Explore topic-wise MCQs in Bioinformatics.

This section includes 12 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Bioinformatics knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

In Shimodaira–Hasegawa Test, The degree of freedom used for the analysis depends on the substitution model used. It relies on the following test formula d = 2(ln LA – ln LB) = 2 ln(LA/LB). Here, is the log likelihood ratio score and ln LA and ln LB are likelihood scores for tree A and tree B, respectively.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
2.

The KH test sets out to test the null hypothesis that the two competing tree topologies are not significantly different.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
3.

In phylogenetic analysis, it is also important to test whether two competing tree topologies can be distinguished and whether one tree is significantly better than the other.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
4.

Which of the following is incorrect statement?

A. In this method one half of the sites in a dataset are randomly deleted
B. It creates datasets half as long as the original
C. Each new dataset is subjected to phylogenetic tree construction using the different methods as the original
D. One criticism of this approach is that the size of datasets has been changed into one half and that the datasets are no longer considered replicates
Answer» D. One criticism of this approach is that the size of datasets has been changed into one half and that the datasets are no longer considered replicates
Discussion
5.

THE_KH_TEST_SETS_OUT_TO_TEST_THE_NULL_HYPOTHESIS_THAT_THE_TWO_COMPETING_TREE_TOPOLOGIES_ARE_NOT_SIGNIFICANTLY_DIFFERENT.?$

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
6.

In_Shimodaira–Hasegawa_Test,_The_degree_of_freedom_used_for_the_analysis_depends_on_the_substitution_model_used._It_relies_on_the_following_test_formula_d_=_2(ln_LA_–_ln_LB)_=_2_ln(LA/LB)._Here,_is_the_log_likelihood_ratio_score_and_ln_LA_and_ln_LB_are_likelihood_scores_for_tree_A_and_tree_B,_respectively.$#

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
7.

In phylogenetic analysis, it is also important to test whether two competing tree topologies can be distinguished and whether one tree is significantly better than the other?

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
8.

Which of the following is incorrect about Bayesian Simulation?

A. It does not require bootstrapping
B. It requires bootstrapping
C. The MCMC procedure itself involves thousands or millions of steps of resampling
D. Posterior probabilities are assigned at each node of a best Bayesian tree as statistical support
Answer» C. The MCMC procedure itself involves thousands or millions of steps of resampling
Discussion
9.

Which of the following is incorrect about Caveats?

A. Unusually high GC content in the original dataset is the potential cause for generating biased trees
B. Unusually accelerated evolutionary rates is the potential cause for generating biased trees
C. Unusually accelerated evolutionary rates is the potential cause for generating biased bootstrap estimates
D. Not a large number of bootstrap re-sampling steps are needed to achieve yielding results
Answer» E.
Discussion
10.

Which of the following is incorrect about nonparametric bootstrapping?

A. A new multiple sequence alignment of the same length is generated with random duplication of some of the sites
B. A new multiple sequence alignment of the distinct lengths is generated with random duplication of some of the sites
C. Certain sites are randomly replaced by other existing sites
D. Certain sites may appear multiple times, and other sites may not appear at all in the new alignment
Answer» C. Certain sites are randomly replaced by other existing sites
Discussion
11.

A truly robust phylogenetic relationship should have enough characters to support the relationship even if the dataset is perturbed in such away.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
12.

Which of the following is incorrect about Bootstrapping?

A. It is a statistical technique that tests the sampling errors of a phylogenetic tree
B. It does the tests by repeatedly sampling trees through slightly perturbed datasets
C. A newly constructed tree is not biased at all
D. The robustness of the original tree can be assessed here
Answer» D. The robustness of the original tree can be assessed here
Discussion