MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 242 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Biochemistry knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Restriction enzymes are named for |
| A. | the person who discovered |
| B. | the bacterium they are derived from |
| C. | the viral DNA that they attack |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. the viral DNA that they attack | |
| 2. |
Which type of restriction enzymes do not usually require ATP? |
| A. | Type I |
| B. | Type II |
| C. | Type III |
| D. | Type IV |
| Answer» C. Type III | |
| 3. |
An example of a restriction fragment length polymorphism is |
| A. | an Eco RI cuts DNA at a different sequence than Hind III |
| B. | different length fragments of DNA resulting from loss or gain of a restriction site |
| C. | cystic fibrosis results from a three base deletion in most cases but in other cases, other mutations are involved |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» C. cystic fibrosis results from a three base deletion in most cases but in other cases, other mutations are involved | |
| 4. |
Knockout mice are created by |
| A. | mutagenizing a mouse and selecting for mutant offspring |
| B. | creating a chimera by fusing cells from two different cell lines |
| C. | infecting the mouse with a retrovirus |
| D. | transfecting embryonic stem cells with an altered gene sequence |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
A plasmid |
| A. | is a circular DNA molecule |
| B. | always contains an origin of replication |
| C. | usually contains one or more restriction sites |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 6. |
Under which of the following conditions would population gene frequencies remain the same? |
| A. | Selection for homozygotes |
| B. | Small population size |
| C. | Active migration between groups |
| D. | Random mating |
| Answer» E. | |
| 7. |
Plant transformation can be obtained by |
| A. | combining plant and animal cells in culture |
| B. | shooting DNA into plant cells with a gun |
| C. | using the |
| D. | bacterium to infect plant roots |
| E. | infecting plants with a tobacco mosaic virus |
| Answer» C. using the | |
| 8. |
An expression vector |
| A. | always contains an origin of replication |
| B. | usually contains a gene that confers antibiotic resistance to the bacterial host |
| C. | always contains DNA segments for the regulation of mRNA production |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to have |
| A. | sticky ends |
| B. | single strands |
| C. | restriction fragments |
| D. | ligases |
| Answer» B. single strands | |
| 10. |
Which of the following is not true of small inbreeding populations? |
| A. | They tend to loose genetic diversity |
| B. | There is an increased incidence of recessive diseases |
| C. | Alleles may become fixed |
| D. | Mutation is increased |
| Answer» E. | |
| 11. |
Which of these genes codes for a protein that plays a role in growth? |
| A. | DCP1 |
| B. | SCLC6A4 |
| C. | KRTHA1 |
| D. | GH1 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 12. |
Which of the following genetic diseases would be amenable to genetic engineering? |
| A. | Down's syndrome |
| B. | Muscular dystrophy |
| C. | Cystic fibrosis |
| D. | Cri du Chat |
| Answer» D. Cri du Chat | |
| 13. |
X-rays cause |
| A. | the formation of thymine dimers |
| B. | ionization of water in the cell |
| C. | heat |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. heat | |
| 14. |
The order for the construction of a cDNA fragment from mRNA is to |
| A. | bind oligo-dT, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase |
| B. | treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase and bind oligo-dT |
| C. | digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, treat with reverse transcriptase, add G residues to the 3' end and treat with DNA polymerase |
| D. | bind oligo-dC, treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dT and treat with DNA polymerase |
| Answer» B. treat with reverse transcriptase, digest with RNase, add G residues to the 3' end, bind oligo-dC, treat with DNA polymerase and bind oligo-dT | |
| 15. |
The TP53 gene of chromosome 17 codes for a protein __________ . |
| A. | that plays a role in the digestive process |
| B. | involved in glucose transport |
