MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 657 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Testing Subject knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
The transcription of the viral nucleic acid into mRNA is not necessary in case of |
| A. | RNA viruses |
| B. | ds DNA viruses |
| C. | ss DNA viruses |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. ds DNA viruses | |
| 2. |
Mumps vaccine is prepared from the cultures of |
| A. | chick fibroblasts |
| B. | African green monkey cells |
| C. | healthy calves |
| D. | sheep |
| Answer» B. African green monkey cells | |
| 3. |
The microbes which are most likely to be completely dependent on a plant or animal host are |
| A. | viruses |
| B. | bacteria |
| C. | fungi |
| D. | algae |
| Answer» B. bacteria | |
| 4. |
The two major components of viruses are |
| A. | fat and protein |
| B. | nucleic acid and protein |
| C. | carbohydrate and nucleic acid |
| D. | fat and carbohydrate |
| Answer» C. carbohydrate and nucleic acid | |
| 5. |
Swelling of the can is caused primarily by |
| A. | gas forming, anaerobic spore formers |
| B. | gas forming, aerobic spore formers |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. gas forming, aerobic spore formers | |
| 6. |
The commonest mode of transmission of HIV is |
| A. | parenteral |
| B. | perintal |
| C. | sexual |
| D. | oral |
| Answer» D. oral | |
| 7. |
Transfer of infection from cell to cell occurs mainly by direct transfer of virions via |
| A. | plasmodesmata |
| B. | cytodesmata |
| C. | protodesmata |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. cytodesmata | |
| 8. |
Yellow discolorations in meat are caused by bacteria with yellow pigments, usually species of |
| A. | Micrococcus |
| B. | Flavobacterium |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | Pseudomonas syncyanea |
| Answer» D. Pseudomonas syncyanea | |
| 9. |
Beef hams are made spongy by species of |
| A. | Rhodotorula |
| B. | Bacillus |
| C. | Pseudomonas |
| D. | red Bacillus |
| Answer» C. Pseudomonas | |
| 10. |
Acidophilus milk which is used for its therapeutic properties in intestinal disorders requires for its manufacture a pure culture of |
| A. | Lactobacillus bulgaricus |
| B. | Streptococcus thermophilics |
| C. | Lactobacillus acidophilus |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» D. None of the above | |
| 11. |
Lactic acid bacteria in meats may be responsible for |
| A. | slime formation at the surface or within especially in presence of sucrose |
| B. | production of green discoloration |
| C. | souring |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 12. |
West Nile virus can cause a disease in human beings that may be transmitted from an infected bird to a person by a mosquito. This is an example of |
| A. | endogenous infection |
| B. | fomite borne disease |
| C. | arthropod borne disease |
| D. | nosocomial infection |
| Answer» D. nosocomial infection | |
| 13. |
What does the positive strand in double stranded RNA viruses stands for? |
| A. | rRNA |
| B. | tRNA |
| C. | mRNA |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 14. |
Viral infections frequently observed in HIV disease is /are |
| A. | herpes simplex |
| B. | varicella- zoster |
| C. | cytomegalo virus |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 15. |
Stem and rots caused by species of molds involve |
| A. | leaves of fruits |
| B. | stem ends of fruits |
| C. | spotting on vegetables |
| D. | spotting on fruits |
| Answer» C. spotting on vegetables | |
| 16. |
Ropiness caused by Enterobacter usually is |
| A. | worse at the middle of the milk |
| B. | worse at the bottom of the milk |
| C. | worse near the top of the milk |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» D. all of these | |
| 17. |
Which of the following viral infections is associated with the development of hydrophobia? |
| A. | Rabies |
| B. | Influenza |
| C. | Polio |
| D. | Hepatitis |
| Answer» B. Influenza | |
| 18. |
The species of animals which is most susceptible to rabies infection is |
| A. | dog |
| B. | cat |
| C. | fowl |
| D. | cow |
| Answer» C. fowl | |
| 19. |
Which of the following clinical specimens can be used for the demonstration of rabies antigen by direct immunofluorescence antemortem? |
| A. | Salivary smears |
| B. | Corneal smears |
| C. | Conjunctival smears |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 20. |
Which of the following viruses is star-shaped in outline and transmitted by the faecal-oral route? |
| A. | Astrovirus |
| B. | Calicivirus |
| C. | Hepatitis E virus |
| D. | Hepatitis D virus |
| Answer» B. Calicivirus | |
| 21. |
The virus(es) which has club-shaped peplomers and infects the respiratory tract is/are |
| A. | Coronavirus ' |
| B. | Astroviruses |
| C. | Norwalk agent |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» B. Astroviruses | |
| 22. |
Viropexis takes place in the phagocytic vacuoles and is due to the action of enzymes |
| A. | DNA gyrase |
| B. | lysosomal protease |
| C. | lysosomal lipase |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» C. lysosomal lipase | |
| 23. |
The structural abnormality of cells is termed as |
| A. | hyperplasia |
| B. | anaplasia |
| C. | metastasis |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» C. metastasis | |
| 24. |
The penetration of animal viruses into attached cells occur by mechanisms consisting of engulfment of whole virions by the cells in a phagocytic process called |
| A. | vitropexis |
| B. | viropexis |
| C. | ectodesmata |
| D. | vivopexis |
| Answer» C. ectodesmata | |
| 25. |
The tissue structure deteriorates as the virus multiplies. This deterioration is called |
| A. | aneuploidy |
| B. | protopathic effect |
| C. | cytopathic effect |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 26. |
Which of the following virus is transmitted by genital route? |
| A. | Papillomaviruses |
| B. | Herpes simplex virus type 2 |
