1349 + Mcqs in Psychology Page 1 McqOptions

1.	When making the “attribution error,” we tend to overestimate the importance of __________in judging the behavior of others.
A.	Personal factors
B.	Situational factors
C.	Intelligence
D.	Motivation
Answer» B. Situational factors

Discussion

2.	Attribution theory concerns our tendency to explain our behavior and that of others
A.	By external causes rather than internal causes
B.	By inferring causes on the basis of internal or external factors
C.	By internal rather than external causes
D.	Based on personality factors.
Answer» C. By internal rather than external causes

Discussion

3.	According to the text, people are likely to help when
A.	Other people are around
B.	They feel happy
C.	They are depressed
D.	They are well educated
Answer» C. They are depressed

Discussion

4.	The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one’s close relatives to enhance thesurvival of mutually shared genes is
A.	Evolutionary altruism
B.	Kin selection
C.	The close relatives effect
D.	The mutually shared genes effect
Answer» C. The close relatives effect

Discussion

5.	A motive to increase one’s own welfare is
A.	The illusion of control effect
B.	Achievement motivation
C.	Self-efficacy
D.	Egoism
Answer» E.

Discussion

6.	The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one’s rewards is
A.	Social-exchange theory
B.	Social-interaction theory
C.	Reciprocity theory
D.	Social norms theory
Answer» B. Social-interaction theory

Discussion

7.	A motive to increase another’s welfare without conscious regard for one’s self-interests is
A.	Empathy
B.	Reciprocity
C.	Altruism
D.	Personality trait
Answer» D. Personality trait

Discussion

8.	The presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits is the
A.	Attractiveness effect
B.	Physical-attractiveness stereotype
C.	Reciprocity effect
D.	Matching phenomenon
Answer» C. Reciprocity effect

Discussion

9.	Opposites attract is an aspect of the
A.	Matching phenomenon
B.	Reward theory of attraction
C.	Complementary hypothesis
D.	The ingratiation effect
Answer» D. The ingratiation effect

Discussion

10.	The tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are similar in attractivenessand other traits is
A.	The partner effect
B.	The attractiveness effect
C.	Similarity phenomenon
D.	Matching phenomenon
Answer» E.

Discussion

11.	Which of the following is supported by research on social attraction?
A.	Distance makes the heart fonder.
B.	Beauty and brains are equal
C.	Opposites
D.	Familiarity produces fondness
Answer» E.

Discussion

12.	The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more after the rater has repeatedly exposed to them is
A.	The novel stimuli effect
B.	The mere-exposure effect
C.	The repeated exposure effect
D.	The nonsense effect
Answer» C. The repeated exposure effect

Discussion

13.	According to the text, geographical nearness is
A.	Closeness
B.	Nearness
C.	Proximity
D.	Immediacy
Answer» D. Immediacy

Discussion

14.	What factor does not initiate attraction?
A.	Long distance
B.	Physical attractiveness
C.	Similarity
D.	Feeling liked
Answer» B. Physical attractiveness

Discussion

15.	Sociologists tend to study behavior at the __________ level, whereas the social psychologistsstudy behavior at the __________ level.
A.	Interpersonal; cultural
B.	Specific; general
C.	Social; cognitive
D.	Group; individual
Answer» E.

Discussion

16.	Which of the following is least characteristic of research in social psychology between the1930s and 1950s?
A.	The use of experimentation in research
B.	An emphasis on the application of social psychology to practical concerns
C.	An integration of social and cognitive processes that determine behavior
D.	Attention to the topics of conformity and prejudice
Answer» D. Attention to the topics of conformity and prejudice

Discussion

17.	Relative to individuals with low self-esteem, individuals with high self-esteem are
A.	Less likely to benefit from social comparisons.
B.	More likely to react to rejection violently
C.	More likely to have realistic appraisals of themselves
D.	More likely to engage in self-handicapping.
Answer» C. More likely to have realistic appraisals of themselves

Discussion

18.	Scientific research in social psychology began around the end of the
A.	1600’s
B.	1700’s
C.	1800’s
D.	1900’s
Answer» D. 1900’s

Discussion

19.	Knowing that another person likes us might increase our attraction to them via
A.	Social comparison.
B.	Social cognition
C.	A self-fulfilling prophecy
D.	Mere exposure
Answer» D. Mere exposure

