Which of the following are the circumstances under which an elected member ofParliament may be disqualified on the ground of defection?

• A. If he voluntarily gives up his membership of a political party
• B. If he votes or abstains from voting contrary to any direction issued by his political party without prior permission of the political party
• C. If he speaks against the political party
• D. If he joins a political party other than the party on whose ticket he contested and got elected.