MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 87 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Biotechnology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
If complex III were incorporated into an artificial lipid vesicle in order to demonstrate it's proton translocating ability in isolation, which of the following would be an appropriate electron donor? |
| A. | Cytochrome c red |
| B. | Cytochrome c peroxidase |
| C. | Ubiquinol (UQH2) |
| D. | Cytochrome c oxidase |
| Answer» D. Cytochrome c oxidase | |
| 2. |
Which of the following experimental results does not support Mitchell's chemiosmosis theory? |
| A. | Electron transport in isolated mitochondria was shown to result in acidification of the medium |
| B. | Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria was shown to inhibit electron transport, but had no effect on |
| C. | synthesis |
| D. | Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria during electron transport was shown to inhibit acidification of the medium |
| E. | An artificial proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport |
| Answer» C. synthesis | |
| 3. |
"The universe tends towards maximum disorder" is stated by |
| A. | first law of thermodynamics |
| B. | second law of thermodynamics |
| C. | third law of thermodynamics |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. third law of thermodynamics | |
| 4. |
If the ester bonds of a triacylglycerol molecule's are broken then the kind of molecule, which would be soluble in water, is |
| A. | fatty acid |
| B. | steroid |
| C. | glycogen |
| D. | glycerol |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
Agrobacterium based gene transfer is efficient |
| A. | only with dicots |
| B. | only with monocots |
| C. | with both monocots and dicots |
| D. | with majority monocots and few dicots |
| Answer» B. only with monocots | |
| 6. |
Which method of plant propagation involves the use of girdling? |
| A. | Grafting |
| B. | Cuttings |
| C. | Layering |
| D. | Micropropagation |
| Answer» D. Micropropagation | |
| 7. |
Which of the following is considered as the disadvantage of conventional plant tissue culture for clonal propagation? |
| A. | Multiplication of sexually derived sterile hybrids |
| B. | Less multiplication of disease free plants |
| C. | Storage and transportation of propogates |
| D. | Both (b) and (c) |
| Answer» D. Both (b) and (c) | |
| 8. |
Which of the following is not true about nurse or conditioned medium? |
| A. | It is liquid removed from the suspension of fast growing cells |
| B. | It contains uncharacterized growth factor released by growing cells |
| C. | It is used in the culture of regenerating protoplast |
| D. | it is removed aseptically from the culture and is autoclaved before use |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
When plated only in nutrient medium, how much time is required for the protoplast to synthesize new cell wall? |
| A. | 2-5 days |
| B. | 5-10 days |
| C. | 10-15 days |
| D. | 15-17 days |
| Answer» C. 10-15 days | |
| 10. |
The ability of the component cells of callus to form a whole plant is known as |
| A. | redifferentiation |
| B. | dedifferentiation |
| C. | either (a) or (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. dedifferentiation | |
| 11. |
Which of the following is not a cytokinin? |
| A. | 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
| B. | 6 benzylaminopurine |
| C. | Zeatin |
| D. | Kinetin |
| Answer» B. 6 benzylaminopurine | |
| 12. |
Nitrogen in the plant cell culture media is provided by either ammonia or nitrate salt. In the media |
| A. | utilization of ammonium cause culture pH to drop while utilization of nitrate cause culture pH to rise |
| B. | utilization of nitrate cause culture pH to drop while utilization of ammonium cause culture pH to rise |
| C. | utilization of both ammonium and nitrate result in rise in pH |
| D. | utilization of both ammonium and nitrate result in drop in pH |
| Answer» B. utilization of nitrate cause culture pH to drop while utilization of ammonium cause culture pH to rise | |
| 13. |
Which breeding method uses a chemical to strip the cell wall of plant cells of two sexually incompatible species? |
| A. | Mass selection |
| B. | Protoplast fusion |
| C. | Transformation |
| D. | Transpiration |
