MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 389 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering [ENT knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
From 20 localization measurements, 18 were inside a radius of 15 meters around the true position, while 2 was outside. This results in an accuracy of 15 meters with a precision of __________. |
| A. | 0.2 |
| B. | 0.8 |
| C. | 95%. |
| D. | 0.9 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 2. |
A _____________ is a tuple, containing all anchors which can be seen at this place and their signal strengths (RSSI or LQI). |
| A. | footprint |
| B. | path print |
| C. | fingerprint |
| D. | handprint |
| Answer» D. handprint | |
| 3. |
Location mules are another interesting approach to proximity schemes, where |
| A. | there are installed anchors with an on-board gps |
| B. | a mobile node with an on-board gps |
| C. | a mobile node without an on-board gps |
| D. | there are installed anchors without an on-board gps |
| Answer» C. a mobile node without an on-board gps | |
| 4. |
From 20 localization measurements, 19 were inside a radius of 15 meters around the true position, while 1 was outside. This results in an accuracy of 15 meters with a precision of __________. |
| A. | 0.05 |
| B. | 0.05263157894736842 |
| C. | 95%. |
| D. | 0.05 |
| Answer» D. 0.05 | |
| 5. |
Which of the following is not a prohibitive factors for GPS in wireless sensor networks |
| A. | power consumption |
| B. | accuracy maximum up to 15 meters |
| C. | cost and size |
| D. | need for line of sight (los) |
| Answer» C. cost and size | |
| 6. |
In WSN messages travel multiple hops, so if it has a________ reliability on each link, then the probability of a message transiting the entire network would be _________. |
| A. | high, high |
| B. | high, low |
| C. | low, low |
| D. | low, high |
| Answer» C. low, low | |
| 7. |
Which of the following measurement is based two signals with different velocities |
| A. | time of arrival (toa) |
| B. | one-way time of arrival |
| C. | two-way time of arrival |
| D. | time difference of arrival (tdoa) |
| Answer» E. | |
| 8. |
Select incorrect statement |
| A. | hop corresponds to some distance in the network, thus more hops correspond to longer distance. |
| B. | geographic proximity guarantee the availability or the shortness of a route to the destination. |
| C. | number of hops from the destination is not available at all nodes. needs to be discovered |
| D. | two protocols can use the same metric, but perform the routing differently and with different efficiency. |
| Answer» C. number of hops from the destination is not available at all nodes. needs to be discovered | |
| 9. |
_____________ is special sensor networks and refers to the collection of data from all nodes to a dedicated sink. |
| A. | full network broadcast |
| B. | unicast |
| C. | multicast |
| D. | convergecast |
| Answer» E. | |
| 10. |
___________ has several destinations. There is a single source, but multiple destinations of the data. |
| A. | full network broadcast |
| B. | unicast |
| C. | multicast |
| D. | convergecast |
| Answer» D. convergecast | |
| 11. |
_____________ has one source and one destination, which could be any nodes in the network |
| A. | full network broadcast |
| B. | unicast |
| C. | multicast |
| D. | convergecast |
| Answer» C. multicast | |
| 12. |
___________ delivers the message to all nodes in the network. Single source and all destinations |
| A. | full network broadcast |
| B. | unicast |
| C. | multicast |
| D. | convergecast |
| Answer» B. unicast | |
| 13. |
A dedicated node(s) in the network, which is the embedded destination of any data in this network is called as |
| A. | data source |
| B. | data destination |
| C. | data forwarder |
| D. | data sink |
| Answer» E. | |
| 14. |
Any node in the network, which is able to receive it from another node and to send it further is called as |
| A. | data source |
| B. | data destination |
| C. | data forwarder |
| D. | data sink |
| Answer» D. data sink | |
| 15. |
The node in the network, which requires the data and is able to receive it from other nodes in the network is called as |
| A. | data source |
| B. | data destination |
| C. | data forwarder |
| D. | data sink |
| Answer» C. data forwarder | |
| 16. |
The node in the network, which produces the required data and is able to send it out to other nodes in the network is called as |
