31 + Mcqs in Learning and Behaviour Page 1 McqOptions

1.	If the doctor always tells a child that it won t hurt, when in fact it sometimes does, the child has no danger or safety signals and may become terribly anxious whenever in the doctor s office. This implies..
A.	learning can be fearful
B.	children do not respond to motivation
C.	doctors are ineffective motivators
D.	predictability is also important for emotional reactions
Answer» E.

Discussion

2.	If leaving your apartment removes you from an unpleasant environment, then the time you spend away from your apartment will increase referring to..
A.	positive reinforcement
B.	negative reinforcement
C.	positive punishment
D.	negative punishment
Answer» C. positive punishment

Discussion

3.	The likelihood that you bring your date chocolate on Valentine s Day will decrease if he or she gets mad at you for offering the caloric gift. This shows..
A.	baseline level
B.	omission training
C.	restructuring
D.	change stimulus
Answer» C. restructuring

Discussion

4.	When the dog is trained to catch a ball, you can give the animal a food reinforcer each time it approaches the ball until finally the dog mouths and grabs the ball referring to..
A.	sensitization
B.	omission training
C.	shaping
D.	extinction
Answer» D. extinction

Discussion

5.	In __________ conditioning, the conditioned responses are active behaviors that operate on the environment.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» B. classical

Discussion

6.	In _____________ conditioning, the basis of learning is the association of two stimuli, the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» C. insight

Discussion

7.	Responding decreases with the elimination of reinforcing consequences during the extinction process of _________________ conditioning.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» B. classical

Discussion

8.	The expectation that the conditioned response reliably predicts the unconditioned stimulus characterizes the cognitive aspect of _______________ conditioning.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» C. insight

Discussion

9.	In ___________________ conditioning, the performance of the behavior is influenced by the expectation of reinforcement or punishment.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» B. classical

Discussion

10.	In ___________ conditioning, the extinction process is the decreasing of the conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» C. insight

Discussion

11.	Operant conditioning forms an association between a behavior and a consequence. The consequences are:
A.	something good can start or be presented; something good can end or be taken away
B.	something bad can start or be presented; something bad can end or be taken away.
C.	constant reinforcement
D.	both a & b
Answer» E.

Discussion

12.	The evolutionary influence of _______________ conditioning is that innate predispositions influence how easily an association is formed between a particular stimulus and response.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» C. insight

Discussion

13.	After Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat, he also displayed fear responses to a white rabbit and a white coat. This is an example of
A.	stimulus generalization
B.	stimulus discrimination
C.	variable interval reinforcement
D.	superstitious behavior
Answer» B. stimulus discrimination

Discussion

14.	The evolutionary influence in ____________ conditioning is that behaviors similar to natural or instinctive behaviors are more readily conditioned.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» B. classical

Discussion

15.	Pavlov's initial interest in classical conditioning was stimulated when he observed his research dogs salivating at the sight of
A.	food
B.	the attendants
C.	the saliva
D.	the food dish
Answer» C. the saliva

Discussion

16.	John loves to receive mail. Over the years, he has learned to tell the difference between the sound of the mail truck and the other cars and trucks that pass his house. What process is at work here?
A.	stimulus discrimination
B.	stimulus generalization
C.	extinction
D.	negative reinforcement
Answer» B. stimulus generalization

Discussion

17.	Crespi's findings regarding the effect of reward magnitude on running speed forced Hull to propose that
A.	reward magnitude directly influences motivation
B.	reward magnitude has no effect on motivation
C.	shifts in reward result in forgetting
D.	learning is reduced with large reward
Answer» B. reward magnitude has no effect on motivation

Discussion

18.	Whenever Kendra's dog whines at the door to go out she says "good dog" and pets the dog. The word "good" becomes a secondary reinforcer through the process of
A.	classical conditioning
B.	operant conditioning
C.	instrumental conditioning
D.	vicarious conditioning
Answer» B. operant conditioning

Discussion

19.	A student sometimes got A s on his midterm exams last year when he used his green pen to write the exams. Now he always takes his lucky green pens to exams. How did the student s superstitious behavior arise?
A.	observational learning
B.	classical conditioning
C.	operant conditioning
D.	none of the above
Answer» D. none of the above

Discussion

20.	If a child is rewarded for appropriate behavior every 15 minutes, what type of schedule is being used?
A.	fixed ratio
B.	variable ratio
C.	fixed interval
D.	variable interval
Answer» D. variable interval

Discussion

21.	Jill was trying to operantly condition her dog to roll over. Each time her dog rolled over she immediately said "good dog." However, the dog did not roll over on command. Which of the following may best explain why?
A.	jill used inconsistent reinforcement
B.	the cs did not match the cr
C.	jill should have delayed reinforcement
D.	saying "good dog" was not reinforcing
Answer» E.