| C. | Hepatitis B virus |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 27. |
The RNA sarcoma viruses, the most strongly transforming viruses may transform which of the following cells in a culture? |
| A. | fibroblasts |
| B. | myoblasts |
| C. | iris epithelial |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 28. |
The uncontrolled proliferation of cells is termed as |
| A. | hyperplasia |
| B. | anaplasia |
| C. | metastasis |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. anaplasia | |
| 29. |
The spoilage of eggs by fungi goes through stages of mold growth that give the defects their names. Very early mold growth is termed |
| A. | pin-spot molding |
| B. | fungal rotting |
| C. | superficial fungal spoilage |
| D. | any of these |
| Answer» B. fungal rotting | |
| 30. |
Iced, cut up poultry often develops a slime i.e. accompanied by an odor describe as tainted, acid, sour or dishraggy. This defect is chiefly by the species of |
| A. | Pseudomonas |
| B. | Alcaligenes |
| C. | hetero-fermentative species |
| D. | catalase negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. Alcaligenes | |
| 31. |
The predominant micro-organisms in frozen foods are |
| A. | bacteria |
| B. | micro-coccus |
| C. | yeast and moulds |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 32. |
White spot in meat is formed due to presence of |
| A. | P. expansum |
| B. | Sporotrichum carnis |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | P. oxalicum |
| Answer» C. both (a) and (b) | |
| 33. |
Fluorescence microscopy can be used for the diagnosis of |
| A. | Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
| B. | Herpes simplex encephalitis |
| C. | Rabies |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
Fungal infection/s frequently observed in HIV disease is /are: |
| A. | candidiasis |
| B. | cryptococcosis |
| C. | aspergillosis |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 35. |
Surface taint in butter which is blamed on Pseudomonas putrefaciens is also called as |
| A. | rabbito |
| B. | putridity |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 36. |
Green rots in eggs is chiefly caused by |
| A. | Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| B. | Micrococcus or Bacillus species |
| C. | Molds or yeasts |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. Micrococcus or Bacillus species | |
| 37. |
Species of __________ are predominant on thawing vegetables like sweet corn and peas when the temperature of thawing is fairly low. |
| A. | Streptococcus |
| B. | Micrococcus |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. both (a) and (b) | |
| 38. |
The technique first described to determine the incipient spoilage in meat was |
| A. | homogenate extract volume (HEV) |
| B. | agar Plate Count (APC) |
| C. | extract Release Volume (ERV) |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 39. |
The red color of meat, called its bloom, may be changed to shades of green, brown or grey as a result of production of oxidizing compounds by bacteria. Which of the following species are reported to cause the greening of sausage? |
| A. | Lactobacillus |
| B. | Leuconostoc |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | Pseudomonas |
| Answer» D. Pseudomonas | |
| 40. |
Interanuclear inclusion bodies are found in cells infected with |
| A. | Parvoviruses |
| B. | Herpesviruses |
| C. | Adenoviruses |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 41. |
The growth of Streptomyces on straw or elsewhere near the egg may produce |
| A. | musty or earthy flavors |
| B. | hay odour |
| C. | fishy flavor |
| D. | cabbage-water flavor |
| Answer» B. hay odour | |
| 42. |
Plant viruses penetrate host cells through transient ores called |
| A. | ectodesmata |
| B. | endodesmata |
| C. | cytodesmata |
| D. | protodesmata |
| Answer» B. endodesmata | |
| 43. |
The predominant lipid substance found in the viral envelope is |
| A. | phospholipids |
| B. | glycolipids |
| C. | neutral fat |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. glycolipids | |
| 44. |
In storage atmospheres of high humidity variety of molds may cause |
| A. | superficial fungal spoilage |
| B. | bacterial spoilage |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. bacterial spoilage | |
| 45. |
Pseudomonas syncyanea produces a |
| A. | bluish gray to brownish color in milk in its pure form |
| B. | brownish color to bluish gray in milk in its pure form |
| C. | gray to brownish color in milk |
| D. | yellow color in milk |
| Answer» B. brownish color to bluish gray in milk in its pure form | |
| 46. |
Yeast are most likely to grow in frozen fruits during |
| A. | slow thawing |
| B. | refrigeration |
| C. | ambient temperature |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. refrigeration | |
| 47. |
Under what conditions food poisoning bacteria may grow and produce toxins in vegetables? |
| A. | When thawed vegetables are held at refrigerated temperature for any considerable period |
| B. | When thawed vegetables are held at room temperature for any considerable period |
| C. | When thawed vegetables are held below refrigerated temperature for any considerable period |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» C. When thawed vegetables are held below refrigerated temperature for any considerable period | |
| 48. |
Bacterial soft rot is caused due to |
| A. | fermentation of pectin |
| B. | fermentation of sugars |
| C. | formation of ketones |
| D. | formation of amino acids |
| Answer» B. fermentation of sugars | |
| 49. |
Which of the following microorganisms grow in beef at a temperature of 15°C and above? |
| A. | Micrococci |
| B. | Pseudomonas |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | Lactobacillus |
| Answer» D. Lactobacillus | |
| 50. |
Which of the following is recommended for the improvement in flavor during ageing of beef under controlled conditions? |
| A. | Thamnidium |
| B. | Rhizopus |
| C. | T. elegans |
| D. | M. mucedo |
| Answer» B. Rhizopus | |