| C. | involved in the regulation of the cell cycle |
| D. | that is like a white blood cell protein |
| Answer» D. that is like a white blood cell protein | |
| 16. |
Which of the following pair will produce complementary sticky ends? |
| A. | Eco RI & MspI |
| B. | Msp I & HPA II |
| C. | Sau 3A & Bam HI |
| D. | Mbo I & Sau 3A |
| Answer» D. Mbo I & Sau 3A | |
| 17. |
A human cDNA library |
| A. | contains DNA for specific human proteins |
| B. | contains DNA for virtually all of the human proteins in vectors |
| C. | cannot be used to obtain human genes because it would be radioactive |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. cannot be used to obtain human genes because it would be radioactive | |
| 18. |
What enzyme forms covalent bonds between restriction fragments? |
| A. | DNA primase |
| B. | DNA helicase |
| C. | DNA polymerase |
| D. | DNA ligase |
| Answer» E. | |
| 19. |
Which of the following can be diagnosed by amniocentesis? |
| A. | Down's syndrome |
| B. | Cystic Fibrosis |
| C. | Sickle cell anemia |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 20. |
Which of the following techniques can be used to determine the defective gene and for developing cancer? |
| A. | Western blot |
| B. | Southern blot |
| C. | Northern blot |
| D. | Eastern blot |
| Answer» C. Northern blot | |
| 21. |
The transfer of antibiotic-resistant genes from genetically engineered bacteria to disease-causing bacteria __________ . |
| A. | would be of no concern if it occurred. |
| B. | has occurred |
| C. | can never occur |
| D. | seems unlikely |
| Answer» E. | |
| 22. |
Both DNA gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE of proteins are similar because |
| A. | in both cases molecules migrate to the anode |
| B. | both techniques rely on a constant charge to mass ratio |
| C. | both techniques utilize the sieving properties of gels |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 23. |
Some genetic diseases cannot be diagnosed by changes in restriction sites. Some of these can be detected by allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. These are |
| A. | copies of the gene with an altered sequence so that a restriction site is inserted |
| B. | mutagenized copies of a gene |
| C. | short sequences that will hybridize only to a specific base sequence |
| D. | PCR-amplified variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs) |
| Answer» D. PCR-amplified variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs) | |
| 24. |
In order to insert a foreign gene into a plasmid, both must __________ |
| A. | have identical DNA sequences |
| B. | originate from the same type of cell |
| C. | be cut by the same restriction enzyme |
| D. | be of the same length |
| Answer» D. be of the same length | |
| 25. |
Which of these restriction enzymes produce blunt ends? |
| A. | SaII |
| B. | EcoRV |
| C. | XhoI |
| D. | HindIII |
| Answer» C. XhoI | |
| 26. |
Isoschizomers recognize |
| A. | same recognition sequence but different recognition site |
| B. | same recognition site and recognition sequence |
| C. | same recognition site and different recognition sequence |
| D. | different recognition site and different recognition sequence |
| Answer» C. same recognition site and different recognition sequence | |
| 27. |
Which of these genes codes for a protein that plays a role in white blood cell function? |
| A. | DCP1 |
| B. | MPO |
| C. | GLUT4 |
| D. | RP13 |
| Answer» C. GLUT4 | |
| 28. |
The RP13 gene of chromosome 17 codes for a protein __________ . |
| A. | involved in glucose transport |
| B. | that is a component of hair and nails |
| C. | involved in eye development |
| D. | involved in the determination of personality |
| Answer» D. involved in the determination of personality | |
| 29. |
Which of the following is correct in terms of determination of location of genetic traits? |
| A. | Known protein coding sequences are too far apart to allow linkage determination for most new genes |
| B. | Restriction sites allow DNAs to be digested |
| C. | Protein-coding genes are always associated with a restriction pattern |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» B. Restriction sites allow DNAs to be digested | |
| 30. |
In gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules migrate from __________ to __________ ends of the gel. |
