MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 533 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Dairy Engineering knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 451. |
The cell walls of Gram positive bacteria contain two modified sugar, viz. N- acetylgucosamine (NAG) and N- acetylmuramic acid (NAM). They are covalently linked by |
| A. | α- 1,4-glycosidic bond |
| B. | β-1,6-glycosidic bond |
| C. | α- 1,6-glycosidic bond |
| D. | β- 1,4-glycosidic bond |
| Answer» E. | |
| 452. |
The growth of bacterial population follows a geometric progression. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 453. |
Genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in |
| A. | nucleoid |
| B. | chromatin |
| C. | nuclear material |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 454. |
The generation time for E.coli is ________ |
| A. | 20 minutes |
| B. | 35 minutes |
| C. | 2 minutes |
| D. | 13 minutes |
| Answer» B. 35 minutes | |
| 455. |
Rhodopseudomonas acidophila reproduces by which of the following methods? |
| A. | Binary fission |
| B. | Budding |
| C. | Fragmentation |
| D. | Sporulation |
| Answer» C. Fragmentation | |
| 456. |
Which of the following bacterial species divides by fragmentation? |
| A. | Bacillus subtilis |
| B. | Streptococcus faecalis |
| C. | Rhodopseudomonas acidophila |
| D. | Nocardia sp. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 457. |
The location where the bacterial chromosome concentrates is called |
| A. | nucleus |
| B. | nuclein |
| C. | nucleoid |
| D. | nucleose |
| Answer» D. nucleose | |
| 458. |
The arrangement, in which flagella are distributed all round the bacterial cell, is known as |
| A. | lophotrichous |
| B. | amphitrichous |
| C. | peritrichous |
| D. | monotrichous |
| Answer» D. monotrichous | |
| 459. |
In many clinical laboratories, swelling phenomena, helps in identification of certain organism, named as |
| A. | Quelling reaction |
| B. | Swelling |
| C. | Identification |
| D. | Pathology |
| Answer» B. Swelling | |
| 460. |
Which of the following bacterial genera (that produces endospore) have medical importance? |
| A. | Clostridium |
| B. | Bacillus |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 461. |
Which of the following does not occur during binary fission in bacteria? |
| A. | Cell elongation |
| B. | Cytokinesis |
| C. | DNA duplication |
| D. | Spindle formation |
| Answer» E. | |
| 462. |
Which of the following is a characteristic of beef extract? |
| A. | product resulting from the digestion of proteinaceous materials |
| B. | aqueous extract of lean beef tissue |
| C. | aqueous extract of yeast cells |
| D. | complex carbohydrate obtained from certain marine algae |
| Answer» C. aqueous extract of yeast cells | |
| 463. |
Which of the following bacteria can grow both as chemolithotrophs or as chemoorganotrophs? |
| A. | Nitrosomonas sp. |
| B. | Pseudomonas pseudoflava |
| C. | Rhodospirillum rubrum |
| D. | Chromatium okenii |
| Answer» C. Rhodospirillum rubrum | |
| 464. |
Red extreme halophiles”, are members of the archaebacterial which cannot grow with less than 12 to 15 percent NaCl. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 465. |
Chromatium okenii uses which of the following compound as electron donor? |
| A. | Hydrogen sulphide |
| B. | Fatty acids |
| C. | Alcohol |
| D. | Succinate |
| Answer» B. Fatty acids | |
| 466. |
Which of the following are functions of water in the culture medium? |
| A. | nutrients must be in aqueous solution |
| B. | cofactor of enzymes |
| C. | provides resistance to sudden transient temperature changes |
