| B. | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| C. | Clostridium tetani |
| D. | Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| Answer» E. | |
| 431. |
The cocci which forms a bunch and irregular pattern are |
| A. | Staphylococci |
| B. | diplococci |
| C. | Tetracocci |
| D. | Streptococci |
| Answer» B. diplococci | |
| 432. |
Which phase shows reproduction rate equal to the equivalent death rate? |
| A. | Log phase |
| B. | Stationary phase |
| C. | Death phase |
| D. | Lag phase |
| Answer» C. Death phase | |
| 433. |
Which of the following is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium? |
| A. | O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) |
| B. | Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) |
| C. | Braun lipoprotein |
| D. | Electron transport system components |
| Answer» B. Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) | |
| 434. |
A 'polysaccharide' that helps bacteria in adherence to surface is named as |
| A. | Granule |
| B. | Glycocalyx |
| C. | Mesosome |
| D. | Nucleoid |
| Answer» C. Mesosome | |
| 435. |
The GasPak system is suitable for which of the following? |
| A. | Aerobic bacteria |
| B. | Anaerobic bacteria |
| C. | Facultatively anaerobic bacteria |
| D. | Microaerophilic bacteria |
| Answer» C. Facultatively anaerobic bacteria | |
| 436. |
The cell walls of many gram positive bacteria can be easily destroyed by the enzyme known as |
| A. | lipase |
| B. | lysozyme |
| C. | pectinase |
| D. | peroxidase |
| Answer» C. pectinase | |
| 437. |
Gap between outer membrane and plasma membrane is named as |
| A. | Mesoderm |
| B. | Metaderm |
| C. | Plasma |
| D. | Periplasma |
| Answer» E. | |
| 438. |
A single polar flagella is known as |
| A. | monotrichous |
| B. | lophotrichous |
| C. | amphitrichous |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. lophotrichous | |
| 439. |
Chemotaxis is a phenomenon of |
| A. | swimming away of bacteria |
| B. | swimming towards a bacteria |
| C. | swimming away or towards of bacteria in presence of chemical compound |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 440. |
Bacteria with less than a complete twist or comma shaped is known as? |
| A. | spirilla |
| B. | helical |
| C. | vibrioid |
| D. | spirochetes |
| Answer» D. spirochetes | |
| 441. |
Which of the following are functions of stalk? |
| A. | nutrient absorption |
| B. | motility |
| C. | attachment of the cells to surfaces |
| D. | human infection |
| Answer» D. human infection | |
| 442. |
Bacteria having cluster of flagella at both poles of cells are known as? |
| A. | Lophotrichous |
| B. | Peritrichous |
| C. | Amphitrichous |
| D. | Monotrichous |
| Answer» D. Monotrichous | |
| 443. |
Surface area/volume ratio of bacteria is exceedingly low compared to the same ratio for larger organisms of similar shape. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be | |
| 444. |
Salmonella typhi has which type of flagella arrangement? |
| A. | Amphitrichous |
| B. | Peritrichous |
| C. | Monotrichous |
| D. | Lophotrichous |
| Answer» C. Monotrichous | |
| 445. |
The common word for bacteria which are helically curved rods is |
| A. | cooci |
| B. | pleomorphic |
| C. | bacillus |
| D. | spirilla |
| Answer» E. | |
| 446. |
Streptomyces sp. show the budding mode of reproduction. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be | |
| 447. |
Nutrient broth, a liquid media contains beef extract and peptone respectively in how much amounts? |
| A. | 0.2%, 0.4% |
| B. | 0.1%, 0.6% |
| C. | 0.3%, 0.5% |
| D. | 0.7%, 0.3% |
| Answer» D. 0.7%, 0.3% | |
| 448. |
Flagella move the cell by |
| A. | many flagella beating in a synchronous, whip-like motion |
| B. | an individual flagellum beating in a whip-like motion |
| C. | spinning like a propeller |
| D. | attaching to nearby particles and contracting |
| Answer» D. attaching to nearby particles and contracting | |
| 449. |
'Bacilli' is term used for |
| A. | Round bacteria |
| B. | Spiral bacteria |
| C. | Rod shaped bacteria |
| D. | Cluster shaped bacteria |
| Answer» D. Cluster shaped bacteria | |
| 450. |
The temperature that allows for most rapid growth during a short period of time is known as __________ |
| A. | Minimum Temperature |
| B. | Maximum Temperature |
| C. | Optimum Temperature |
| D. | Growth Temperature |
| Answer» D. Growth Temperature | |