Discussion

22.	Classical conditioning can be applied within marketing. For example Coke s polar bear ad campaign. The bears (US) generate positive feelings (UR), and Coke (CS) is associated with the positive feelings that have then become the __
A.	cr
B.	us
C.	ur
D.	cs
Answer» B. us

Discussion

23.	Once exposed to an aversive situation, learning a response that removes the aversive situation involves
A.	avoidance learning
B.	escape learning
C.	stimulus discrimination
D.	response generalization
Answer» C. stimulus discrimination

Discussion

24.	Which traditional learning theorist believed that the use of hypothetical constructs does not contribute to our understanding of behavior?
A.	hull
B.	skinner
C.	tolman
D.	rotter
Answer» C. tolman

Discussion

25.	A scalloped response pattern, in which responses are slow at the beginning of a time period and then faster just before reinforcement happens, is typical of which type of reinforcement schedule?
A.	fixed ratio
B.	variable ratio
C.	fixed interval
D.	variable interval
Answer» D. variable interval

Discussion

26.	Which learning theory says that a set stimulus, over a period of time, will produce the same response every time?
A.	classical conditioning
B.	insight learning
C.	drive motive
D.	operant conditioning
Answer» B. insight learning

Discussion

27.	If positive reinforcement is not given within a short time following the response, learning will proceed slowly. This phenomenon is called
A.	delay of reinforcement
B.	extinction
C.	conditioned response
D.	consistency
Answer» B. extinction

Discussion

28.	What kind of reinforcement should you use if you want to a response to last without reinforcement long after it s been learned through operant conditioning?
A.	continuous
B.	intermittent
C.	either a and b
D.	neither a nor b
Answer» C. either a and b

Discussion

29.	What is the procedure called in which reinforcement is used to guide a response closer and closer to a desired response?
A.	stimulus discrimination
B.	stimulus generalization
C.	spontaneous recovery
D.	shaping
Answer» E.

Discussion

30.	In operant conditioning, what is the tendency for a response to happen only when a particular stimulus is present?
A.	stimulus generalization
B.	shaping
C.	response acquisition
D.	stimulus discrimination
Answer» E.

Discussion

31.	In ________________ conditioning, the basis of learning is the process of associating a response and the consequence that follows it.
A.	operant
B.	classical
C.	insight
D.	social
Answer» B. classical

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in Bachelor of Science in Counselling Psychology (BSc Counselling Psychology).

If the doctor always tells a child that it won t hurt, when in fact it sometimes does, the child has no danger or safety signals and may become terribly anxious whenever in the doctor s office. This implies..

If leaving your apartment removes you from an unpleasant environment, then the time you spend away from your apartment will increase referring to..

The likelihood that you bring your date chocolate on Valentine s Day will decrease if he or she gets mad at you for offering the caloric gift. This shows..

When the dog is trained to catch a ball, you can give the animal a food reinforcer each time it approaches the ball until finally the dog mouths and grabs the ball referring to..

In __________ conditioning, the conditioned responses are active behaviors that operate on the environment.

In _____________ conditioning, the basis of learning is the association of two stimuli, the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.

Responding decreases with the elimination of reinforcing consequences during the extinction process of _________________ conditioning.

The expectation that the conditioned response reliably predicts the unconditioned stimulus characterizes the cognitive aspect of _______________ conditioning.

In ___________________ conditioning, the performance of the behavior is influenced by the expectation of reinforcement or punishment.

In ___________ conditioning, the extinction process is the decreasing of the conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented alone

Operant conditioning forms an association between a behavior and a consequence. The consequences are:

The evolutionary influence of _______________ conditioning is that innate predispositions influence how easily an association is formed between a particular stimulus and response.

After Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat, he also displayed fear responses to a white rabbit and a white coat. This is an example of

The evolutionary influence in ____________ conditioning is that behaviors similar to natural or instinctive behaviors are more readily conditioned.

Pavlov's initial interest in classical conditioning was stimulated when he observed his research dogs salivating at the sight of

John loves to receive mail. Over the years, he has learned to tell the difference between the sound of the mail truck and the other cars and trucks that pass his house. What process is at work here?

Crespi's findings regarding the effect of reward magnitude on running speed forced Hull to propose that

Whenever Kendra's dog whines at the door to go out she says "good dog" and pets the dog. The word "good" becomes a secondary reinforcer through the process of

A student sometimes got A s on his midterm exams last year when he used his green pen to write the exams. Now he always takes his lucky green pens to exams. How did the student s superstitious behavior arise?

If a child is rewarded for appropriate behavior every 15 minutes, what type of schedule is being used?

Jill was trying to operantly condition her dog to roll over. Each time her dog rolled over she immediately said "good dog." However, the dog did not roll over on command. Which of the following may best explain why?

Classical conditioning can be applied within marketing. For example Coke s polar bear ad campaign. The bears (US) generate positive feelings (UR), and Coke (CS) is associated with the positive feelings that have then become the __

Once exposed to an aversive situation, learning a response that removes the aversive situation involves

Which traditional learning theorist believed that the use of hypothetical constructs does not contribute to our understanding of behavior?

A scalloped response pattern, in which responses are slow at the beginning of a time period and then faster just before reinforcement happens, is typical of which type of reinforcement schedule?

Which learning theory says that a set stimulus, over a period of time, will produce the same response every time?

If positive reinforcement is not given within a short time following the response, learning will proceed slowly. This phenomenon is called

What kind of reinforcement should you use if you want to a response to last without reinforcement long after it s been learned through operant conditioning?

What is the procedure called in which reinforcement is used to guide a response closer and closer to a desired response?

In operant conditioning, what is the tendency for a response to happen only when a particular stimulus is present?

In ________________ conditioning, the basis of learning is the process of associating a response and the consequence that follows it.