MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 657 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Testing Subject knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Which of the following is a measure of the effect of an enzyme’s concentration on flux through a multi-enzyme pathway? |
| A. | Response coefficient |
| B. | Elasticity coefficient |
| C. | Flux control coefficient |
| D. | Metabolic control |
| Answer» D. Metabolic control | |
| 2. |
Which of the following two beverages contribute 20 to 30 percent of our daily manganese intake? |
| A. | Milk or tea |
| B. | Cola or coffee |
| C. | Tea or orange juice |
| D. | Milk or orange juice |
| Answer» B. Cola or coffee | |
| 3. |
Which of the following is not a factor determining the activity of an enzyme? |
| A. | Association with regulatory protein |
| B. | Sequestration |
| C. | Allosteric regulation |
| D. | Nucleotides |
| Answer» E. | |
| 4. |
Which of the following is not a function of iron? |
| A. | Oxygen transport |
| B. | Immune function |
| C. | Brain function |
| D. | Gene regulation |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
What are the effects of increased concentration of citrate? |
| A. | Increases the inhibitory effect of ATP |
| B. | Decreases the inhibitory effect of ATP |
| C. | Increases the activity of ATP |
| D. | Increases the activity of AMP |
| Answer» B. Decreases the inhibitory effect of ATP | |
| 6. |
Metabolic control analysis does not suggests that |
| A. | When the blood glucose level rises, insulin acts in muscle to increase glucose transport into cells by bringing GLUT4 to the plasma membrane |
| B. | When the blood glucose level rises, insulin acts in muscle to induce the synthesis of PFK-1 |
| C. | When the blood glucose level rises, insulin acts in muscle to activate glycogen synthase by covalent alteration |
| D. | When the blood glucose level rises, insulin acts in muscle to induce the synthesis of hexokinase |
| Answer» C. When the blood glucose level rises, insulin acts in muscle to activate glycogen synthase by covalent alteration | |
| 7. |
PCR amplifies millions of copies of |
| A. | a short fragment of DNA |
| B. | the entire genome (all the DNA in a sample) |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | short chain RNA |
| Answer» B. the entire genome (all the DNA in a sample) | |
| 8. |
PCR can be used in |
| A. | cloning |
| B. | sequencing |
| C. | medical diagnosis and forensic medicine |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
Southern blotting involves |
| A. | electrophoresis of DNA molecules and then blotting the separated DNA bands followed by incubation |
| B. | electrophoresis of DNA molecules and then blotting the separated RNA bands followed by incubation |
| C. | electrophoresis of DNA molecules followed by incubation |
| D. | electrophoresis of RNA molecules and then blotting the separated RNA bands followed by incubation |
| Answer» B. electrophoresis of DNA molecules and then blotting the separated RNA bands followed by incubation | |
| 10. |
PCR is an abbreviation for |
| A. | Protein Change Reaction |
| B. | Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| C. | Positive Charge Reaction: |
| D. | Preliminary Change Rate |
| Answer» C. Positive Charge Reaction: | |
| 11. |
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) can make multiple copies of |
| A. | DNA |
| B. | RNA |
| C. | protein |
| D. | carbohydrate |
| Answer» B. RNA | |
| 12. |
What is the relationship between ∆G and ∆G‘°? |
| A. | ∆G = ∆G‘° + RTln([products]/[reactants]) |
| B. | ∆G = ∆G‘° – RTln([products]/[reactants]) |
| C. | ∆G = ∆G‘° + RTln([reactants]/[products]) |
| D. | ∆G = ∆G‘° – RTln([reactants]/[products]) |
| Answer» B. ∆G = ∆G‘° – RTln([products]/[reactants]) | |
| 13. |
Whenever the cell’s ATP supply is depleted, which of the following enzyme’s activity is increased? |
| A. | Hexokinase |
| B. | Pyruvate kinase |
| C. | Glucokinase |
| D. | Phosphofructokinase-1 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 14. |
An exergonic reaction |
| A. | Proceeds spontaneously |
| B. | Does not require activation energy |
| C. | Releases energy |
| D. | Requires energy |
| Answer» D. Requires energy | |
| 15. |
The main source of glucose carbons for gluconeogenesis is |
| A. | Guanine |
| B. | Alanine |
| C. | Cysteine |
| D. | Threonine |
| Answer» C. Cysteine | |
| 16. |
Which of the following enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate? |
| A. | Glycogen phosphorylase |
| B. | Isomerase |
| C. | Phosphoglucomutase |
| D. | Epimerase |
| Answer» D. Epimerase | |
| 17. |
When glucose is converted to lactate by anaerobic glycolysis, equivalent number of ATPs derived is? |
| A. | 1 |
| B. | 2 |
| C. | 3 |
| D. | 4 |
| Answer» C. 3 | |
| 18. |
