1294 + Mcqs in Database Management System Page 15 McqOptions

701.	The backup is taken by
A.	erasing all previous records
B.	entering the new records
C.	sending all log records from primary site to the remote backup site
D.	sending selected records from primary site to the remote backup site
Answer» D. sending selected records from primary site to the remote backup site

Discussion

702.	Shadow paging has
A.	no redo
B.	no undo
C.	redo but no undo
D.	neither redo nor undo
Answer» B. no undo

Discussion

703.	For correct behaviour during recovery, undo and redo operation must be
A.	commutative
B.	associative
C.	idempotent
D.	distributive
Answer» D. distributive

Discussion

704.	Immediate database modiï¬cation technique uses
A.	both undo and redo
B.	undo but no redo
C.	redo but no undo
D.	neither undo nor redo
Answer» B. undo but no redo

Discussion

705.	An operation is said to be Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â if executing it several times in a row gives the same result as executing it once.
A.	idempotent
B.	changed
C.	repetitive
D.	all of the above
Answer» B. changed

Discussion

706.	Redo operations are performed exclusively using
A.	logical logging
B.	physical logging
C.	physical log records
D.	both physical logging and physical log records
Answer» E.

Discussion

707.	Which of the following is used for undo operations alone?
A.	logical logging
B.	physical logging
C.	physical log records
D.	physical logging and physical log records
Answer» B. physical logging

Discussion

708.	Which lock should be obtained to prevent a concurrent transaction from executing a conï¬‚icting read, insert or delete operation on the same key value.
A.	higher-level lock
B.	lower-level lock
C.	read only lock
D.	read write
Answer» B. lower-level lock

Discussion

709.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â starts from a position determined during analysis, and performs a redo, repeating history, to bring the database to a state it was in before the crash.
A.	analysis pass
B.	redo pass
C.	undo pass
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» C. undo pass

Discussion

710.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â determines which transactions to undo, which pages were dirty at the time of the crash, and the LSN from which the redo pass should start.
A.	analysis pass
B.	redo pass
C.	undo pass
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» B. redo pass

Discussion

711.	Once the lower-level lock is released, the operation cannot be undone by using the old values of updated data items, and must instead be undone by executing a compensating operation; such an operation is called
A.	logical operation
B.	redo operation
C.	logical undo operation
D.	undo operation
Answer» B. redo operation

Discussion

712.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â rolls back all transactions that were incomplete at the time of crash.
A.	analysis pass
B.	redo pass
C.	undo pass
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» D. none of the mentioned

Discussion

713.	The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â contains a list of pages that have been updated in the database buï¬€er.
A.	dirty page table
B.	page table
C.	dirty redo
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» B. page table

Discussion

714.	Whenever an update operation occurs on a page, the operation stores the LSN of its log record in the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ï¬eld of the page.
A.	lsn
B.	readlsn
C.	pagelsn
D.	redolsn
Answer» D. redolsn

Discussion

715.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme that records only information about dirty pages and associated information and does not even require of writing dirty pages to disk.
A.	fuzzy logic
B.	checkpoints
C.	fuzzy-checkpoint
D.	logical checkpoint
Answer» D. logical checkpoint

Discussion

716.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â is used to minimize unnecessary redos during recovery.
A.	dirty page table
B.	page table
C.	dirty redo
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» B. page table

Discussion

717.	ARIES supports Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â operations, which are physical in that the aï¬€ected page is physically identiï¬ed, but can be logical within the page.
A.	physiological redo
B.	physiological undo
C.	logical redo
D.	logical undo
Answer» B. physiological undo

Discussion

718.	ARIES uses a Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â to identify log records, and stores it in database pages.
A.	log sequence number
B.	log number
C.	lock number
D.	sequence
Answer» C. lock number

Discussion

719.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump schemes have been developed that allow transactions to be active while the dump is in progress.
A.	archival
B.	fuzzy
C.	sql
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» C. sql

Discussion

720.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump, writes out SQL DDL statements and SQL insert statements to a ï¬le, which can then be reexecuted to re- create the database.
A.	archival
B.	fuzzy
C.	sql
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» D. all of the mentioned

Discussion

721.	A dump of the database contents is also referred to as an Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump.
A.	archival
B.	fuzzy
C.	sql
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» B. fuzzy

Discussion

722.	The ALU of a computer normally contains a number of high speed storage element called
A.	semiconductor memory
B.	registers
C.	hard disks
D.	magnetic disk
Answer» C. hard disks

Discussion

723.	The magnetic storage chip used to provide non-volatile direct access storage of data and that have no moving parts are known as
A.	magnetic core memory
B.	magnetic tape memory
C.	magnetic disk memory
D.	magnetic bubble memory
Answer» E.

Discussion

724.	What was the name of the ï¬rst commercially available microprocessor chip?
A.	intel 308
B.	intel 33
C.	intel 4004
D.	motorola 639
Answer» D. motorola 639

Discussion

725.	Which of the following is used for manufacturing chips?
A.	control bus
B.	control unit
C.	parity unit
D.	semiconductor
Answer» E.

