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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 53 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Bacteriophages knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Viral surface proteins have various roles to play for their survival and in pathogenesis. Which of the following statement is most accurate about them? |
| A. | Misfolded viral surface proteins cause prions disease. |
| B. | They act as proteases that degrade cellular proteins leading to cell death. |
| C. | They are the polymerases that synthesize viral messenger RNA. |
| D. | Neutralizing antibodies are formed against viral surface proteins. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 2. |
Enveloped viruses are more easily inactivated by lipid solvents and detergents than viruses that do not have an envelope. Which one of the following viruses is the most sensitive to inactivation by lipid solvents and detergents? |
| A. | Coxsackie virus |
| B. | Hepatitis A virus |
| C. | Herpes simplex virus |
| D. | Poliovirus |
| Answer» D. Poliovirus | |
| 3. |
The human virus that has been associated with Burkett s lymphoma ( a malignant tumor of the jaw) is: |
| A. | Cytomegalovirus |
| B. | Human papilloma virus (HPV) |
| C. | Retroviruses |
| D. | Epstein- Barr virus |
| Answer» E. | |
| 4. |
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) , kuru, scrapie, and Mad Cow disease are caused by: |
| A. | Viroids |
| B. | Retroviruses |
| C. | DNA viruses |
| D. | Prions |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
Viroids are unusual in that they: |
| A. | have no capsid protein or envelopes |
| B. | |
| C. | C. |
| D. | D. |
| Answer» B. | |
| 6. |
Infants infected with cytomegaloviruses (CMV) in utero may suffer from: |
| A. | mental retardation |
| B. | enlarged spleen |
| C. | liver damage |
| D. | any of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 7. |
The positive strand of certain viruses does not act as a message but becomes converted into DNA and integrated into the host cellular DNA. These viruses are |
| A. | Rhinoviruses |
| B. | Enteroviruses |
| C. | Retroviruses |
| D. | Reoviruses |
| Answer» D. Reoviruses | |
| 8. |
Which of the following is not an RNA virus? |
| A. | Enterovirus |
| B. | Rhabadovirus |
| C. | Adenovirus |
| D. | Rubellavirus |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
A type of cell culture that can reproduce for an extended number of generations and is used to support viral replication is a : |
| A. | Primary cell culture |
| B. | Continuous cell line |
| C. | Cell strain |
| D. | Diploid fibroblast cell |
| Answer» C. Cell strain | |
| 10. |
Bacteriophages are readily counted by the process of: |
| A. | Immunoassays |
| B. | Plague assays |
| C. | Tissue cell culture |
| D. | Electron Microscopy |
| Answer» C. Tissue cell culture | |
| 11. |
What types of viruses contain the enzyme lysozyme to aid in their infection? |
| A. | Bacteriophage |
| B. | Animal Viruses |
| C. | Plant Viruses |
| D. | Fungal Viruses |
| Answer» B. Animal Viruses | |
| 12. |
A common polyhedral capsid shape of viruses is a : |
| A. | Pentagon |
| B. | Cube |
| C. | Icosahedron |
| D. | Pyramid |
| Answer» D. Pyramid | |
| 13. |
A structural component that is found in all viruses is: |
| A. | The envelope |
| B. | DNA |
| C. | Capsid |
| D. | Spikes |
| Answer» D. Spikes | |
| 14. |
A chemical component that is found in all viruses is: |
| A. | Protein |
| B. | DNA |
| C. | Lipid |
| D. | RNA |
| Answer» B. DNA | |
| 15. |
Viruses range in size from: |
| A. | 1-100 nm |
| B. | 25-300 nm |
| C. | 10-100 m |
| D. | 400-1000 nm |
| Answer» C. 10-100 m | |
| 16. |
Viruses that can remain latent (usually in neurons) for many years are most likely: |
