Explore topic-wise MCQs in Biotechnology.

This section includes 36 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Biotechnology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

In plant cells, which of the following is not a function of the large central vacuoles of plant cells?

A. Storage of food
B. Support
C. Contractile regulation of
D. Waste storage water content
Answer» D. Waste storage water content
2.

Why do some redox reactions in cells result in the transfer of electrons from a reductant with a higher standard redox potential to an oxidant with a lower standard redox potential?

A. Redox potentials are defined under standard conditions, and cellular conditions are typically not standard conditions
B. The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo
C. Electrons always go from reductants with high redox potentials to oxidants with low redox potentials
D. None of the above
Answer» B. The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo
3.

Lysosomes are associated with

A. photosynthesis
B. respiration
C. storage
D. digestion
Answer» E.
4.

Mitochondria can be expected most numerous in

A. green cells
B. red blood cells
C. muscle cells
D. none of these
Answer» D. none of these
5.

Which of the following statements about the outer mitochondrial membrane is not true?

A. The outer membrane is impermeable to hydrogen ions
B. The outer membrane is highly permeable to substances of small molecular weight
C. The outer membrane is about 50% lipid and 50% protein by weight
D. The outer membrane contains porins
Answer» B. The outer membrane is highly permeable to substances of small molecular weight
6.

Specialized type of peroxisome and the site of glyoxylate pathway in certain plants is known as

A. gly-peroxisome
B. lysosome
C. glyoxysome
D. none of these
Answer» D. none of these
7.

Which of the following observations is not used as evidence to support the concept of endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

A. Both have their own DNA
B. Both have their own ribosomes
C. Both strongly resemble prokaryotes, especially in size
D. Both can live and function independently of the cell
Answer» E.
8.

Cellular organelles are embedded in the

A. endoplasmic reticulum
B. cristae
C. cytosol
D. microtubules
Answer» D. microtubules
9.

Which molecule serves as a carrier of fatty acids in mitochondria?

A. Acetyl-CoA
B. Carnitine
C. Dolichol
D. Malonyl-CoA
Answer» C. Dolichol
10.

If the ester bonds of a triacylglycerol molecule's are broken then the kind of molecule, which would be soluble in water, is

A. fatty acid
B. steroid
C. glycogen
D. glycerol
Answer» E.
11.

The cell membrane is made up of

A. lipoproteins
B. cellulose
C. phospholipids
D. phosphoproteins
Answer» B. cellulose
12.

Both plant and animal cell possess

A. cell walls
B. mitochondria
C. central vacuoles
D. chloroplast
Answer» C. central vacuoles
13.

A cell without cell wall is called

A. apoplast
B. protoplast
C. symplast
D. none of these
Answer» C. symplast
14.

Tonoplast is a membrane around

A. cytoplasm
B. vacuole
C. nucleus
D. mitochondria
Answer» C. nucleus
15.

The cellular organelle associated with secretion is the

A. golgi complex
B. mitochondrion
C. ribosome
D. lysosome
Answer» B. mitochondrion
16.

"The universe tends towards maximum disorder" is stated by

A. first law of thermodynamics
B. second law of thermodynamics
C. third law of thermodynamics
D. none of the above
Answer» C. third law of thermodynamics
17.

Water content of active protoplasm is

A. 10%
B. 40%
C. 70%
D. 90%
Answer» E.
18.

What is the source of free energy ( G) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

A. Glycolysis
B. Creatine phosphate
C. The redox reactions of electron transport
D. ATP
Answer» D. ATP
19.

The cellular organelle associated with photosynthesis is the

A. golgi complex
B. mitochondrion
C. lysosome
D. chloroplast
Answer» E.
20.

Which part of a plant contains the male sex cell?

A. Ova
B. Style
C. Stamen
D. Pollen
Answer» E.
21.

Any system that is not at equilibrium

A. is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
B. is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
C. is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
D. requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium
Answer» B. is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
22.

Which of the following functional groups would make a carbon-based compound the least polar?

A. Phosphate
B. Methyl
C. Carboxyl
D. Amino
Answer» C. Carboxyl
23.

Which is not true about a photon?

A. It is a packet of light energy
B. The shorter the wavelength, the greater the energy of the photons
C. It is trapped by photosynthetic unit
D. It donates electron to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose
Answer» E.
24.

If the ends of the following polysaccharide are pulled, which one would stretch the most?

A. Glycogen
B. Starch
C. Cellulose
D. None of these
Answer» C. Cellulose
25.

Which of the following is not an electron carrier class in the electron transport chain?

A. Flavoproteins
B. Cytochromes
C. Iron - sulfur proteins
D. Cytochrome c oxidase
Answer» E.
26.

The composition of the inner mitochondrial membrane is most like that of

A. the outer mitochondrial membrane
B. the cell's plasma membrane
C. some bacterial plasma membranes
D. the nuclear membrane
Answer» D. the nuclear membrane
27.

Which cell type is likely to have the most mitochondria?

A. Fast-twitch muscle
B. Slow-twitch muscle
C. Liver cells
D. Adipose cells
Answer» C. Liver cells
28.

Which of the following statements about mitochondrial proteins is true?

A. All mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria
B. Some mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria and others
C. All mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytoplasm
D. Mitochondrial proteins arise from other mitochondrial proteins
Answer» C. All mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytoplasm
29.

Which of the following elements is likely to form the least polar covalent bond with hydrogen?

A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Carbon
D. Phosphorus
Answer» D. Phosphorus
30.

The fluid matrix of a cell is called the

A. nucleus
B. cytosol
C. cytoskeleton
D. endoplasmic reticulum
Answer» C. cytoskeleton
31.

Chemical energy is supplied to eukaryotic cells by

A. chloroplasts and golgi complexes
B. mitochondria and ribosomes
C. mitochondria only
D. mitochondria and chloroplasts
Answer» E.
32.

Which of the following can be found as a part of the mitochondrial matrix?

A. Ribosomes
B. DNA
C. Enzymes
D. All of these
Answer» E.
33.

Cellular metabolism is an example of

A. equilibrium metabolism
B. steady-state metabolism
C. a series of reactions occurring under standard conditions
D. a series of reactions that defy the second law of thermodynamics
Answer» C. a series of reactions occurring under standard conditions
34.

The element neon (Ne) has eight electrons in its outermost electron shell. How many covalent bonds will Ne readily form?

A. None
B. One
C. Two
D. Four
Answer» B. One
35.

The mitochondria were known in the nineteenth century to be osmotically active on the basis of evidence that

A. the mitochondrial matrix is hypotonic to the cellular cytoplasm
B. the mitochondrial matrix is hypertonic to the cellular cytoplasm
C. mitochondria were derived from a symbiotic bacterium
D. mitochondria are surrounded by a semi permeable membrane
Answer» E.
36.

If complex III were incorporated into an artificial lipid vesicle in order to demonstrate it's proton translocating ability in isolation, which of the following would be an appropriate electron donor?

A. Cytochrome c red
B. Cytochrome c peroxidase
C. Ubiquinol (UQH2)
D. Cytochrome c oxidase
Answer» D. Cytochrome c oxidase