MCQOPTIONS
Saved Bookmarks
MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 92 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Graduate Aptitude Test (GATE) knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Which of the following is employed for the repeated use of enzymes in bioprocesses? |
| A. | polymerization |
| B. | immobilization |
| C. | ligation |
| D. | isomerization |
| Answer» C. ligation | |
| 2. |
The most plausible explanation for a sudden increase of the respiratory quotient (RQ) of a microbial culture is that |
| A. | cells are dying |
| B. | yield of biomass is increasing |
| C. | the fermentation rate is increasing relative to respiration rate |
| D. | the maintenance rate is decreasing |
| Answer» D. the maintenance rate is decreasing | |
| 3. |
In a batch culture of Penicillium chrysogenum, the maximum penicillin synthesis occurs during the |
| A. | lag phase |
| B. | exponential phase |
| C. | stationary phase |
| D. | death phase |
| Answer» D. death phase | |
| 4. |
The population of a new city is 5 million and is growing at 20% annually. How many years would it take to double at this growth rate? |
| A. | 3-4 years |
| B. | 4-5 years |
| C. | 5-6 years |
| D. | 6-7 years |
| Answer» B. 4-5 years | |
| 5. |
Which of the following options is the closest in meaning to the sentence below? “As a woman, I have no country.” |
| A. | Women have no country. |
| B. | Women are not citizens of any country. |
| C. | Women’s solidarity knows no national boundaries |
| D. | Women of all countries have equal legal rights |
| Answer» D. Women of all countries have equal legal rights | |
| 6. |
Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following sentence. ____________ is the key to their happiness; they are satisfied with what they have |
| A. | Contentment |
| B. | Ambition |
| C. | Perseverance |
| D. | Hunger |
| Answer» B. Ambition | |
| 7. |
An automobile plant contracted to buy shock absorbers from two suppliers X and Y. X supplies 60% and Y supplies 40% of the shock absorbers. All shock absorbers are subjected to a quality test. The ones that pass the quality test are considered reliable. Of X’s shock absorbers, 96% are reliable. Of Y’s shock absorbers, 72% are reliable. The probability that a randomly chosen shock absorber, which is found to be reliable, is made by Y is |
| A. | 0.288 |
| B. | 0.334 |
| C. | 0.667 |
| D. | 0.720 |
| Answer» C. 0.667 | |
| 8. |
Choose the most appropriate alternative from the options given below to complete the following sentence: Despite several ––––––––– the mission succeeded in its attempt to resolve the conflict. |
| A. | attempts |
| B. | setbacks |
| C. | meetings |
| D. | delegations |
| Answer» C. meetings | |
| 9. |
Which one of the following options is the closest in meaning to the word given below? Mitigate |
| A. | Diminish |
| B. | Divulge |
| C. | Dedicate |
| D. | Denote |
| Answer» B. Divulge | |
| 10. |
Consider the data set 14, 18, 14, 14, 10, 29, 33, 31, 25. If you add 20 to each of the values, then |
| A. | both mean and variance change |
| B. | both mean and variance are unchanged |
| C. | the mean is unchanged, variance changes |
| D. | the mean changes, the variance is unchanged |
| Answer» E. | |
| 11. |
In zinc finger proteins, the amino acid residues that coordinate zinc are |
| A. | Cys and His |
| B. | Asp and Glu |
| C. | Arg and Lys |
| D. | Asp and Arg |
| Answer» B. Asp and Glu | |
| 12. |
The helix content of a protein can be determined using |
| A. | an infrared spectrometer |
| B. | a fluorescence spectrometer |
| C. | a circular dichroism spectrometer |
| D. | a UV-Visible spectrophotometer |
| Answer» D. a UV-Visible spectrophotometer | |
| 13. |
The molarity of water in a water : ethanol mixture (15 : 85, v/v) is approximately |
| A. | 0.85 |
| B. | 5.55 |
| C. | 8.5 |
| D. | 55.5 |
| Answer» D. 55.5 | |
| 14. |
In transmission electron microscopy, electron opacity is greatly enhanced by treating the specimen with |
| A. | ferrous ammonium sulfate |
| B. | uranium acetate |
| C. | sodium chloride |
| D. | basic fuchsin |
| Answer» C. sodium chloride | |
| 15. |
While searching a database for similar sequences, E value does NOT depend on the |
| A. | sequence length |
| B. | number of sequences in the database |
| C. | scoring system |
| D. | probability from a normal distribution |
| Answer» E. | |
| 16. |
Synteny refers to |
| A. | gene duplication from a common ancestor |
| B. | a tree representation of related sequences |
| C. | the extent of similarity between two sequences |
| D. | local conservation of gene order |
| Answer» E. | |
| 17. |
An example of a program for constructing a phylogenetic tree is |
| A. | phylip |
| B. | phrap |
| C. | prodom |
| D. | PHDsec |
| Answer» B. phrap | |
| 18. |
An example of a derived protein structure database is |
| A. | Pfam |
| B. | SCOP |
| C. | GEO |
| D. | Prosite |
| Answer» C. GEO | |
| 19. |
Identify the statement that is NOT applicable to an enzyme catalyzed reaction |