The conversion of which of the following involves two nucleotide derivatives? |
| A. | Galactose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate |
| B. | Galactose 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate |
| C. | Fructose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate |
| D. | Lactose 1-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate |
| Answer» B. Galactose 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate | |
| 19. |
Diminished flow of blood to tissues is termed as |
| A. | Hypoxia |
| B. | Ischemia |
| C. | Homeostasis |
| D. | Metabolism |
| Answer» C. Homeostasis | |
| 20. |
The first reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway is |
| A. | Oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone |
| B. | Oxidation of 6-phosphogluconate to ketopentose ribulose 5-phosphate |
| C. | Reduction of 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone to glucose 6-phosphate |
| D. | Reduction of ketopentose ribulose 5-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate |
| Answer» B. Oxidation of 6-phosphogluconate to ketopentose ribulose 5-phosphate | |
| 21. |
How many steps are catalyzed by same enzymes in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis? |
| A. | 6 |
| B. | 7 |
| C. | 8 |
| D. | 9 |
| Answer» C. 8 | |
| 22. |
In the pentose phosphate pathway, the major products are |
| A. | Ribulose and NADPH |
| B. | Ribulose and NADH |
| C. | Ribulose and NAD⁺ |
| D. | Ribulose and ATP |
| Answer» B. Ribulose and NADH | |
| 23. |
Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is correct? |
| A. | Pyruvate is first converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase |
| B. | Fructose 1, 6-biphosphatase converts fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate into fructose 1-phosphate |
| C. | Glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate to release glucose into the blood |
| D. | Glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and muscle |
| Answer» D. Glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and muscle | |
| 24. |
Which of the following is a measure of how responsive the enzyme is to changes in the concentration of a metabolite? |
| A. | Response coefficient |
| B. | Elasticity coefficient |
| C. | Flux control coefficient |
| D. | Metabolic control |
| Answer» C. Flux control coefficient | |
| 25. |
What transports copper from the intestinal cells to the liver? |
| A. | Ceruloplasmin |
| B. | Secretin |
| C. | Acrolein |
| D. | Albumin |
| Answer» B. Secretin | |
| 26. |
The use of NADPH generated from pentose phosphate pathway cannot be |
| A. | Can be oxidized in the electron transport chain to provide 38 ATPs |
| B. | Used for the synthesis of fatty acids |
| C. | Used for the macrophageal functions |
| D. | Used for steroid synthesis |
| Answer» B. Used for the synthesis of fatty acids | |
| 27. |
Which of the following statements is true about brain metabolism in starvation? |
| A. | The brain can use glucogenic amino acids for energy |
| B. | The brain can only use glucose as fuel |
| C. | Up to a quarter of energy requirement of the brain can come from fatty acids |
| D. | Up to a half of energy requirement of the brain can come from ketone bodies |
| Answer» B. The brain can only use glucose as fuel | |
| 28. |
Some regulated enzymes control the flux through a pathway, this activity is |
| A. | Regulation |
| B. | Control |
| C. | Metabolism |
| D. | Anabolism |
| Answer» C. Metabolism | |
| 29. |
Which of the following organisms cannot covert acetyl-coA derived from fatty acids into glucose? |
| A. | Animals |
| B. | Plants |
| C. | Bacteria |
| D. | Virus |
| Answer» B. Plants | |
| 30. |
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is rapidly and reversibly converted to |
| A. | Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate |
| B. | 1, 3-bis-phosphoglycerate |
| C. | Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate |
| D. | Fructose 6-phosphate |
| Answer» B. 1, 3-bis-phosphoglycerate | |
| 31. |
Oxidation of 3 molecules of glucose by pentose phosphate pathway results in the production of |
| A. | 3 molecules of pentose, 6 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO₂ |
| B. | 4 molecules of pentose, 6 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO₂ |
| C. | 4 molecules of pentose, 3 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO₂ |
| D. | 3 molecules of pentose, 4 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO₂ |
| Answer» B. 4 molecules of pentose, 6 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of CO₂ | |
| 32. |
Adding __________ to a breakfast of cereal will help your body absorb iron. |
| A. | milk |
| B. | orange juice |
| C. | coffee |
| D. | water |
| Answer» C. coffee | |
| 33. |