| D. | it is a chemical reactant, nutrients must also be present in aqueous solution and provides resistance to sudden temperature changes. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 467. |
The outer membarane of the Gram-negative cell wall is anchored to the underlying peptidoglycan by means of which of the following? |
| A. | Braun’s Lipoprotein |
| B. | Phospholipids |
| C. | Proteins |
| D. | Lipopolysaccharide |
| Answer» B. Phospholipids | |
| 468. |
Cord factor is a ___________ |
| A. | protein |
| B. | teichoic acid derivative |
| C. | mycolic acid derivative |
| D. | carbohydrate |
| Answer» D. carbohydrate | |
| 469. |
Porins are special proteins act as channels in outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 470. |
Which among the following acts as receptors for bacteriophage attachment in Gram-negative bacteria? |
| A. | Cilia |
| B. | O antigens |
| C. | Lipid A |
| D. | Teichoic acid |
| Answer» C. Lipid A | |
| 471. |
NAG and NAM of peptidoglycan layer is linked by _________ |
| A. | beta-(1,4) glycosidic linkage |
| B. | alpha-(1,4) glycosidic linkage |
| C. | alpha-(1,6) glycosidic linkage |
| D. | beta-(1,6) glycosidic linkage |
| Answer» B. alpha-(1,4) glycosidic linkage | |
| 472. |
Which among the following is associated with export of exocellular enzymes? |
| A. | central mesosomes |
| B. | peripheral mesosomes |
| C. | thylakoids |
| D. | nucleus |
| Answer» C. thylakoids | |
| 473. |
Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) present in aerobic bacteria can serve as? |
| A. | a reserve carbon and energy source |
| B. | a reserve source of phosphate |
| C. | acceptor of oxygen |
| D. | provides buoyancy |
| Answer» B. a reserve source of phosphate | |
| 474. |
Ribosomes of prokaryotes have a sedimentation coefficient of? |
| A. | 90S |
| B. | 80S |
| C. | 50S |
| D. | 70S |
| Answer» E. | |
| 475. |
The nucleoid can be made visible under the light microscope by _________ |
| A. | Methylene blue |
| B. | Iodine |
| C. | Nile blue |
| D. | Feulgen staining |
| Answer» E. | |
| 476. |
Which among the following compound when added to cytoplasmic membrane helps in maintaining the rigidity of cell? |
| A. | lipopolysaccharide |
| B. | hopanoid |
| C. | phosphoglycerides |
| D. | amino acids |
| Answer» C. phosphoglycerides | |
| 477. |
Peptidoglycan is made up of __________ |
| A. | N-acetylglucosamine |
| B. | N-acetylmuramic acid |
| C. | N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmuramic acid |
| D. | N-acetylglucosamine,N-acetylmuramic acid,amino acids |
| Answer» E. | |
| 478. |
Teichoic acid present in Gram-positive bacteria can bind to which ion? |
| A. | Fe ions |
| B. | Phosphorus ions |
| C. | Mg ions |
| D. | Sulphur ions |
| Answer» D. Sulphur ions | |
| 479. |
Peptidoglycan layer is present in large quantity in? |
| A. | Gram-positive bacteria |
| B. | Gram-negative bacteria |
| C. | Fungi |
| D. | Algae |
| Answer» B. Gram-negative bacteria | |
| 480. |
When a bacteria swim towards a chemical, it is termed as__________ |
| A. | positive chemotaxis |
| B. | phototaxis |
| C. | negative chemotaxis |
| D. | magnetotaxis |
| Answer» B. phototaxis | |
| 481. |
Which type of force drives the flagellar motion? |
| A. | Protonmotive force |
| B. | ATP driven |
| C. | Protonmotive and ATP driven |
| D. | No protonmotive nor ATP driven |
| Answer» B. ATP driven | |
| 482. |
Cytoplasmic membrane and the cell material bounded by it plus the outer membrane of cell is known as _________ |
| A. | Protoplast |
| B. | Cytoplast |
| C. | Spheroplast |
| D. | Cell membrane |
| Answer» D. Cell membrane | |
| 483. |
Which of the following are present in teichoic acids? |
| A. | ribitol residues |
| B. | glycerol residues |
| C. | glucose residues |
| D. | ribitol or glycerol residues |
| Answer» E. | |
| 484. |