| A. | data source |
| B. | data destination |
| C. | data forwarder |
| D. | data sink |
| Answer» B. data destination | |
| 17. |
While testing whether a node is inside a triangle or outside by moving node under consideration in any direction. If it does not gets closer or further away from all the three triangle corners, then it is ________ the triangle. |
| A. | outside |
| B. | inside |
| C. | may outside or inside |
| D. | cannot predict |
| Answer» B. inside | |
| 18. |
While testing whether a node is inside a triangle or outside by moving node under consideration in any direction. If it gets closer or further away from all three triangle corners, then it is ________ the triangle. |
| A. | outside |
| B. | inside |
| C. | may outside or inside |
| D. | cannot predict |
| Answer» B. inside | |
| 19. |
Node A and B 130 meters away and 5 hope separated and Node A and c 120 meters away and 5 hope separated. Then the mean hop length is___ meters. |
| A. | 24 |
| B. | 25 |
| C. | 26 |
| D. | 50 |
| Answer» C. 26 | |
| 20. |
Node A and B 130 meters away and 5 hope separated. Node B and C 170 meters away and 6 hope separated and Node A and c 120 meters away and 5 hope separated. Then the mean hop length is___ meters. |
| A. | 24 |
| B. | 28.3 |
| C. | 26 |
| D. | 26.1 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 21. |
Hop Based Localization uses the ___________ to calculate the approximate distance to the anchor. |
| A. | median hop length |
| B. | mean hop length |
| C. | minimum hop length |
| D. | maximum hop length |
| Answer» C. minimum hop length | |
| 22. |
Trilateration technique measures the _______to all anchors and Triangulation measures ________to all anchors, |
| A. | angle, distance |
| B. | angle, angle |
| C. | distance, angle |
| D. | distance, distance |
| Answer» D. distance, distance | |
| 23. |
Following is the example of Range-Free Localization. |
| A. | hop-based localization |
| B. | point in triangle (pit) |
| C. | both a and b |
| D. | triangulation |
| Answer» D. triangulation | |
| 24. |
Range-free localization trying to find _____________ values distances or angles. |
| A. | exact |
| B. | approximate |
| C. | actual |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. actual | |
| 25. |
Trilateration measures distance based on radio communication by mapping _____ values into distances. |
| A. | received signal strength indicator - rssi |
| B. | link quality indicator - lqi |
| C. | rssi or lqi |
| D. | rssi and lqi |
| Answer» B. link quality indicator - lqi | |
| 26. |
Node gather enough anchor points and measurements, they compute their own locations. Once they have localized, they also declare themselves as an anchors. In this way, sensor nodes without enough anchors get a chance to localize. This approach is called as ____________ localization. |
| A. | iterative |
| B. | direct |
| C. | range free |
| D. | a and c both |
| Answer» B. direct | |
| 27. |
In case of iterative localization the accuracy of localization ________ with each iteration. |
| A. | increases |
| B. | decreases |
| C. | remains same |
| D. | may increase or decrease |
| Answer» C. remains same | |
| 28. |
The time difference of arrival method uses ___________ communication interfaces to estimate distance. |
| A. | radio only |
| B. | acoustic only |
| C. | radio and acoustic |
| D. | radio or acoustic |
| Answer» D. radio or acoustic | |
| 29. |
For trilateration, we measure _______ between the node and anchors. |
| A. | angle |
| B. | distance |
| C. | angle and distance |
| D. | angle and height |
| Answer» C. angle and distance | |
| 30. |
In triangulation, need to measure the angle between the sensor node and the anchors and use this information to compute nodes own position. |
| A. | angle |
| B. | distance |
| C. | angle and distance |
| D. | angle and height |
| Answer» B. distance | |
| 31. |
For trilateration, we measure distances to at least _______ anchors. |
| A. | 2 |
| B. | 3 |
| C. | 4 |
| D. | 5 |
| Answer» C. 4 | |
| 32. |
In location mules, there are no ____________ in the environment. Instead, a _________ with an on-board GPS receiver is used. |
| A. | installed anchors, router |
| B. | installed anchors, mobile node |
| C. | mobile node, installed anchors |
| D. | mobile node, personal computer |
| Answer» C. mobile node, installed anchors | |
| 33. |
