MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 100 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Graduate Aptitude Test (GATE) knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
The process of dendrochronology cannot be applied to plants living in___ |
| A. | Trees in the tropical areas |
| B. | Trees in the temperate areas |
| C. | Trees growing in the region of equators |
| D. | Trees growing in the alpine regions |
| Answer» D. Trees growing in the alpine regions | |
| 52. |
Mycorrhizal symbiotic association in plants with fungi helps in the absorption of which component from the soil? |
| A. | Nitrates |
| B. | Nitrites |
| C. | Ammonia |
| D. | Phosphates |
| Answer» E. | |
| 53. |
The leaf like structure seen in the Acacia plant is: |
| A. | Phyllode |
| B. | Cladode |
| C. | Phylloclade |
| D. | Cladophyll |
| Answer» B. Cladode | |
| 54. |
Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of a hydrophyte? |
| A. | Less parenchyma in the stem |
| B. | Less cuticle over the epidermis |
| C. | Stomata on the upper side of the leaf |
| D. | Poorly developed root system |
| Answer» B. Less cuticle over the epidermis | |
| 55. |
Which of the following statement best describe a seral community in an ecological succession? |
| A. | Less stable |
| B. | More aggressive |
| C. | More diversity but less stability |
| D. | More adaptability but less stability |
| Answer» E. | |
| 56. |
Which of the following statement best describe a climax community? |
| A. | More stable and more diverse |
| B. | More stable and less diverse |
| C. | Less stable and more diverse |
| D. | Less stable and less diverse |
| Answer» B. More stable and less diverse | |
| 57. |
Which of the following specify the decomposed organic matter in the soil? |
| A. | Litter |
| B. | Humus |
| C. | Loam |
| D. | Dirt |
| Answer» C. Loam | |
| 58. |
The most important adaptation of mangrove plants is: |
| A. | Vivipary |
| B. | Thick cuticle |
| C. | Thick bark |
| D. | Thick leaves |
| Answer» B. Thick cuticle | |
| 59. |
Which among the following are more likely to possess maximum amount of pesticides in their body? |
| A. | Grasshopper |
| B. | Rabbit |
| C. | Lion |
| D. | Snake |
| Answer» D. Snake | |
| 60. |
Maximum biodiversity can be seen in: |
| A. | Tropical rain forest |
| B. | Temperate forest |
| C. | Savanna |
| D. | Alpine forest |
| Answer» B. Temperate forest | |
| 61. |
“The extremities of animals are relatively shorter in the cooler parts of a species’ range than in the warmer parts.” This is known as: |
| A. | Bergmann’s rule |
| B. | Allen’s rule |
| C. | Gloger’s rule |
| D. | Rensch’ rule |
| Answer» C. Gloger’s rule | |
| 62. |
Which of the following statement is not correct? |
| A. | Pyramid of number can never be inverted |
| B. | Pyramid of energy can ever be inverted |
| C. | Pyramid of number in a parasitic food chain will be inverted |
| D. | Pyramid of biomass may be inverted or upright |
| Answer» B. Pyramid of energy can ever be inverted | |
| 63. |
Identify the incorrect pair: |
| A. | Nitrifying bacteria : Nitrosomonas |
| B. | Denitrifying bacteria : Nitrobacter |
| C. | Free nitrogen fixing bacteria : cyanobacteria |
| D. | Ammonification : Rhizobia |
| Answer» C. Free nitrogen fixing bacteria : cyanobacteria | |
| 64. |
Which of the following statement explains standing crop and standing quality? |
| A. | Total organic matter and total inorganic matter respectively in an ecosystem |
| B. | Total crop cultivated and total crop harvested respectively in an area |
| C. | Biomass of plants and biomass of animals respectively in an ecosystem |
| D. | Biomass of dead matter and biomass of decomposers respectively in an ecosystem |
| Answer» B. Total crop cultivated and total crop harvested respectively in an area | |
| 65. |
In an ecological interaction, the amensalism can be represented as |
| A. | + – |
| B. | – + |
| C. | + 0 |
| D. | – 0 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 66. |
Which of the following temperature range is known as epilimnion? |
