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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 1185 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your UPSC IAS Exam knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 701. |
Consider the following statement and state which of the following is/are true? 1. Montreal Protocol deal with ozone layer depletion and Kyoto Protocol deals with global warming and greenhouse gas emission.. 2. Montreal Protocol has banned the emission of hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs). Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Codes: |
| A. | Only 1 |
| B. | Only 2 |
| C. | Both 1 & 2 |
| D. | Neither 1 or 2 |
| Answer» C. Both 1 & 2 | |
| 702. |
The declaration reached at the 16th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2010 is also called the: |
| A. | Cancun Agreement |
| B. | Rio Declaration |
| C. | Kyoto Protocol |
| D. | Treaty on Nuclear Disarmament |
| Answer» B. Rio Declaration | |
| 703. |
The United Nations Frame work Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international treaty drawn at: |
| A. | United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm, 1972 |
| B. | UN Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janerio, 1992 |
| C. | World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, 2002 |
| D. | UN Climate change conference, Copenhagen, 2009 |
| Answer» C. World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, 2002 | |
| 704. |
In context of environment, the term "dirty dozen" refers to |
| A. | 12 most harmful greenhouse gases |
| B. | 12 ozone depleting substances |
| C. | 12 persistent organic pollutants |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 705. |
Which of the followings are the aims of the Basel Convention? I. The reduction of hazardous waste generation and the promotion of environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes, wherever the place of disposal; II. The restriction of trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes except where it is perceived to be in accordance with the principles of environmentally sound management. III. A regulatory system applying to cases where trans boundary movements are permissible Codes: |
| A. | Only I & II |
| B. | Only I & III |
| C. | Only II & III |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 706. |
With reference to push factors, which of the following is/are economic factors responsible for migration of villagers towards cities take? I. Better and more opportunities II. Fragmentation of family owned land III. Lack of food Codes: |
| A. | Only I |
| B. | Only I and II |
| C. | Only II & III |
| D. | I, II and III |
| Answer» D. I, II and III | |
| 707. |
Which among the following multilateral environment agreements (MEAs) is not correctly paired with the respective issue it deals with? |
| A. | Montreal Protocol of 1987 - Ozone Depleting Substances |
| B. | Bonn Convention of 1979 - The conservation of Migratory Species |
| C. | Basel Convention of 1989 - Regulation of trans-boundary movement, transit, handling and use of Living Modified Organisms. |
| D. | Rotterdam Convention of 1998 - Consensual International Trade in certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides. |
| Answer» D. Rotterdam Convention of 1998 - Consensual International Trade in certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides. | |
| 708. |
Which state chief minister of India has been honoured with the 2016 Sustainable Development Leadership Award? |
| A. | Okram Ibobi Singh |
| B. | TRZeliang |
| C. | Pawan Chamling |
| D. | Naveen Pattanaik |
| Answer» D. Naveen Pattanaik | |
| 709. |
Which of the following adjustments would be made to any increase in GDP in order to derive an 'Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare' (ISEW)? |
| A. | Subtract the monetary value of non-defensive public expenditures |
| B. | Subtract the monetary value of personal consumption |
| C. | Subtract the monetary value of capital formation |
| D. | Subtract the costs of environmental degradation |
| Answer» E. | |
| 710. |
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the "emissions trading" policy instrument? |
| A. | It involves a mechanism whereby me permits available are initially distributed to producers who are potential emitters of a given pollutant |
| B. | The price mechanism for tradable emissions permits helps to allocate the restricted supply of permits to those who most value them |
| C. | All producers are required to be equally efficient in reducing emissions of the pollutant |
| D. | The right to pollute can be transferred between different parties at a price determined by the market in tradeable emissions permits |
| Answer» D. The right to pollute can be transferred between different parties at a price determined by the market in tradeable emissions permits | |
| 711. |