The ________ the transmission power of the mule, then ________ is the accuracy of positioning. |
| A. | weaker, weaker |
| B. | better, better |
| C. | weaker, better |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 34. |
_____________ has strategy of Non-anchor nodes try to locate themselves by sensing the positions of anchor nodes in their proximity |
| A. | post-deployment localization |
| B. | pre-deployment localization |
| C. | proximity scheme of localization |
| D. | b and c both |
| Answer» E. | |
| 35. |
Pre-deployment Schemes provide sensor nodes with their location information of consist of _________ |
| A. | symbolic information |
| B. | postal address |
| C. | a and b both |
| D. | gps location |
| Answer» D. gps location | |
| 36. |
Pre-deployment Schemes provide sensor nodes with their location information _________ them in the environment. |
| A. | before installing |
| B. | after installing |
| C. | both are possible |
| D. | initially during network formation |
| Answer» B. after installing | |
| 37. |
Range free target tracking algorithm relies on |
| A. | distance calculation, |
| B. | range calculation, |
| C. | connectivity of nodes |
| D. | a and c both |
| Answer» D. a and c both | |
| 38. |
Range Based target tracking algorithm relies on |
| A. | distance calculation, |
| B. | range calculation, |
| C. | connectivity of nodes |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» E. | |
| 39. |
If the target cooperates itself in localization & tracking, then it is called as _________ target tracking. |
| A. | active |
| B. | collaborative |
| C. | cooperative |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 40. |
Anchor nodes are the nodes having ________. |
| A. | compass on it |
| B. | gps on it |
| C. | trans-receiver on it |
| D. | internet connectivity |
| Answer» C. trans-receiver on it | |
| 41. |
Few node consist of GPS installed on it to simplify the localization are called as _________. |
| A. | anchor nodes |
| B. | simple nodes |
| C. | master nodes |
| D. | router nodes |
| Answer» B. simple nodes | |
| 42. |
Localization methods have _______________ costs associated with it |
| A. | communication cost and infrastructure cost only |
| B. | space cost and communication cost only |
| C. | space cost, communication cost and infrastructure cost only |
| D. | space cost, communication cost and energy cost only |
| Answer» D. space cost, communication cost and energy cost only | |
| 43. |
Tracking problem can be described as the solution of a |
| A. | set of localization problems at successive time intervals. |
| B. | set of localization problems at successive location. |
| C. | single localization problems at fixed time intervals. |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. set of localization problems at successive location. | |
| 44. |
A typical GPS receivers achieve 15 meters accuracy with 95% precision. This means that in 95% of all measurements you stay in the radius of 15 meters, whereas in the remaining 5% you have _____ errors. |
| A. | smaller |
| B. | larger |
| C. | can not specify |
| D. | a or b |
| Answer» C. can not specify | |
| 45. |
Localization accuracy is the _____________ distance between the estimated and the real position of the sensor node. |
| A. | average |
| B. | smallest |
| C. | largest |
| D. | mean |
| Answer» D. mean | |
| 46. |
For outdoor wireless sensor networks ________ is used for localization |
| A. | gps |
| B. | postal address |
| C. | semantic information |
| D. | a and b both |
| Answer» E. | |
| 47. |
RPF eliminates the ________ in the flooding process |
| A. | forwarding |
| B. | flooding |
| C. | backwarding |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 48. |
_______________ is essential for any WSN application. |
| A. | time synchronization |
| B. | localization |
| C. | time synchronization & localization |
| D. | a or b any one |
| Answer» D. a or b any one | |
| 49. |
Lokalization is nothiong but |
| A. | determining the node’s geographical location |
| B. | determining the node’s relative position |
| C. | a or b |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» D. none of above | |
| 50. |
In RPF, a router forwards only the copy that has traveled the _______ path from the source to the router. |
| A. | shortest |
| B. | longest |
| C. | average |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. longest | |