| A. | 8 – 20 |
| B. | 21 – 22 |
| C. | 5 – 9 |
| D. | 9 – 24 |
| Answer» C. 5 – 9 | |
| 67. |
Which of the following explain thermal stratification? |
| A. | Non viability of seeds at higher temperature |
| B. | Adjustment of body temperature according to the temperature of surroundings |
| C. | Layers of water in a pond with different temperature |
| D. | Cycling events in the ocean due to lunar cycle |
| Answer» D. Cycling events in the ocean due to lunar cycle | |
| 68. |
Which among the following is the most abundant molecule in the atmosphere? |
| A. | Hidrozan |
| B. | Argon |
| C. | Methane |
| D. | Water vapour |
| Answer» C. Methane | |
| 69. |
The aquatic animals in the polar region survive even in freezing temperature. This can be explained by: |
| A. | The very thick layer of fat deposition in their skin |
| B. | By migrating to temperate region during cold times |
| C. | Due to the high density of water at 4oC |
| D. | Due to the neutral pH of the soil at very cold condition |
| Answer» D. Due to the neutral pH of the soil at very cold condition | |
| 70. |
In ecology, the term ‘biocenosis” specifically explains: |
| A. | Ecological study of communities |
| B. | Ecological study of individual species |
| C. | A group of organism inhabiting a particular area |
| D. | A group of many species of plants and animals living together in a natural area |
| Answer» E. | |
| 71. |
The ability of a population of living species to increase under ideal environmental conditions is called: |
| A. | Biotic potential |
| B. | Carrying capacity |
| C. | Natality |
| D. | Absolute natality |
| Answer» B. Carrying capacity | |
| 72. |
Lincoln index is used to measure: |
| A. | Population size |
| B. | Population mortality rate |
| C. | Population natality rate |
| D. | Population density |
| Answer» E. | |
| 73. |
Species with wide geographical ranges which develop locally adapted populations are known as: |
| A. | Ecological species |
| B. | Ecotypes |
| C. | Ecophenes |
| D. | Sub-species |
| Answer» C. Ecophenes | |
| 74. |
The ratio between energy flows at different points along the food chain is called: |
| A. | Ecological efficiency |
| B. | Ecological capacity |
| C. | Ecological potential |
| D. | Ecological assimilation |
| Answer» B. Ecological capacity | |
| 75. |
Animals that consume both plant and animal matter are referred as: |
| A. | Carnivores |
| B. | Omnivores |
| C. | Omnio-carnivores |
| D. | Necromorphs |
| Answer» C. Omnio-carnivores | |
| 76. |
The term ‘allelopathy’ describes: |
| A. | Inhibition of the sporulation of pathogen by the host |
| B. | Inhibition of growth of one species by another by producing toxins |
| C. | Inhibiting the growth of one species by another by preventing reproduction |
| D. | Altering the reproductive cycle of one organism by another |
| Answer» C. Inhibiting the growth of one species by another by preventing reproduction | |
| 77. |
The energy flow in an ecosystem is: |
| A. | In any direction |
| B. | Always unidirectional |
| C. | Always bi-directional |
| D. | Always down-directional |
| Answer» C. Always bi-directional | |
| 78. |
Pick out the odd one |
| A. | Oxygen cycle |
| B. | Phosphorous cycle |
| C. | Carbon cycle |
| D. | Nitrogen cycle |
| Answer» C. Carbon cycle | |
| 79. |
Which of the following is NOT a denitrifying bacteria |
| A. | Thiobacillus |
| B. | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| C. | Thiobacillus denitrificans |
| D. | Bacillus ramosus |
| Answer» E. | |
| 80. |
Which of the following is a ‘K’ selected species? |
| A. | Grass |
| B. | Aspergillus |
| C. | Human |
| D. | Taraxacum |
| Answer» D. Taraxacum | |
| 81. |
Which of the following bacteria is NOT involved in the nitrification process during nitrogen cycle? |
| A. | Nitrosomonas |
| B. | Nitococcus |
| C. | Bacillus ramosus |
| D. | Nitrospira |
| Answer» D. Nitrospira | |
| 82. |
In a pond ecosystem, the top area where the production is greater than respiration (P/R >1) is termed as: |
| A. | Limnetic zone |
| B. | Profundal zone |