| A. | Enzyme catalysis involves propinquity effects |
| B. | The binding of substrate to the active site causes a strain in the substrate |
| C. | Enzymes do not accelerate the rate of reverse reaction |
| D. | Enzyme catalysis involves acid-base chemistry |
| Answer» D. Enzyme catalysis involves acid-base chemistry | |
| 20. |
During photorespiration under low CO2 and high O2 levels, O2 reacts with ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate to yield |
| A. | one molecule each of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycolate |
| B. | two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate |
| C. | two molecules of 2-phosphoglycolate |
| D. | one molecule each of 3-phosphoglycerate and glyoxylate |
| Answer» B. two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate | |
| 21. |
The direction of shell coiling in the snail Limnaea peregra is a classic example of |
| A. | chromosomal inheritance |
| B. | extra-chromosomal inheritance |
| C. | chromosomal translocation |
| D. | homologous recombination |
| Answer» C. chromosomal translocation | |
| 22. |
Protein-DNA interactions in vivo can be studied by |
| A. | gel shift assay |
| B. | Southern hybridization |
| C. | chromatin immunoprecipitation assay |
| D. | fluorescence in situ hybridization assay |
| Answer» D. fluorescence in situ hybridization assay | |
| 23. |
A truncated polypeptide is synthesized due to a nonsense mutation. Where would you introduce another mutation to obtain a full-length polypeptide? |
| A. | Ribosomal protein gene |
| B. | Transfer RNA gene |
| C. | DNA repair gene |
| D. | Ribosomal RNA gene |
| Answer» C. DNA repair gene | |
| 24. |
A protein is phosphorylated at a serine residue. A phosphomimic mutant of the protein can be generated by substituting that serine with |
| A. | glycine |
| B. | alanine |
| C. | aspartate |
| D. | threonine |
| Answer» D. threonine | |
| 25. |
Heat inactivation of serum is done to inactivate |
| A. | prions |
| B. | mycoplasma |
| C. | complement |
| D. | pathogenic bacteria |
| Answer» D. pathogenic bacteria | |
| 26. |
Nude mice refers to |
| A. | mice without skin |
| B. | mice without thymus |
| C. | knockout mice |
| D. | transgenic mice |
| Answer» C. knockout mice | |
| 27. |
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as a cryopreservant for mammalian cell cultures because |
| A. | it is an organic solvent |
| B. | it easily penetrates cells |
| C. | it protects cells by preventing crystallization of water |
| D. | it is also utilized as a nutrient |
| Answer» D. it is also utilized as a nutrient | |
| 28. |
A humanized antibody is one in which the |
| A. | heavy and light chains are from human |
| B. | heavy chain is from human and light chain is from mouse |
| C. | light chain is from human and heavy chain is from mouse |
| D. | CDRs are from mouse, and the rest is from human |
| Answer» E. | |
| 29. |
B-lymphocytes originate from the bone marrow whereas T-lymphocytes originate from |
| A. | thymus |
| B. | bone marrow |
| C. | spleen |
| D. | liver |
| Answer» C. spleen | |
| 30. |
Identification of blood groups involves |
| A. | precipitation |
| B. | neutralization |
| C. | opsonization |
| D. | agglutination |
| Answer» E. | |
| 31. |
Idiotypic determinants of an antibody are associated with the |
| A. | constant region of the heavy chains |
| B. | constant region of the light chains |
| C. | variable region |
| D. | constant regions of light and heavy chains |
| Answer» D. constant regions of light and heavy chains | |
| 32. |
The basis for blue-white screening with pUC vectors is |
| A. | intraallelic complementation |
| B. | intergenic complementation |
| C. | intragenic suppression |
| D. | extragenic suppression |
| Answer» B. intergenic complementation | |
| 33. |
In mismatch correction repair, the parental DNA strand is distinguished from the daughter strand by |
| A. | acetylation |
| B. | phosphorylation |
| C. | methylation |
| D. | glycosylation |
| Answer» D. glycosylation | |
| 34. |
Which one of the following statements is true with regard to processing and presentation of protein antigens? |
| A. | In the class II MHC pathway, protein antigens in the cytosol are processed by proteasomes |
| B. | In the class I MHC pathway, extracellular protein antigens are endocytosed into vesicles and processed |
| C. | In the class I MHC pathway, transporter associated antigen processing (TAP) protein is required for translocating processed peptides generated in the cytosol |
| D. | Invariant chain in endoplasmic reticulum is involved in transport of peptides and loading of class I MHC |
| Answer» D. Invariant chain in endoplasmic reticulum is involved in transport of peptides and loading of class I MHC | |
| 35. |
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r] Assertion: The association constant in water for the G-C base pair is three times lower than that for the A-T base pair. Reason: There are three hydrogen bonds in the G-C base pair and two in the A-T base pair. |