Discussion

20.	The way in which we compare ourselves to others in order to provide our attitudes and behaviorwith validity is known as:
A.	Social competition.
B.	Social comparison
C.	A self-fulfilling prophecy
D.	An evolutionary explanation
Answer» C. A self-fulfilling prophecy

Discussion

21.	The idea of complementarity suggests that a perceiver may find someone who is powerfulattractive because __________. The most appropriate blanks are
A.	They are weak
B.	They are not powerful
C.	Powerful people are always attractive
D.	None of the above.
Answer» C. Powerful people are always attractive

Discussion

22.	The matching hypothesis says that couples who are matched in terms of __________ will bebetter suited to one another
A.	Attractiveness
B.	Intelligence
C.	Hobbies and interests
D.	Number of other friends
Answer» B. Intelligence

Discussion

23.	People generally prefer other people whose faces are
A.	Asymmetric.
B.	Symmetric
C.	Small
D.	Oval
Answer» C. Small

Discussion

24.	The idea that our need for affiliation is satisfied by aligning our desire for privacy with ouractual level of contact is outlined by the
A.	Dialectic principle
B.	Optimization principle
C.	Privacy regulation theory
D.	Social affiliation model
Answer» D. Social affiliation model

Discussion

25.	The term that describes our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in relation to other individuals is
A.	Intergroup relations.
B.	Interpersonal relation
C.	Affiliation
D.	Attraction
Answer» C. Affiliation

Discussion

26.	A perceiver is more likely to feel empathy when the victim is
A.	Similar to them
B.	Female
C.	Crying
D.	Stupid
Answer» B. Female

Discussion

27.	The state of arousal that is victim-focused, involving feelings of sympathy and compassion forthe sufferer, is known as
A.	Reciprocity.
B.	Empathic concern.
C.	Personal distress.
D.	Altruism.
Answer» C. Personal distress.

Discussion

28.	When an individual observes another person in an emergency and actively decides to help thatperson, this is known as
A.	Bystander apathy.
B.	Bystander intervention.
C.	Diffusion of responsibility.
D.	Audience inhibition
Answer» C. Diffusion of responsibility.

Discussion

29.	In general __________ moods __________ helping behavior. The most appropriate blanks are
A.	Good, decrease.
B.	Bad, increase.
C.	Bad, decrease.
D.	Good, don’t influence.
Answer» D. Good, don’t influence.

Discussion

30.	Which of the following people are less likely to help?
A.	Those with an altruistic personality.
B.	Those with an internal locus of control.
C.	Those with high dispositional empathy.
D.	Those who are low in social responsibility.
Answer» E.

Discussion

31.	The idea that if we empathise with someone in need we are more likely to help them is knownas
A.	The helping oneself hypothesis.
B.	Egotistic helping
C.	The affect-priming model.
D.	The empathy-altruism hypothesis.
Answer» E.

Discussion

32.	The failure to act in an emergency due to concern over what other people will think of you and/or because you think the situation isn’t an emergency because no-one else is reacting is knownas
A.	Audience inhibition.
B.	Diffusion of responsibility.
C.	The bystander calculus model.
D.	Costs of helping.
Answer» B. Diffusion of responsibility.

Discussion

33.	The belief people have that the world is a fair place where good things happen to good peopleand bad things happen to bad people leads perceivers to be:
A.	More likely to help others.
B.	Less likely to help others.
C.	More likely to help those who are not responsible for their situation.
D.	None of the above.
Answer» D. None of the above.

Discussion

34.	Which of the following normative beliefs provides an explanation for why we have a tendencyto help others?
A.	Social responsibility.
B.	Diffusion of responsibility.
C.	Audience inhibition.
D.	Bystander apathy.
Answer» B. Diffusion of responsibility.

Discussion

35.	Helping behavior:
A.	Is defined as behavior that only benefits others and does not benefit the self
B.	Includes actions that only benefit the self
C.	Includes actions that benefit others and the self in the same instance.
D.	None of the above.
Answer» D. None of the above.

Discussion

36.	Behavior that is valued by others in a particular culture is known as:
A.	Prosocial behavior.
B.	Helping behavior.
C.	Altruism.
D.	None of the above.
Answer» B. Helping behavior.

