Initially Rashtrakutas were subordinate to the Chalukyas of Karnataka. In the mid-eighth century, a Rashtrakuta chief, overthrew his Chalukya overlord and performed a ritual called hiranya-garbha (literally, the golden womb). It was thought to lead to the "rebirth" of the sacrifice as a Kshatriya, even if he was not one by birth. The chief referred here is

• A.  Vijayalaya                   
• B.  Qantidurga
• C.  Rajendra          
• D.  Sultan Mahmud