MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 12 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Bioinformatics knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Neighbor-joining chooses the sequences that should be joined to give the best least squares estimates of the branch lengths that most closely reflect the actual distances between the sequences. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 2. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the neighbor-joining method? |
| A. | It is very much like the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| B. | It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| C. | It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies |
| D. | When the branch lengths of trees of known topology are allowed to vary in a manner that simulates varying levels of evolutionary change, it is the most reliable method |
| Answer» C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies | |
| 3. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP?a) FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengthsb) FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash methodc) FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does notd) NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGM |
| A. | FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengths |
| B. | FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| C. | FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not |
| D. | NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) |
| Answer» D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) | |
| 4. |
Parsimony can give ________ information when rates of sequence change _______ in the different branches of a tree that are represented by the sequence data. |
| A. | misleading, vary |
| B. | useful, change |
| C. | misleading, are constant |
| D. | sometimes contradicting, are constant |
| Answer» B. useful, change | |
| 5. |
WHICH_OF_THE_FOLLOWING_IS_UNTRUE_REGARDING_THE_NEIGHBOR-JOINING_METHOD??$ |
| A. | It is very much like the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| B. | It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| C. | It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies |
| D. | When the branch lengths of trees of known topology are allowed to vary in a manner that simulates varying levels of evolutionary change, it is most reliable method |
| Answer» C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies | |
| 6. |
Neighbor-joining_chooses_the_sequences_that_should_be_joined_to_give_the_best_leastsquares_estimates_of_the_branch_lengths_that_most_closely_reflect_the_actual_distances_between_the_sequences.$ |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 7. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP? |
| A. | FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengths |
| B. | FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash method |
| C. | FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not |
| D. | NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) |
| Answer» D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) | |
| 8. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods? |
| A. | The sequence pairs that have the largest number of sequence changes between them are termed ‘neighbors’ |
| B. | On a tree, these sequences share a node or common ancestor position and are each joined to that node by a branch |
| C. | It produces a phylogenetic tree of the group |
| D. | It employs the number of changes between each pair in a group of sequences |
| Answer» B. On a tree, these sequences share a node or common ancestor position and are each joined to that node by a branch | |
| 9. |
Parsimony can give ______ information when rates of sequence change ____ in the |
| A. | |
| B. | misleading, vary |
| C. | useful, change |
| Answer» B. misleading, vary | |
| 10. |
PROTPARS counts the minimum number of mutations to change a codon for the first amino acid into a codon for the second amino acid, but only scores those mutations in the mutational path that actually change the amino acid. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 11. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the programs for analysis of nucleic acid sequences? |
| A. | DNAPARS treats gaps as a fifth nucleotide state. |
| B. | DNAPENNY performs parsimonious phylogenies by branch-and-bound search |
| C. | DNAPENNY can analyze sequences up to 11 or 12 |
| D. | Compatibility criterion is not involved in DNACOMP |
| Answer» E. | |
| 12. |
Which of the following is untrue regarding the maximum parsimony method? |
| A. | This method predicts the evolutionary tree |
| B. | It minimizes the number of steps required to generate the observed variation in the sequences |
| C. | The method is also sometimes referred to as the minimum evolution method |
| D. | Only a pairwise sequence alignment is required to predict which sequence positions are likely to correspond |
| Answer» E. | |