Over 140 countries have agreed on the first international treaty that aims to reduce the emission and release of mercury into the air, water and land. Treaty is named as the Minamata convention. Which of the following is correct with regard to this treaty: 1. The convention prohibits primary mining of mercury. 2. The use of mercury in products like CFL, batteries, soaps, cosmetics and medical appliances must be phased out by 2020. 3. Treaty keeps exception for the products like vaccines preservatives and products related to religious faith. Codes: |
| A. | 1 only |
| B. | 1, 2 & 3 |
| C. | 3 only |
| D. | 1 & 2 only |
| Answer» C. 3 only | |
| 712. |
Forest Rights Act recognizes the rights of forest dwellers over forestland and forest resources such as minor forest produce they have traditionally been extracting and using. Which of the following statements is/are correct with regard to this Act. 1. Forest dwellers can transport minor forest produce by any appropriate means of transport. 2. A committee set up by Gram Sabha issues transit passes for transporting minor forest produce. Codes: |
| A. | 1 only |
| B. | 2 only |
| C. | Both 1& 2 |
| D. | neither 1 & 2 |
| Answer» D. neither 1 & 2 | |
| 713. |
Consider the following questions. 1. The Government of India was the first country in South Asia to join IUCN as a stage member in 1969. 2. It is also the first and the only country in the region to host the General Assembly of IUCN in 1969. Codes: |
| A. | Only 1 |
| B. | Only 2 |
| C. | Neither 1 nor 2 |
| D. | Both 1 and 2 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 714. |
Consider the following statements: 1. The International Plant Protection Convention (IPCC) is a multilateral treaty to protect plant resources from deforestation arising out of industrialization. 2. The treaty is overseen by International Union for Conservation of Nature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? |
| A. | Only 1 |
| B. | \ Only 2 |
| C. | Only 1 and 2 |
| D. | Neither 1 nor 2 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 715. |
In which of the following States is lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat? 1. Tamil Nadu 2. Kerala 3. Kamataka 4. Andhra Pradesh Select the correct answer using the codes given below. |
| A. | 1, 2 and 3 only |
| B. | 2 only |
| C. | 1, 3 and 4 only |
| D. | 1, 2, 3 and 4 |
| Answer» B. 2 only | |
| 716. |
The Wildlife 'Protection Act, 1972 provides for various categories of protected areas. These include: 1. National parks 2. Wildlife sanctuaries 3. Biosphere reserve 4. Tiger reserves Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Codes: |
| A. | 1 and 2 only |
| B. | 1 and 3 only |
| C. | 2 and 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 4 only |
| Answer» E. | |
| 717. |
Which of the following are correct 1. Alpha diversity (within-community diversity) refers to the rate of replacement of species along a gradient of habitats or communities. 2. Gamma diversity (overall) refers to the diversity of the habitats over the total landscape or geographical area. Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Codes: |
| A. | Only 1 |
| B. | Only 2 |
| C. | Both 1 & 2 |
| D. | neither 1 nor 2 |
| Answer» D. neither 1 nor 2 | |
| 718. |
"A Million Voices: The World We Want" is report by: |
| A. | WHO |
| B. | IUCN |
| C. | UNISEF |
| D. | UN |
| Answer» E. | |
| 719. |
Greenhouse effect is warming due to |
| A. | infra-red rays reaching earth |
| B. | moisture layer in atmosphere |
| C. | increase in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere |
| D. | ozone layer of atmosphere. |
| Answer» D. ozone layer of atmosphere. | |
| 720. |
Sustainable Development Goals and targets are to be achieved by: |
| A. | 2020 |
| B. | 2025 |
| C. | 2030 |
| D. | 2050 |
| Answer» D. 2050 | |
| 721. |
"NTR Arogya Raksha" a new health scheme has been launched by which state government? |
| A. | Haryana |
| B. | Odisha |
| C. | Karnataka |
| D. | Andhra Pradesh |
| Answer» E. | |
| 722. |
Which of the following are the 17 new Sustainable Development Goals? 1. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources 2. Reduce inequality within and among countries 3. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts |
| A. | 1, 3 |
| B. | 2, 3 |
| C. | 1, 2 |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 723. |
Who has been appointed as an Adviser (policy & planning; in the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)? |
| A. | Sandip Ray Chaudhury |
| B. | V Thiruppugazh |
| C. | P K Mishra |
| D. | Manoj Kumar Sahoo |
| Answer» E. | |
| 724. |
What is the theme of 2016 International Day for Disaster Reduction? |
| A. | My City is Getting Ready! |
| B. | Live to Tell |
| C. | Living with Disability and Disaster |
| D. | Resilience is for Life |
| Answer» C. Living with Disability and Disaster | |
| 725. |
Which committee has been constitoted to assess ground situation at Cauvery basin? |
| A. | M N Rao Committee |
| B. | KK Paul Committee |
| C. | GS Jha Committee |
| D. | SK Jha Committee |