| Answer» C. Transformation | |
| 14. |
In a callus culture |
| A. | increasing level of cytokinin to a callus induces shoot formation and increasing level of auxin promote root formation |
| B. | increasing level of auxin to a callus induces shoot formation and increasing level of cytokinin promote root formation |
| C. | auxins and cytokinins are not required |
| D. | only auxin is required for root and shoot formation |
| Answer» B. increasing level of auxin to a callus induces shoot formation and increasing level of cytokinin promote root formation | |
| 15. |
When guard cells swell |
| A. | stomata close |
| B. | stomata open |
| C. | photosynthesis stops |
| D. | evaporation stops |
| Answer» C. photosynthesis stops | |
| 16. |
The evaporation of water from leaves is called |
| A. | transpiration |
| B. | cohesion |
| C. | tension |
| D. | pressure flow |
| Answer» B. cohesion | |
| 17. |
Which of the following statements about the outer mitochondrial membrane is not true? |
| A. | The outer membrane is impermeable to hydrogen ions |
| B. | The outer membrane is highly permeable to substances of small molecular weight |
| C. | The outer membrane is about 50% lipid and 50% protein by weight |
| D. | The outer membrane contains porins |
| Answer» B. The outer membrane is highly permeable to substances of small molecular weight | |
| 18. |
The cell membrane is made up of |
| A. | lipoproteins |
| B. | cellulose |
| C. | phospholipids |
| D. | phosphoproteins |
| Answer» B. cellulose | |
| 19. |
Cellular totipotency is the property of |
| A. | plants |
| B. | animals |
| C. | bacteria |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. animals | |
| 20. |
Which is/are the naturally occurring plant auxins? |
| A. | Indole acetic acid (IAA) |
| B. | Naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) |
| C. | 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» B. Naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) | |
| 21. |
Which of the following growth regulator promote cell division? |
| A. | Auxins |
| B. | Cytokinins |
| C. | Gibberellins |
| D. | Brassinosteroids |
| Answer» C. Gibberellins | |
| 22. |
If complex III were incorporated into an artificial lipid vesicle in order to demonstrate it's proton translocating ability in isolation, which of the following would be an appropriate electron donor? |
| A. | Cytochrome c red |
| B. | Cytochrome c peroxidase |
| C. | Ubiquinol (UQH2) |
| D. | Cytochrome c oxidase |
| Answer» D. Cytochrome c oxidase | |
| 23. |
A(n) __________ is an excised piece of leaf or stem tissue used in micropropagation. |
| A. | microshoot |
| B. | medium |
| C. | explant |
| D. | scion |
| Answer» D. scion | |
| 24. |
What is/are the benefit(s) of micropropagation or clonal propagation? |
| A. | Rapid multiplication of superior clones |
| B. | Multiplication of disease free plants |
| C. | Multiplication of sexually derived sterile hybrids |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 25. |
If the ester bonds of a triacylglycerol molecule's are broken then the kind of molecule, which would be soluble in water, is |
| A. | fatty acid |
| B. | steroid |
| C. | glycogen |
| D. | glycerol |
| Answer» E. | |
| 26. |
Cellular organelles are embedded in the |
| A. | endoplasmic reticulum |
| B. | cristae |
| C. | cytosol |
| D. | microtubules |
| Answer» D. microtubules | |
| 27. |
The cellular organelle associated with photosynthesis is the |
| A. | golgi complex |
| B. | mitochondrion |
| C. | lysosome |
| D. | chloroplast |
| Answer» E. | |
| 28. |
A cell without cell wall is called |
| A. | apoplast |
| B. | protoplast |
| C. | symplast |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. symplast | |
| 29. |
Which cell type is likely to have the most mitochondria? |
| A. | Fast-twitch muscle |
| B. | Slow-twitch muscle |
| C. | Liver cells |
| D. | Adipose cells |
| Answer» C. Liver cells | |
| 30. |
Tonoplast is a membrane around |
| A. | cytoplasm |
| B. | vacuole |
| C. | nucleus |
| D. | mitochondria |
| Answer» C. nucleus | |
| 31. |
Which part of a plant contains the male sex cell? |
| A. | Ova |
| B. | Style |
| C. | Stamen |
| D. | Pollen |
| Answer» E. | |
| 32. |
Chemical energy is supplied to eukaryotic cells by |
| A. | chloroplasts and golgi complexes |
| B. | mitochondria and ribosomes |