| A. | Togaviruses |
| B. | Herpesviruses |
| C. | Enteroviruses |
| D. | Rhinoviruses |
| Answer» C. Enteroviruses | |
| 17. |
Enteroviruses differ from rhinoviruses mainly in their: |
| A. | Type of nucleic acid |
| B. | Size |
| C. | Capsid shape |
| D. | Ability to survive acidic conditions |
| Answer» E. | |
| 18. |
Bacteriophages that can enter into stable, long-term relationships with their hosts are called: |
| A. | Lytic phages |
| B. | Defective phages |
| C. | virulent phages |
| D. | Temperate phages |
| Answer» E. | |
| 19. |
The time from adsorption of a bacteriophage to release of newly synthesized bacteriophage is generally |
| A. | 1-5 minutes |
| B. | 20-40 minutes |
| C. | 1-4 hours |
| D. | 6-24 hours |
| Answer» C. 1-4 hours | |
| 20. |
Viruses that contain two complete copies of positive-strand RNA and the enzyme reverse transcriptase are: |
| A. | Toga viruses |
| B. | Reoviruses |
| C. | Enteroviruses |
| D. | Retroviruses |
| Answer» E. | |
| 21. |
M13 filamentous phage DNA molecule is smaller than the head-and-tail lambda phage. |
| A. | True |
| B. | False |
| Answer» B. False | |
| 22. |
Circularization of the injected linear phage DNA molecule is facilitated by which of the following? |
| A. | Polyhedral head |
| B. | Cos sites |
| C. | Phage tail |
| D. | Capsid proteins |
| Answer» C. Phage tail | |
| 23. |
How are genes arranged in a lysogenic phage (for example a lambda phage)? |
| A. | Alternatively |
| B. | In clusters |
| C. | On opposite ends |
| D. | Similar genes at distant positions |
| Answer» C. On opposite ends | |
| 24. |
Approximate size of lambda phage is _______ |
| A. | 23 kb |
| B. | 100 kb |
| C. | 49 kb |
| D. | 12 kb |
| Answer» D. 12 kb | |
| 25. |
What is the function of a tail of the head-and-tail lambda phage? |
| A. | Stabilization of phage DNA |
| B. | Attachment of phage |
| C. | Release of replicative enzymes |
| D. | Helps in motility |
| Answer» C. Release of replicative enzymes | |
| 26. |
What are sticky ends? |
| A. | Ends of M13 vector |
| B. | 12 nucleotide stretch in lambda phage |
| C. | The replicated product phage DNA |
| D. | Ends on two sides of origin |
| Answer» C. The replicated product phage DNA | |
| 27. |
Which of the following statements is not true in the context of infection by an M13 phage? |
| A. | Lytic phage |
| B. | Lysogenic phage |
| C. | New phage particles are continually synthesized |
| D. | The DNA is not integrated in host genome |
| Answer» B. Lysogenic phage | |
| 28. |
Which infection cycle is characterized by retention of the phage DNA molecule in the host bacterium for many thousands of cell division? |
| A. | Lysogenic cycle |
| B. | Lytic cycle |
| C. | Integrative Phase |
| D. | Protein synthesis |
| Answer» B. Lytic cycle | |
| 29. |
Which is a reason of instability of phage DNA molecule in the host cell in a lytic cycle? |
| A. | The huge size of phage DNA |
| B. | Inability of replicative enzymes |
| C. | Immediate synthesis of capsid |
| D. | Lytic cycle inefficiency |
| Answer» D. Lytic cycle inefficiency | |
| 30. |
The cycle which is completed quickly in the infection by a phage is ________ |
| A. | Lysogenic |
| B. | Lytic |
| C. | Replication |
| D. | Capsid formation |
| Answer» C. Replication | |
| 31. |
Which of the following is an example of head-and-tail bacteriophage? |
| A. | M13 |
| B. | Lambda phage |
| C. | Pbr322 |
| D. | M16 |
| Answer» C. Pbr322 | |
| 32. |
What is the capsid (protective coat) of the bacteriophage made up of? |
| A. | DNA |
| B. | RNA |
| C. | Protein |
| D. | Organic acids |
| Answer» D. Organic acids | |
| 33. |
Which of the following is not true for a bacteriophage? |
| A. | A very simple structure |
| B. | Consist either DNA or RNA |