Polyisoprenoid branched-chain lipids, are present in which of the following? |
| A. | Archaebacteria |
| B. | Eubacteria |
| C. | Archaebacteria and Eubacteria |
| D. | Cannot be determined |
| Answer» B. Eubacteria | |
| 485. |
Bayer’s junctions are sites which help in joining which of the following? |
| A. | cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane |
| B. | outer membrane and capsule |
| C. | cytoplasmic membrane and periplasmic space |
| D. | peptidoglycan layer and cytoplasmic membrane |
| Answer» B. outer membrane and capsule | |
| 486. |
Which of the following is nutritional characterization of Escherichia coli? |
| A. | Chemotrophic |
| B. | Organotrophic |
| C. | Autotrophic |
| D. | Chemotrophic, Organotrophic, Heterotrophic |
| Answer» E. | |
| 487. |
Which of the following amino acids require sulphur for their synthesis? |
| A. | tryptophan |
| B. | methionine |
| C. | cystine |
| D. | methionine and cystine |
| Answer» E. | |
| 488. |
Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics due to the presence of? |
| A. | Thin peptidoglycan wall |
| B. | Outer lipopolysaccharide layer |
| C. | Porin proteins |
| D. | Teichoic acid |
| Answer» C. Porin proteins | |
| 489. |
Which of the following are trace elements? |
| A. | Potassium ion |
| B. | Sodium ion |
| C. | Copper ion |
| D. | Magnesium ion |
| Answer» D. Magnesium ion | |
| 490. |
Phosphorus is essential component of __________ |
| A. | teichoic acid |
| B. | nucleotides |
| C. | phospholipids |
| D. | teichoic acid, nucleotides, phospholipids |
| Answer» E. | |
| 491. |
Which of the following ions are cofactors for various enzymes? |
| A. | Potassium ion |
| B. | Iron ion |
| C. | Magnesium ion and Iron ion |
| D. | Calcium ion |
| Answer» D. Calcium ion | |
| 492. |
The organisms which can use reduced inorganic compounds as electron donors are known as _________ |
| A. | chemotrophs |
| B. | organotrophs |
| C. | lithotrophs |
| D. | phototrophs |
| Answer» D. phototrophs | |
| 493. |
Which of the following are true for cytoplasmic membrane? |
| A. | hydrophilic barrier |
| B. | hydrophobic barrier |
| C. | site of generation of protonmotive force |
| D. | hydrophobic barrier and site of generation of protonmotive force |
| Answer» E. | |
| 494. |
Which of the following methods can be utilized for removing peripheral proteins of the cytoplasmic membrane? |
| A. | treatment by detergents |
| B. | osmotic shock |
| C. | heat application |
| D. | destruction of the membrane |
| Answer» C. heat application | |
| 495. |
Cysts also have high heat resistance like endospores. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| C. | May be |
| D. | Can't say |
| Answer» C. May be | |
| 496. |
What helps in the heat resistance of endospore? |
| A. | calcium-DPA complex |
| B. | water |
| C. | methylene |
| D. | calcium |
| Answer» B. water | |
| 497. |
In the classification of bacteria according to shape,which among the following refer to cuboidal arrangement of bacterial cells? |
| A. | Tetrads |
| B. | Staphylococci |
| C. | Sarcinae |
| D. | Streptococci |
| Answer» D. Streptococci | |
| 498. |
Which among the following are “Spirochetes”? |
| A. | Spirillum volutans |
| B. | Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| C. | Streptomyces sp. |
| D. | Treponema pallidum |
| Answer» E. | |
| 499. |
Which group of bacteria among the following have the largest area of contact? |
| A. | Palisades |
| B. | Trichomes |
| C. | Streptobacilli |
| D. | Diplobacilli |
| Answer» C. Streptobacilli | |
| 500. |
When rod shaped bacteria appears in pairs,it is known as? |
| A. | Diplobacilli |
| B. | Streptobacilli |
| C. | Diplococci |
| D. | Staphylococci |
| Answer» B. Streptobacilli | |