| Answer» D. SK Jha Committee | |
| 726. |
In the context of Amendment to Montreal Protocol, 2017, consider the following statements. 1. 170 countries have reached a historic deal to phase out Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) after years of protracted and at times seemingly intractable negotiations in Kigali Rwanda accepted an amendment to the Montreal Protocol 2. Developing countries must reduce HFCs use by 10% by 2019 from 2011-2013 levels and 85% by 2036. 3. A third group of developing countries including India Pakistan and Arab Gulf states must begin the process in 2028 and reduce emissions by 10% by 2032 from 2024-2026 levels and then by 85% by 2047 Choose the correct answer using the codes below. |
| A. | Only 2 & 3 |
| B. | Only 2 |
| C. | Only 1 & 3 |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 727. |
The term 'Intended Nationally Determined Contributions' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of (IAS Prelims 2016) |
| A. | pledges made by the European countries to rehabilitate refugees from the war-affected Middle East |
| B. | plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change |
| C. | capital contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank |
| D. | plan of action outlined by the countries of the world regarding Sustainable Development Goals |
| Answer» C. capital contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank | |
| 728. |
Which one of the following committee was constituted to review environmental laws in the country? |
| A. | Subramanian Committee |
| B. | Kasturi Rangan Committee |
| C. | Madhav Nair Committee |
| D. | Ullas Karanth Committee |
| Answer» B. Kasturi Rangan Committee | |
| 729. |
The NTCA has recently declared which two national parks as tiger reserves? |
| A. | Kudremukh and Rajaji |
| B. | Ratapani and Sunabeda |
| C. | Guru Ghasidas and Rajaji |
| D. | Rajaji and Sunabeda |
| Answer» B. Ratapani and Sunabeda | |
| 730. |
Focusing on reducing carbon production to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is argued to be the wrong variable to focus on because: |
| A. | It is impossible to achieve |
| B. | The focus should be on carbon consumption |
| C. | It has nothing to do with carbon dioxide emissions |
| D. | The focus should be on carbon elimination |
| Answer» C. It has nothing to do with carbon dioxide emissions | |
| 731. |
We have had twenty years of international conferences on what to do about the global environmental crisis, and some commentators say absolutely nothing has been achieved. This shows that: |
| A. | There is a complete lack of international commitment to positive action |
| B. | It is very difficult to devise appropriate policies |
| C. | The environmental crisis is only one of the issues that nations negotiate about, and agreement on environmental issues has to be compatible with agreements on other issues, such as trade |
| D. | There is no agreement on the environmental issues facing the global community |
| Answer» D. There is no agreement on the environmental issues facing the global community | |
| 732. |
The objective of the Green energy Corridor is to: |
| A. | Create special industrial zones which will be powered by renewable energy. |
| B. | Fund geothermal based energy projects. |
| C. | Facilitate the flow of renewable energy into the national power grid. |
| D. | none of the above. |
| Answer» D. none of the above. | |
| 733. |
Which of the following are correct regarding Sustainable development goals? 1. They were accepted by the governments in COP 21 2. There are total 17 goals present under SDG 3. SDG talks about inequality within country only and nothing about in between the countries. Codes: |
| A. | 1, 2 |
| B. | 2, 3 |
| C. | 2 only |
| D. | All |
| Answer» D. All | |
| 734. |
The Kudumbashree programme by the Kerala government works in the area of: 1. Reducing maternal mortality 2. Providing micro credit 3. Enhancing entrepreneurship 4. Providing housing Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Codes: |
| A. | 1 and 2 only |
| B. | 1, 3 and 4 only |
| C. | 2 and 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 4 only |
| Answer» D. 1, 2 and 4 only | |
| 735. |
Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct as per aims of the 12th Plan? 1. Reducing head count poverty by 10%. 2. Generate 10 million new work opportunities in the non-farm sector and provide skill certification to equivalent numbers during the Twelfth Five Year Plan. 3. Provide access to banking services to all Indian households by the end of plan period. 4. Major subsidies and welfare related beneficiary payments to be shifted to direct cash transfer using the Aadhar platform with linked bank accounts by the end of the plan period. Codes: |
| A. | Only 1 and 3 |
| B. | Only 1 and 2 |
| C. | Only 1 and 4 |
| D. | 1, 2, 3 and 4 |
| Answer» D. 1, 2, 3 and 4 | |
| 736. |
Which of the following addresses traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources considering the rights of the indigenous and local communities? |