| C. | Bacteriophages are viruses |
| D. | Complex structure that infects bacteria |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
Which of the following may contain satellite RNAs? |
| A. | Plant viruses |
| B. | Bacteriophages |
| C. | Prions |
| D. | Viroids |
| Answer» B. Bacteriophages | |
| 35. |
When the viral genome gets inserted into bacterial host it is termed as |
| A. | replication |
| B. | lytic cycle |
| C. | lysogenic cycle |
| D. | capsid formation |
| Answer» D. capsid formation | |
| 36. |
Transduction is mediated by |
| A. | F-factors |
| B. | cosmids |
| C. | phage vectors |
| D. | plasmid vectors |
| Answer» D. plasmid vectors | |
| 37. |
Which of the following is used as a vector in genetic engineering? |
| A. | Bacteriophage |
| B. | Plasmid |
| C. | Plasmodium |
| D. | Both (a) and (b) |
| Answer» E. | |
| 38. |
Hershey and Chase proved that DNA is the genetic material. They worked on |
| A. | bacteriophages |
| B. | viroid |
| C. | fungus |
| D. | bacterium |
| Answer» B. viroid | |
| 39. |
The replication of phage DNA molecule is associated with which step in the infection cycle of a bacteriophage? |
| A. | First step |
| B. | Second step |
| C. | Third step |
| D. | Preparation stage |
| Answer» C. Third step | |
| 40. |
By which mechanism does the replication of new lambda DNA molecules are produced in the host bacterium? |
| A. | Rolling Circle Mechanism |
| B. | DNA Polymerase Binding |
| C. | The same mechanism as that of host |
| D. | Replication fork propagation |
| Answer» B. DNA Polymerase Binding | |
| 41. |
Transduction involves |
| A. | bacteria obtaining DNA from the external environment |
| B. | bacteria obtaining DNA from the mother cell |
| C. | transfer of genome by conjugation |
| D. | transfer of genetic material through virus |
| Answer» E. | |
| 42. |
Viruses which cause lysis of bacteria are known as |
| A. | lysogenic |
| B. | lytic |
| C. | lipolytic |
| D. | lysozymes |
| Answer» C. lipolytic | |
| 43. |
Transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another in the process of transduction is by |
| A. | conjugation between bacteria of opposite strains |
| B. | physical contact between donor and recipient |
| C. | special organ for conjugation |
| D. | bacteriophages |
| Answer» E. | |
| 44. |
Bacteriophages with tail are |
| A. | motile in water |
| B. | motile on plant leaves |
| C. | non-motile |
| D. | motile on bacterial surface |
| Answer» E. | |
| 45. |
T. O. Diener discovered |
| A. | free infectious RNA |
| B. | bacteriophage |
| C. | infectious protein |
| D. | free infectious DNA |
| Answer» B. bacteriophage | |
| 46. |
The filamentous bacteriopohage infect male E. coli cells by attaching to |
| A. | lipopolysaccharide |
| B. | the cell wall |
| C. | the tip of the pilus |
| D. | the cell membrane |
| Answer» D. the cell membrane | |
| 47. |
T-even phage binding to E. coli probably involves |
| A. | electrostatic interaction |
| B. | hydrophobic interaction |
| C. | covalent bonds |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. hydrophobic interaction | |
| 48. |
Which of the following properties is due to lysogenic conversion by phages? |
| A. | Toxin production in Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| B. | Toxin production in Clostridium botulinum types C and D |
| C. | Antigenic variation in Salmonella anatum |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 49. |
Which of the following is a positive regulatory gene on the lambda phage genome? |
| A. | N |
| B. | O |
| C. | P |
| D. | Q |
| Answer» B. O | |
| 50. |
Phage display technique makes use of which of the following vectors? |
| A. | M13 |
| B. | Lambda |
| C. | 2 micron circle |
| D. | BAC |
| Answer» B. Lambda | |