Discussion

37.	__________ __________ describes the belief that two variables are associated with one anotherwhen in fact there is a little or no actual association. The appropriate blanks are
A.	Illusory correlation.
B.	Illuminated correlation.
C.	Correlated categories.
D.	Shared distinctiveness.
Answer» B. Illuminated correlation.

Discussion

38.	The tendency to exaggerate how common one’s own opinions are in the general population isknown as
A.	The availability heuristic.
B.	The representativeness heuristic.
C.	The false-consensus effect.
D.	The actor-observer bias.
Answer» D. The actor-observer bias.

Discussion

39.	The process of understanding what something is by knowing what other things it is equivalentto, and what other things it is different from” describes the process of
A.	Individuation.
B.	Categorization.
C.	Illusory correlation.
D.	Differentiation.
Answer» C. Illusory correlation.

Discussion

40.	The tendency to judge the frequency or probability of an event in terms of how easy it is tothink of examples of that event is known as
A.	The availability heuristic.
B.	The representativeness heuristic.
C.	The false-consensus effect.
D.	The actor-observer bias.
Answer» B. The representativeness heuristic.

Discussion

41.	They are time-saving mental shortcuts that reduce complex judgements to simple rules of thumb. They are quick and easy, but can result in biased information processing. They are known as
A.	Biases.
B.	Heuristics.
C.	Errors.
D.	None of the above.
Answer» C. Errors.

Discussion

42.	There is a perspective in social cognition that suggest that perceives are reluctant to expendcognitive resources and look for any opportunity to avoid doing so. This perspective is known as
A.	The cognitive miser perspective.
B.	The motivated tactician perspective.
C.	The native scientist perspective.
D.	None of the above.
Answer» B. The motivated tactician perspective.

Discussion

43.	According to the self-serving attribution bias, when you have just failed a test you are mostlikely to make what kind of attribution?
A.	Internal.
B.	External.
C.	Either internal or external are equality likely.
D.	Not make any attribution.
Answer» C. Either internal or external are equality likely.

Discussion

44.	The actor observer-bias states that we are more likely to make __________ attributions or ourown behavior and __________ attributions for someone else’s behavior. The appropriate blanks are
A.	Internal, internal.
B.	Internal, external.
C.	External, internal.
D.	External, external.
Answer» D. External, external.

Discussion

45.	Jones and Davis suggest that we arrive at a correspondent inference by processing three kinds ofinformation. Which of the following is not one of the three they suggest
A.	Multiple instances.
B.	Social desirability.
C.	Choice.
D.	Non-common effects.
Answer» B. Social desirability.

Discussion

46.	The fundamental attribution error is thought to occur due to
A.	Familiarity.
B.	Perceptual salience.
C.	Conformity.
D.	Diffusion of responsibility.
Answer» C. Conformity.

Discussion

47.	The advantages of the co-variation model compared to correspondent inference theory are that it can account for __________ instances of behavior and that it can explain __________ attributions aswell. The appropriate blanks are
A.	Single, internal.
B.	Single, external.
C.	Multiple, internal.
D.	Multiple, external.
Answer» E.

Discussion

48.	People would be less likely to help a man who fainted in a busy shopping mall, but more likelyto help a man who fainted small convenience store. This behavior explains
A.	Bystander effect.
B.	Cognitive dissonance theory.
C.	Reciprocity norm.
D.	Social comparison
Answer» B. Cognitive dissonance theory.

Discussion

49.	The idea that we will protect our self-esteem by attempting to justify past behavior leads to theprediction that
A.	We will attempt to gather accurate information about our social world.
B.	Expectations about the behavior of others can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.
C.	We will appreciate things that were easy to achieve over things that were difficult.
D.	Choosing to go through an unpleasant experience will lead us to value the outcomes of that experience.
Answer» E.

Discussion

50.	Social psychologists and personality psychologists differ in that
A.	Social psychologists use scientific experimentation while personality psychologists do not.
B.	Social psychologists believe that individual differences do not contribute to behavior.
C.	Social psychologists focus on the power of the situation to shape behavior.
D.	Personality psychologists believe that the situation does not influence behavior.
Answer» D. Personality psychologists believe that the situation does not influence behavior.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in 12th.