| A. | Hyderabad Pledge of COP - 11 |
| B. | Nagoya - Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol |
| C. | Nagoya Protocol |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» D. All of the above | |
| 737. |
Which among the following awards has been recently instituted by the Government of India for individuals or communities from rural areas that have shown extraordinary courage and dedication in protecting Wildlife? |
| A. | Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar |
| B. | Medini Puruskar Yojana |
| C. | Amrita Devi Bishnoi Award |
| D. | Pitambar Pant National Award |
| Answer» D. Pitambar Pant National Award | |
| 738. |
The Union Ministry of Environment & Forest has introduced a new scheme called the 'Emissions Trading Scheme' which of the following statements is/are correct with regard to this scheme: 1. This is a market-based scheme to reduce air pollution. 2. It has been implemented only in 3 states till now. 3. The scheme allows the Pollution control boards to set a cap on the level of pollution permitted in an industrial area, and then allows the industries to self-regulate to ensure that pollution does not exceed this cap. 4. This scheme is the first of its kind in the world. Codes: |
| A. | 1, 2, 3 & 4 |
| B. | 1 & 3only |
| C. | 2 & 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 & 3 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 739. |
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has declared the year 2017 as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism Development. In this context consider the following statements: I. The declaration recalls to advance the universal 2030 Agenda II. Tourism falls under three targets of the SDGs, i. e., Goals?8, 12 and 14 III. UNTO is the United Nations Specialized Agency for Tourism What is/are correct? Codes: |
| A. | Only III |
| B. | Only I & III |
| C. | Only II |
| D. | Only I & II |
| Answer» E. | |
| 740. |
Recently, for the first time in our country, which of the following States has declared a particular butterfly as ?State Butterfly'? [IAS Prelims 2016] |
| A. | Arunachal Pradesh |
| B. | Himachal Pradesh |
| C. | Karnataka |
| D. | Maharashtra |
| Answer» E. | |
| 741. |
'Gadgil Committee Report' and 'Kasturirangan Committee Report', sometimes seen in the news, are related to (IAS Prelims 2016) |
| A. | constitutional reforms |
| B. | Ganga Action Plan |
| C. | linking of rivers |
| D. | protection of Western Gnats |
| Answer» E. | |
| 742. |
Which of the following is incorrect about organic farming:- 1. It uses biological pest control techniques 2. It saves water 3. It can immediately meet the goals of food security 4. It uses fertilizers Select the correct answers using the choices given below: |
| A. | 2 only |
| B. | 1 & 2 only |
| C. | 2 & 3 only |
| D. | 2 & 4 only |
| Answer» D. 2 & 4 only | |
| 743. |
Consider the following statements: 1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the 'Club of Rome'. 2. The Sustainable Development Goals have .to be achieved by 2030. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? |
| A. | 1 only |
| B. | 2 only |
| C. | Both 1 and 2 |
| D. | neither 1 nor 2 |
| Answer» C. Both 1 and 2 | |
| 744. |
Consider the following statements: 1. The CBD is the first comprehensive global agreement addressing to all aspects related to biodiversity. 2. COP 10 was held from 18 to 29 October 2010 at the Nagoya Conference centre, in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Select the correct answer using the codes given below. |
| A. | Only 1 |
| B. | Only 2 |
| C. | Both 1 & 2 |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» D. None of the above | |
| 745. |
'Gadgil Committee Report' and 'Kasturirangan Committee Report', sometimes seen in the news, are related to: |
| A. | constitutional reforms |
| B. | Ganga Action Plan |
| C. | Linking of rivers |
| D. | Protection of Western Gnats |
| Answer» E. | |
| 746. |
After earthquake has taken place, it is followed by |
| A. | pro-shocks |
| B. | pre-shock |
| C. | aftershocks |
| D. | mini-maximal shocks |
| Answer» D. mini-maximal shocks | |
| 747. |
Arunachal Pradesh is located in which of the following seismic zones? |
| A. | Zone II |
| B. | Zone in |
| C. | Zone IV |
| D. | Zone V |
| Answer» E. | |
| 748. |
Most of the active volcanoes are located in which of the following belt? (i) Convergent Belt (ii) Divergent Belt Which of the following is/are correct? |
| A. | Only (i) |
| B. | Only (ii) |
| C. | Both (i) and (ii) |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. Only (ii) | |
| 749. |
Another name for Earthquakes is |
| A. | nektons |
| B. | temblors |
| C. | blusters |
| D. | flickers |
| Answer» C. blusters | |
| 750. |
Pacific Ring of Fire is associated with which one of the following disasters? |
| A. | Earthquake |
| B. | Volcanic Eruption |
| C. | Landslides |
| D. | Cyclones |
| Answer» C. Landslides | |