Discussion

726.	The silicon chips used for data processing are called
A.	ram chips
B.	rom chips
C.	micro processors
D.	prom chips
Answer» E.

Discussion

727.	The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows the system to write modiï¬ed blocks to disk even if the transactions that made those modiï¬cations have not all committed.
A.	force
B.	no-force
C.	steal
D.	no-steal
Answer» D. no-steal

Discussion

728.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy allows multiple updates to accumulate on a block before it is output to stable storage, which can reduce the number of output operations greatly for frequently updated blocks.
A.	force
B.	no-force
C.	steal
D.	no-steal
Answer» C. steal

Discussion

729.	The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â contains a list of blocks that have been updated in the database buï¬€er.
A.	latches
B.	swap space
C.	dirty block
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» D. none of the mentioned

Discussion

730.	The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows a transaction to commit even if it has modiï¬ed some blocks that have not yet been written back to disk.
A.	force
B.	no-force
C.	steal
D.	no-steal
Answer» C. steal

Discussion

731.	Writing the buï¬€ered log to Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â is sometimes referred to as a log force.
A.	memory
B.	backup
C.	redo memory
D.	disk
Answer» E.

Discussion

732.	In order to reduce the overhead in retrieving the records from the storage space we use
A.	logs
B.	log buï¬€er
C.	medieval space
D.	lower records
Answer» C. medieval space

Discussion

733.	A special redo-only log record < Ti, Xj, V1> is written to the log, where V1 is the value being restored to data item Xj during the rollback. These log records are sometimes called
A.	log records
B.	records
C.	compensation log records
D.	compensation redo records
Answer» D. compensation redo records

Discussion

734.	In the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â phase, the system replays updates of all transactions by scanning the log forward from the last checkpoint.
A.	repeating
B.	redo
C.	replay
D.	undo
Answer» C. replay

Discussion

735.	The actions which are played in the order while recording it is called Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â history.
A.	repeating
B.	redo
C.	replay
D.	undo
Answer» B. redo

Discussion

736.	Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â using a log record sets the data item speciï¬ed in the log record to the old value.
A.	deferred-modiï¬cation
B.	late-modiï¬cation
C.	immediate-modiï¬cation
D.	undo
Answer» E.

Discussion

737.	If a transaction does not modify the database until it has committed, it is said to use the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â technique.
A.	deferred-modiï¬cation
B.	late-modiï¬cation
C.	immediate-modiï¬cation
D.	undo
Answer» B. late-modiï¬cation

Discussion

738.	The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme uses a page table containing pointers to all pages; the page table itself and all updated pages are copied to a new location.
A.	shadow copy
B.	shadow paging
C.	update log records
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» C. update log records

Discussion

739.	In the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme, a transaction that wants to update the database ï¬rst creates a complete copy of the database.
A.	shadow copy
B.	shadow paging
C.	update log records
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» B. shadow paging

Discussion

740.	The database is partitioned into ï¬xed- length storage units called
A.	parts
B.	blocks
C.	reads
D.	build
Answer» C. reads

Discussion

741.	The log is a sequence of Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â recording all the update activities in the database.
A.	log records
B.	records
C.	entries
D.	redo
Answer» B. records

Discussion

742.	The assumption that hardware errors and bugs in the software bring the system to a halt, but do not corrupt the nonvolatile storage contents, is known as the
A.	stop assumption
B.	fail assumption
C.	halt assumption
D.	fail-stop assumption
Answer» E.

Discussion

743.	The transaction can no longer continue with its normal execution because of some internal condition, such as bad input, data not found, overï¬‚ow, or resource limit exceeded. This is
A.	read error
B.	boot error
C.	logical error
D.	system error
Answer» D. system error

Discussion

744.	The system has entered an undesirable state (for example, deadlock), as a result of which a transaction cannot continue with its normal execution. This is
A.	read error
B.	boot error
C.	logical error
D.	system error
Answer» D. system error

Discussion

745.	Which one of the following is a failure to a system
A.	boot crash
B.	read failure
C.	transaction failure
D.	all of the mentioned
Answer» D. all of the mentioned

Discussion

746.	The recovery scheme must also provide
A.	high availability
B.	low availability
C.	high reliability
D.	high durability
Answer» B. low availability

Discussion

747.	Instead of locking index leaf nodes in a two-phase manner, some index concurrency- control schemes use Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â on individual key values, allowing other key values to be inserted or deleted from the same leaf.
A.	b+ tree locking
B.	link level locking
C.	key-value locking
D.	next value locking
Answer» D. next value locking

Discussion

748.	If needed to split a node or coalesce it with its siblings, or redistribute key values between siblings, the crabbing protocol locks the parent of the node in Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â mode.
A.	shared
B.	exclusive
C.	read only
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» C. read only

Discussion

749.	In crabbing protocol, the lock obtained on the root node is in Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â mode.
A.	shared
B.	exclusive
C.	read only
D.	none of the mentioned
Answer» B. exclusive

Discussion

750.	The deadlock can be handled by
A.	removing the nodes that are deadlocked
B.	restarting the search after releasing the lock
C.	restarting the search without releasing the lock
D.	resuming the search
Answer» C. restarting the search without releasing the lock

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in Computer Science Engineering (CSE).