| A. | negative ... positive |
| B. | basic ... acidic |
| C. | long ... short |
| D. | positive to negative |
| Answer» B. basic ... acidic | |
| 31. |
Restriction enzymes |
| A. | protect bacteria from viral infection |
| B. | cut DNA in a staggered fashion |
| C. | cut DNAs producing a blunt end |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 32. |
First discovered, Type II restriction endonuclease was |
| A. | Hinf I |
| B. | Eco K |
| C. | Hind II |
| D. | EcoRI |
| Answer» D. EcoRI | |
| 33. |
When populations are small, gene frequencies can change from generation to generation and some alleles may become fixed in a population. This is called __________ . |
| A. | assortative mating |
| B. | inbreeding |
| C. | heterosis |
| D. | genetic drift |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
Recombinant plasmids are added to a bacterial culture that has been pretreated with _________________ ions. |
| A. | iodine |
| B. | magnesium |
| C. | calcium |
| D. | ferric |
| Answer» D. ferric | |
| 35. |
Which observation was made by Avery, Macleod, and McCarty? |
| A. | DNA is a duplex molecule |
| B. | DNA can be taken up from medium |
| C. | DNA can denature at high temperatures |
| D. | DNA is more stable than RNA |
| Answer» C. DNA can denature at high temperatures | |
| 36. |
The first recombinant DNA molecule was synthesized in the year ______________ |
| A. | 1962 |
| B. | 1972 |
| C. | 1982 |
| D. | 1992 |
| Answer» C. 1982 | |
| 37. |
Which enzyme is used to join together two different types of DNA molecules? |
| A. | ligase |
| B. | endonuclease |
| C. | exonuclease |
| D. | protease |
| Answer» B. endonuclease | |
| 38. |
EcoR1 exhibits a two-fold rotational symmetry. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 39. |
Which of the following enzymes in bacteria are responsible for restricting the growth of viruses? |
| A. | restriction endonuclease |
| B. | topoisomerase |
| C. | gyrase |
| D. | protease |
| Answer» B. topoisomerase | |
| 40. |
Who developed the chemical techniques to synthesize polynucleotides? |
| A. | Barbara McClintock |
| B. | James Watson |
| C. | Fredrick Sanger |
| D. | H. Gobind Khorana |
| Answer» E. | |
| 41. |
In gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules migrate from __________ to __________ ends of the gel. |
| A. | negative ... positive |
| B. | basic ... acidic |
| C. | long ... short |
| D. | positive to negative |
| Answer» B. basic ... acidic | |
| 42. |
Which of the following bacterium is used for gene transfer in plants? |
| A. | Agrobacterium |
| B. | Azatobacter |
| C. | Rhizobium |
| D. | Ecoli |
| Answer» B. Azatobacter | |
| 43. |
Tubulin is regulated by |
| A. | binding of tubulin to tubulin mRNA |
| B. | splicing of the tubulin transcript |
| C. | binding of tubulin to the tubulin translational product |
| D. | binding of tubulin to DNA |
| Answer» D. binding of tubulin to DNA | |
| 44. |
First discovered, Type II restriction endonuclease was |
| A. | Hinf I |
| B. | Eco K |
| C. | Hind II |
| D. | EcoRI |
| Answer» D. EcoRI | |
| 45. |
Recombinant DNA molecule is produced by ligating __________ |
| A. | Two DNA segments |
| B. | Two m-RNA molecules |
| C. | One m-RNA with one t-RNA |
| D. | One m-RNA with DNA segment |
| Answer» B. Two m-RNA molecules | |
| 46. |
In hybridization method, which of the following is pressed onto agar? |
| A. | Silicon paper |
| B. | Nitrocellulose paper |
| C. | Filter paper |
| D. | PVDF |
| Answer» C. Filter paper | |
| 47. |
The precise biochemical activity of a protein is described in __________ |
| A. | Phenotypic function |
| B. | Cellular function |
| C. | Molecular function |
| D. | Structural genomics |
| Answer» D. Structural genomics | |
| 48. |
Which of the following increases gene expression as much as 200-fold? |
| A. | TATA box |
| B. | Insulator |
| C. | Enhancer |
| D. | CAAT box |
| Answer» D. CAAT box | |
| 49. |
Which of the following codons is not a termination codon for protein synthesis? |
| A. | UUU |
| B. | UAG |
| C. | UAA |
| D. | UGA |
| Answer» B. UAG | |
| 50. |
Genes of different species but possessing a clear sequence and functional relationship to each other are __________ |
| A. | Ortholog |
| B. | Synteny |
| C. | Paralog |
| D. | Microarray |
| Answer» B. Synteny | |