Why does the glycolytic pathway continue in the direction of glucose catabolism? |
| A. | There are essentially three irreversible reactions that act as the driving force for the pathway |
| B. | High levels of ATP keep the pathway going in a forward direction |
| C. | The enzymes of glycolysis only function in one direction |
| D. | Glycolysis occurs in either direction |
| Answer» B. High levels of ATP keep the pathway going in a forward direction | |
| 34. |
Which is an example for chemical to electromagnetic energy conversion that occurs in living organisms? |
| A. | ATP-driven muscle contraction |
| B. | ATP-dependent photon emission in fireflies |
| C. | light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts |
| D. | ATP-driven active transport across a membrane |
| Answer» C. light-induced electron flow in chloroplasts | |
| 35. |
Which of the following is the most influential in setting the flux through glycolysis? |
| A. | Hexokinase |
| B. | PFK-1 |
| C. | PFK-2 |
| D. | Both hexokinase and PFK-1 |
| Answer» B. PFK-1 | |
| 36. |
The binding of ligands to many GPCRs leads to |
| A. | Decrease in concentration of second messengers |
| B. | Increase in concentration of second messengers |
| C. | Decrease in concentration of first messengers |
| D. | Increase in concentration of first messengers |
| Answer» B. Increase in concentration of second messengers | |
| 37. |
Enzyme involved in the pathway of ethanol fermentation? |
| A. | Hexokinase |
| B. | Pyruvate decarboxylase |
| C. | Pyruvate dehydrogenase |
| D. | Pyruvate kinase |
| Answer» C. Pyruvate dehydrogenase | |
| 38. |
Normal glucose metabolism requires |
| A. | chromium |
| B. | manganese |
| C. | magnesium |
| D. | calcium |
| Answer» B. manganese | |
| 39. |
Diminished delivery of oxygen to tissues is termed as |
| A. | Hypoxia |
| B. | Ischemia |
| C. | Homeostasis |
| D. | Metabolism |
| Answer» B. Ischemia | |
| 40. |
If enthalpy change for a reaction is zero, then ∆G° equals to |
| A. | -T∆S° |
| B. | T∆S° |
| C. | -∆H° |
| D. | lnkeq |
| Answer» B. T∆S° | |
| 41. |
Which of the following mineral deficiency may result into impaired growth and development, skin lesions and loss of appetite? |
| A. | Zinc |
| B. | Cobalt |
| C. | Iron |
| D. | Magnesium |
| Answer» B. Cobalt | |
| 42. |
The main function of pentose phosphate pathway is |
| A. | Supply NADP⁺ |
| B. | Supply NADH |
| C. | Supply energy |
| D. | Supply pentoses and NADPH |
| Answer» E. | |
| 43. |
Gluconeogenesis involves conversion of |
| A. | Glucose to pyruvate |
| B. | Pyruvate to glucose |
| C. | Phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose |
| D. | Pyruvate to fructose |
| Answer» C. Phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose | |
| 44. |
Which of the following statements is true about PFK-1? |
| A. | It is stimulated by AMP and ADP |
| B. | It is stimulated by citrate and ATP |
| C. | It is inhibited by AMP and ADP |
| D. | It is stimulated by citrate and ADP |
| Answer» B. It is stimulated by citrate and ATP | |
| 45. |
Northern blotting is |
| A. | widely different than southern blotting |
| B. | another name for southern blotting |
| C. | analogous to southern blotting |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 46. |
Bactriophages absorb to a bacterial surface and inject the phage DNA through the |
| A. | cell wall into cytosol |
| B. | cell wall into plasmamembrane |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | cell wall into endoplasmic reticulum |
| Answer» B. cell wall into plasmamembrane | |
| 47. |
Additional mono saccharides are added in Golgi to produce |
| A. | either high mannose type oligosaccharide or a complex type |
| B. | either fructose type monosaccharide or a complex type |
| C. | either high sucrose type polysaccharide or a complex type |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. either fructose type monosaccharide or a complex type | |
| 48. |
How many ds DNA molecule can be produced, which comprise precisely the target region in double strand form during 4th cycle of PCR? |
| A. | Two ds DNA molecule |
| B. | Three ds DNA molecule |
| C. | Eight ds DNA molecule |
| D. | Four ds DNA molecule |
| Answer» E. | |
| 49. |
A PCR cycle consists of |
| A. | three steps, denaturation, primer annealing and elongation |
| B. | three steps, denaturation, initiation and elongation |
| C. | three steps, primer annealing, elongation and termination |
| D. | three steps, initiation, elongation and termination |
| Answer» B. three steps, denaturation, initiation and elongation | |
| 50. |
Transformation means |
| A. | formation of a pilus |
| B. | acquiring DNA from the bacterial cell environment |
| C. | plasmid containing a F factor |
| D. | F+ and F- strains of bacteria |
| Answer» C. plasmid containing a F factor | |