The backup is taken by

Shadow paging has

For correct behaviour during recovery, undo and redo operation must be

Immediate database modiï¬cation technique uses

An operation is said to be Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â if executing it several times in a row gives the same result as executing it once.

Redo operations are performed exclusively using

Which of the following is used for undo operations alone?

Which lock should be obtained to prevent a concurrent transaction from executing a conï¬‚icting read, insert or delete operation on the same key value.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â starts from a position determined during analysis, and performs a redo, repeating history, to bring the database to a state it was in before the crash.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â determines which transactions to undo, which pages were dirty at the time of the crash, and the LSN from which the redo pass should start.

Once the lower-level lock is released, the operation cannot be undone by using the old values of updated data items, and must instead be undone by executing a compensating operation; such an operation is called

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â rolls back all transactions that were incomplete at the time of crash.

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â contains a list of pages that have been updated in the database buï¬€er.

Whenever an update operation occurs on a page, the operation stores the LSN of its log record in the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ï¬eld of the page.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme that records only information about dirty pages and associated information and does not even require of writing dirty pages to disk.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â is used to minimize unnecessary redos during recovery.

ARIES supports Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â operations, which are physical in that the aï¬€ected page is physically identiï¬ed, but can be logical within the page.

ARIES uses a Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â to identify log records, and stores it in database pages.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump schemes have been developed that allow transactions to be active while the dump is in progress.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump, writes out SQL DDL statements and SQL insert statements to a ï¬le, which can then be reexecuted to re- create the database.

A dump of the database contents is also referred to as an Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump.

The ALU of a computer normally contains a number of high speed storage element called

The magnetic storage chip used to provide non-volatile direct access storage of data and that have no moving parts are known as

What was the name of the ï¬rst commercially available microprocessor chip?

Which of the following is used for manufacturing chips?

The silicon chips used for data processing are called

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows the system to write modiï¬ed blocks to disk even if the transactions that made those modiï¬cations have not all committed.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy allows multiple updates to accumulate on a block before it is output to stable storage, which can reduce the number of output operations greatly for frequently updated blocks.

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â contains a list of blocks that have been updated in the database buï¬€er.

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows a transaction to commit even if it has modiï¬ed some blocks that have not yet been written back to disk.

Writing the buï¬€ered log to Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â is sometimes referred to as a log force.

In order to reduce the overhead in retrieving the records from the storage space we use

A special redo-only log record < Ti, Xj, V1> is written to the log, where V1 is the value being restored to data item Xj during the rollback. These log records are sometimes called

In the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â phase, the system replays updates of all transactions by scanning the log forward from the last checkpoint.

The actions which are played in the order while recording it is called Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â history.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â using a log record sets the data item speciï¬ed in the log record to the old value.

If a transaction does not modify the database until it has committed, it is said to use the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â technique.

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme uses a page table containing pointers to all pages; the page table itself and all updated pages are copied to a new location.

In the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme, a transaction that wants to update the database ï¬rst creates a complete copy of the database.

The database is partitioned into ï¬xed- length storage units called

The log is a sequence of Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â recording all the update activities in the database.

The assumption that hardware errors and bugs in the software bring the system to a halt, but do not corrupt the nonvolatile storage contents, is known as the

The transaction can no longer continue with its normal execution because of some internal condition, such as bad input, data not found, overï¬‚ow, or resource limit exceeded. This is

The system has entered an undesirable state (for example, deadlock), as a result of which a transaction cannot continue with its normal execution. This is

Which one of the following is a failure to a system

The recovery scheme must also provide

Instead of locking index leaf nodes in a two-phase manner, some index concurrency- control schemes use Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â on individual key values, allowing other key values to be inserted or deleted from the same leaf.

If needed to split a node or coalesce it with its siblings, or redistribute key values between siblings, the crabbing protocol locks the parent of the node in Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â mode.

In crabbing protocol, the lock obtained on the root node is in Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â mode.

The deadlock can be handled by

Immediate database modiï¬cation technique uses

Whenever an update operation occurs on a page, the operation stores the LSN of its log record in the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ï¬eld of the page.

ARIES supports Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â operations, which are physical in that the aï¬€ected page is physically identiï¬ed, but can be logical within the page.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â dump, writes out SQL DDL statements and SQL insert statements to a ï¬le, which can then be reexecuted to re- create the database.

What was the name of the ï¬rst commercially available microprocessor chip?

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows the system to write modiï¬ed blocks to disk even if the transactions that made those modiï¬cations have not all committed.

The Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â policy, allows a transaction to commit even if it has modiï¬ed some blocks that have not yet been written back to disk.

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â using a log record sets the data item speciï¬ed in the log record to the old value.

In the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â scheme, a transaction that wants to update the database ï¬rst creates a complete copy of the database.

The database is partitioned into ï¬xed- length storage units called