When making the “attribution error,” we tend to overestimate the importance of __________in judging the behavior of others.

Attribution theory concerns our tendency to explain our behavior and that of others

According to the text, people are likely to help when

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one’s close relatives to enhance thesurvival of mutually shared genes is

A motive to increase one’s own welfare is

The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one’s rewards is

A motive to increase another’s welfare without conscious regard for one’s self-interests is

The presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits is the

Opposites attract is an aspect of the

The tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are similar in attractivenessand other traits is

Which of the following is supported by research on social attraction?

The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more after the rater has repeatedly exposed to them is

According to the text, geographical nearness is

What factor does not initiate attraction?

Sociologists tend to study behavior at the __________ level, whereas the social psychologistsstudy behavior at the __________ level.

Which of the following is least characteristic of research in social psychology between the1930s and 1950s?

Relative to individuals with low self-esteem, individuals with high self-esteem are

Scientific research in social psychology began around the end of the

Knowing that another person likes us might increase our attraction to them via

The way in which we compare ourselves to others in order to provide our attitudes and behaviorwith validity is known as:

The idea of complementarity suggests that a perceiver may find someone who is powerfulattractive because __________. The most appropriate blanks are

The matching hypothesis says that couples who are matched in terms of __________ will bebetter suited to one another

People generally prefer other people whose faces are

The idea that our need for affiliation is satisfied by aligning our desire for privacy with ouractual level of contact is outlined by the

The term that describes our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in relation to other individuals is

A perceiver is more likely to feel empathy when the victim is

The state of arousal that is victim-focused, involving feelings of sympathy and compassion forthe sufferer, is known as

When an individual observes another person in an emergency and actively decides to help thatperson, this is known as

In general __________ moods __________ helping behavior. The most appropriate blanks are

Which of the following people are less likely to help?

The idea that if we empathise with someone in need we are more likely to help them is knownas

The failure to act in an emergency due to concern over what other people will think of you and/or because you think the situation isn’t an emergency because no-one else is reacting is knownas

The belief people have that the world is a fair place where good things happen to good peopleand bad things happen to bad people leads perceivers to be:

Which of the following normative beliefs provides an explanation for why we have a tendencyto help others?

Helping behavior:

Behavior that is valued by others in a particular culture is known as:

__________ __________ describes the belief that two variables are associated with one anotherwhen in fact there is a little or no actual association. The appropriate blanks are

The tendency to exaggerate how common one’s own opinions are in the general population isknown as

The process of understanding what something is by knowing what other things it is equivalentto, and what other things it is different from” describes the process of

The tendency to judge the frequency or probability of an event in terms of how easy it is tothink of examples of that event is known as

They are time-saving mental shortcuts that reduce complex judgements to simple rules of thumb. They are quick and easy, but can result in biased information processing. They are known as

There is a perspective in social cognition that suggest that perceives are reluctant to expendcognitive resources and look for any opportunity to avoid doing so. This perspective is known as

According to the self-serving attribution bias, when you have just failed a test you are mostlikely to make what kind of attribution?

The actor observer-bias states that we are more likely to make __________ attributions or ourown behavior and __________ attributions for someone else’s behavior. The appropriate blanks are

Jones and Davis suggest that we arrive at a correspondent inference by processing three kinds ofinformation. Which of the following is not one of the three they suggest

The fundamental attribution error is thought to occur due to

The advantages of the co-variation model compared to correspondent inference theory are that it can account for __________ instances of behavior and that it can explain __________ attributions aswell. The appropriate blanks are

People would be less likely to help a man who fainted in a busy shopping mall, but more likelyto help a man who fainted small convenience store. This behavior explains

The idea that we will protect our self-esteem by attempting to justify past behavior leads to theprediction that

Social psychologists and personality psychologists differ in that

Sociologists tend to study behavior at the level, whereas the social psychologistsstudy behavior at the level.

In general moods helping behavior. The most appropriate blanks are

describes the belief that two variables are associated with one anotherwhen in fact there is a little or no actual association. The appropriate blanks are

The actor observer-bias states that we are more likely to make attributions or ourown behavior and attributions for someone else’s behavior. The appropriate blanks are

The advantages of the co-variation model compared to correspondent inference theory are that it can account for instances of behavior and that it can explain attributions aswell. The appropriate blanks are