Explore topic-wise MCQs in Bioinformatics.

This section includes 12 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Bioinformatics knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Neighbor-joining chooses the sequences that should be joined to give the best least squares estimates of the branch lengths that most closely reflect the actual distances between the sequences.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
2.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the neighbor-joining method?

A. It is very much like the Fitch-Margoliash method
B. It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method
C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies
D. When the branch lengths of trees of known topology are allowed to vary in a manner that simulates varying levels of evolutionary change, it is the most reliable method
Answer» C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies
Discussion
3.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP?a) FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengthsb) FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash methodc) FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does notd) NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGM

A. FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengths
B. FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash method
C. FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not
D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA)
Answer» D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA)
Discussion
4.

Parsimony can give ________ information when rates of sequence change _______ in the different branches of a tree that are represented by the sequence data.

A. misleading, vary
B. useful, change
C. misleading, are constant
D. sometimes contradicting, are constant
Answer» B. useful, change
Discussion
5.

WHICH_OF_THE_FOLLOWING_IS_UNTRUE_REGARDING_THE_NEIGHBOR-JOINING_METHOD??$

A. It is very much like the Fitch-Margoliash method
B. It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method
C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies
D. When the branch lengths of trees of known topology are allowed to vary in a manner that simulates varying levels of evolutionary change, it is most reliable method
Answer» C. It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies
Discussion
6.

Neighbor-joining_chooses_the_sequences_that_should_be_joined_to_give_the_best_leastsquares_estimates_of_the_branch_lengths_that_most_closely_reflect_the_actual_distances_between_the_sequences.$

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
7.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP?

A. FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengths
B. FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash method
C. FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not
D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA)
Answer» D. NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA)
Discussion
8.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods?

A. The sequence pairs that have the largest number of sequence changes between them are termed ‘neighbors’
B. On a tree, these sequences share a node or common ancestor position and are each joined to that node by a branch
C. It produces a phylogenetic tree of the group
D. It employs the number of changes between each pair in a group of sequences
Answer» B. On a tree, these sequences share a node or common ancestor position and are each joined to that node by a branch
Discussion
9.

Parsimony can give ______ information when rates of sequence change ____ in the

A.
B. misleading, vary
C. useful, change
Answer» B. misleading, vary
Discussion
10.

PROTPARS counts the minimum number of mutations to change a codon for the first amino acid into a codon for the second amino acid, but only scores those mutations in the mutational path that actually change the amino acid.

A. True
B. False
Answer» B. False
Discussion
11.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the programs for analysis of nucleic acid sequences?

A. DNAPARS treats gaps as a fifth nucleotide state.
B. DNAPENNY performs parsimonious phylogenies by branch-and-bound search
C. DNAPENNY can analyze sequences up to 11 or 12
D. Compatibility criterion is not involved in DNACOMP
Answer» E.
Discussion
12.

Which of the following is untrue regarding the maximum parsimony method?

A. This method predicts the evolutionary tree
B. It minimizes the number of steps required to generate the observed variation in the sequences
C. The method is also sometimes referred to as the minimum evolution method
D. Only a pairwise sequence alignment is required to predict which sequence positions are likely to correspond
Answer» E.
Discussion