| C. | mitochondria only |
| D. | mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| Answer» E. | |
| 33. |
The movement of most minerals, including potassium into root cells is by |
| A. | osmosis |
| B. | diffusion |
| C. | bulk flow |
| D. | active transport |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
What are the macronutrients used in plant cell culture medium? |
| A. | N, P, K, S, Na |
| B. | N, P, K, Ca, Cl |
| C. | N, P, K, S, Ca |
| D. | N, P, Ca, Na, Cl |
| Answer» D. N, P, Ca, Na, Cl | |
| 35. |
Which of the following growth regulator is added for short initiation during plant regeneration from callus? |
| A. | Auxins |
| B. | Cytokinins |
| C. | Gibberellins |
| D. | Brassinosteroids |
| Answer» C. Gibberellins | |
| 36. |
The cohesion-tension theory of water movement helps to explain how water moves from soil into root? |
| A. | Through the phloem |
| B. | From leaf to root |
| C. | Through the xylem |
| D. | Into the guard cells |
| Answer» D. Into the guard cells | |
| 37. |
Which of the following growth regulator cause plant cells to grow? |
| A. | Auxins |
| B. | Cytokinins |
| C. | Gibberellins |
| D. | Brassinosteroids |
| Answer» B. Cytokinins | |
| 38. |
Which of the following observations is not used as evidence to support the concept of endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria? |
| A. | Both have their own DNA |
| B. | Both have their own ribosomes |
| C. | Both strongly resemble prokaryotes, especially in size |
| D. | Both can live and function independently of the cell |
| Answer» E. | |
| 39. |
Mitochondria can be expected most numerous in |
| A. | green cells |
| B. | red blood cells |
| C. | muscle cells |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 40. |
The element neon (Ne) has eight electrons in its outermost electron shell. How many covalent bonds will Ne readily form? |
| A. | None |
| B. | One |
| C. | Two |
| D. | Four |
| Answer» B. One | |
| 41. |
The cellular organelle associated with secretion is the |
| A. | golgi complex |
| B. | mitochondrion |
| C. | ribosome |
| D. | lysosome |
| Answer» B. mitochondrion | |
| 42. |
A widely accepted explanation for transport of sugar in phloem is called |
| A. | root pressure theory |
| B. | transpiration |
| C. | pressure flow hypothesis |
| D. | cytoplasmic streaming |
| Answer» D. cytoplasmic streaming | |
| 43. |
The fluid matrix of a cell is called the |
| A. | nucleus |
| B. | cytosol |
| C. | cytoskeleton |
| D. | endoplasmic reticulum |
| Answer» C. cytoskeleton | |
| 44. |
Specialized type of peroxisome and the site of glyoxylate pathway in certain plants is known as |
| A. | gly-peroxisome |
| B. | lysosome |
| C. | glyoxysome |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 45. |
Which is the most common carbon source used in the plant cell culture media? |
| A. | Sucrose |
| B. | Glucose |
| C. | Fructose |
| D. | Maltose |
| Answer» B. Glucose | |
| 46. |
Any system that is not at equilibrium |
| A. | is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable |
| B. | is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable |
| C. | is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate |
| D. | requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium |
| Answer» B. is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable | |
| 47. |
Neutralized activated charcoal is occasionally added to young regenerating cultures to |
| A. | remove toxic phenolics produced by the stressed plant cell |
| B. | help to remove plants growth regulators introduced at an earlier stage |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | maintain the pH of the medium |
| Answer» D. maintain the pH of the medium | |
| 48. |
Which molecule serves as a carrier of fatty acids in mitochondria? |
| A. | Acetyl-CoA |
| B. | Carnitine |
| C. | Dolichol |
| D. | Malonyl-CoA |
| Answer» C. Dolichol | |
| 49. |
Phloem is composed of |
| A. | vessel elements and companion cells |
| B. | tracheids and vessel elements |
| C. | sieve-tube elements and companion cells |
| D. | tracheids and sieve-tube elements |
| Answer» D. tracheids and sieve-tube elements | |
| 50. |
Water moves into roots of plants by |
| A. | osmosis |
| B. | active transport |
| C. | diffusion |
| D. | pressure flow mechanism |
| Answer» B. active transport | |