| A. | Both [a] and [r] are true and [r] is the correct reason for [a] |
| B. | [a] is false but [r] is true |
| C. | Both [a] and [r] are false |
| D. | Both [a] and [r] are true and [r] is not the correct reason for [a] |
| Answer» C. Both [a] and [r] are false | |
| 36. |
Which one of the following amino acids is catalyzed by activated macrophages to produce reactive nitrogen species? |
| A. | Arginine |
| B. | Asparagine |
| C. | Cysteine |
| D. | Histidine |
| Answer» B. Asparagine | |
| 37. |
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [a] and the Reason [r] Assertion: Ab initio gene finding algorithms that predict protein coding genes in eukaryotic genomes are not completely accurate. Reason: Eukaryotic splice sites are difficult to predict. |
| A. | Both [a] and [r] are false |
| B. | [a] is true but [r] is false |
| C. | Both [a] and [r] are true and [r] is the correct reason for [a] |
| D. | Both [a] and [r] are true but [r] is not the correct reason for [a] |
| Answer» D. Both [a] and [r] are true but [r] is not the correct reason for [a] | |
| 38. |
In leguminous plants, both the rhizobium genes and the plant genes influence nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Which one of the following functions is NOT encoded by the host plant genes? |
| A. | Production of inducers that modify rhizobial cell wall |
| B. | Production of flavonoid inducers |
| C. | Establishment of contact between bacteria and legume |
| D. | Root hair curling |
| Answer» E. | |
| 39. |
Which one of the following plant secondary metabolites is a natural insecticide? |
| A. | Digitoxin |
| B. | Pyrethrin |
| C. | Salicylic acid |
| D. | Avenacin A-1 |
| Answer» C. Salicylic acid | |
| 40. |
Which one of the following techniques is used to monitor RNA transcripts, both temporally and spatially? |
| A. | Northern blotting |
| B. | In situ hybridization |
| C. | Southern blotting |
| D. | (D)Western blotting |
| Answer» C. Southern blotting | |
| 41. |
Standard error is |
| A. | the probability of a type I error in a statistical test |
| B. | the error in estimating a sample standard deviation |
| C. | the standard deviation of a variable that follows standard normal distribution |
| D. | the standard deviation of distribution of sample means |
| Answer» E. | |
| 42. |
Which one of the following statements is true for actin? |
| A. | Actin filament is structurally polarized and the two ends are not identical |
| B. | De novo actin polymerization is a single-step process |
| C. | The pointed end of the actin filaments is the fast growing end |
| D. | Actin forms spindle fibers during mitosis |
| Answer» B. De novo actin polymerization is a single-step process | |
| 43. |
Cell type A secretes molecule X into the culture medium. Cell type B in the same culture responds to the molecule X by expressing protein Y. Which one of the following modes of signaling represents the interaction between A and B? |
| A. | Autocrine |
| B. | Juxtacrine |
| C. | Paracrine |
| D. | Intracrine |
| Answer» D. Intracrine | |
| 44. |
Which one of the following bioreactor configurations is the basis for a trickling biological filter? |
| A. | Stirred tank |
| B. | Packed bed |
| C. | Air lift |
| D. | Fluidized bed |
| Answer» C. Air lift | |
| 45. |
Which one of the following is NOT a principal component of innate immunity? |
| A. | Mucosal epithelia |
| B. | Dendritic cells |
| C. | Complement system |
| D. | Memory B-cells |
| Answer» E. | |
| 46. |
Which one of the following metabolic processes in mammalian cells does NOT occur in the mitochondria? |
| A. | Citric acid cycle |
| B. | Oxidative phosphorylation |
| C. | Fatty acid β-oxidation |
| D. | Glycolysis |
| Answer» E. | |
| 47. |
Which one of the following is INCORRECT about protein structures? |
| A. | A protein fold is stabilized by favorable non-covalent interactions |
| B. | javascript:;All parts of a fold can be classified as helices, strands or turns |
| C. | Two non-covalent atoms cannot be closer than the sum of their van der Waals radii |
| D. | The peptide bond is nearly planar |
| Answer» C. Two non-covalent atoms cannot be closer than the sum of their van der Waals radii | |
| 48. |
A mixture contains three similarly sized peptides P, Q and R. The peptide P is positively charged, Q is weakly negative and R is strongly negative. If this mixture is passed through an ion-exchange chromatography column containing an anionic resin, their order of elution will be |
| A. | P, Q, R |
| B. | R, Q, P |
| C. | Q, R, P |
| D. | P, Q and R elute together |
| Answer» C. Q, R, P | |
| 49. |
Which one of the following BLAST search programs is used to identify homologs of a genomic DNA query in a protein sequence database? |
| A. | blastp |
| B. | blastn |
| C. | blastx |
| D. | tblastn |
| Answer» D. tblastn | |
| 50. |
Which one of the following is an example of a neurotoxin? |
| A. | Cholera toxin |
| B. | Streptolysin-O |
| C. | Botulinum toxin |
| D. | Diphtheria toxin |
| Answer» D. Diphtheria toxin | |