| C. | Benthic zone |
| D. | Tidal zone |
| Answer» B. Profundal zone | |
| 83. |
Decomposers which specifically act on the fecal matter of other organisms are called as: |
| A. | Heterophagic |
| B. | Allophagic |
| C. | Coprophagic |
| D. | Paraphagic |
| Answer» D. Paraphagic | |
| 84. |
Which decade has been designated as the ‘Decade of Biodiversity’ by United Nations? |
| A. | 2021-2030 |
| B. | 2011-2020 |
| C. | 2001-2010 |
| D. | 1991-2000 |
| Answer» C. 2001-2010 | |
| 85. |
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of population? |
| A. | Sex ratio |
| B. | Natality |
| C. | Mortality |
| D. | Stratification |
| Answer» E. | |
| 86. |
The amount of organic matter present at a given time per unit area is called: |
| A. | Standing crop |
| B. | Standing quality |
| C. | Carbon content |
| D. | Carbon foot-print |
| Answer» B. Standing quality | |
| 87. |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of ‘r’ selected species |
| A. | Produce large number of progenies |
| B. | Reproduce quickly |
| C. | Low survival rate of progenies |
| D. | Parental care |
| Answer» E. | |
| 88. |
The percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is: |
| A. | 20.95 % and 0.04% |
| B. | 20.0% and 0.40% |
| C. | 20.95% and 0.004% |
| D. | 20.0% and 0.44% |
| Answer» B. 20.0% and 0.40% | |
| 89. |
The most probable vegetation in an area which receives 60 to 120 cm annual rain fall will be: |
| A. | Semi-arid grass land |
| B. | Dry subtropical grassland or savanna |
| C. | Humid subtropical forest |
| D. | Tropical rainforest |
| Answer» D. Tropical rainforest | |
| 90. |
The water vapour present in the unit volume of air is called: |
| A. | Relative humidity |
| B. | Static humidity |
| C. | Absolute humidity |
| D. | Total humidity |
| Answer» D. Total humidity | |
| 91. |
In a pond ecosystem, the bottom area where the production is lesser than the respiration (P/R <1) is termed as: |
| A. | Limnetic zone |
| B. | Profundal zone |
| C. | Benthic zone |
| D. | Tidal zone |
| Answer» C. Benthic zone | |
| 92. |
In thermal stratification where the water body is divided into several layers, the middle region which shows vertical temperature change are called: |
| A. | Epilimnion |
| B. | Mesolimnion |
| C. | Hypolimnion |
| D. | Metalimnion |
| Answer» E. | |
| 93. |
The plant of cold or temperate habitat require low temperature for their growth are called: |
| A. | Megatherms |
| B. | Mesotherms |
| C. | Microtherms |
| D. | Ekistotherms |
| Answer» D. Ekistotherms | |
| 94. |
The process of vernalization (induction of flowering by cold treatment) is effective in ______ |
| A. | Hot countries |
| B. | Cold countries |
| C. | Only in tropical countries |
| D. | Only in sub-tropical countries |
| Answer» C. Only in tropical countries | |
| 95. |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Heliophytes? |
| A. | Long lateral roots |
| B. | Numerous rootlets |
| C. | Stem with long inter-nodes |
| D. | Vigorous flowering and fruiting |
| Answer» D. Vigorous flowering and fruiting | |
| 96. |
Plants which blooms when the light duration is more than 12 hours per day is known as: |
| A. | Long day plants |
| B. | Short day plants |
| C. | Day neutral plants |
| D. | Long day and short night plants |
| Answer» B. Short day plants | |
| 97. |
Plants which grow under direct sunlight and those growing under shade are called as _______ and _______ respectively. |
| A. | Heliophytes and Sciophytes |
| B. | Sciophytes and Heliophytes |
| C. | Psamophytes and Heliophytes |
| D. | Heliophytes and Psamophytes |
| Answer» B. Sciophytes and Heliophytes | |
| 98. |
According to Shelford’s low of tolerance, an organism with wide tolerance limit for environmental factor usually show |
| A. | Wide distribution with low population size |
| B. | Wide distribution with high population size |
| C. | Narrow distribution with low population size |
| D. | Narrow distribution with high population size |
| Answer» C. Narrow distribution with low population size | |
| 99. |
Any features of an organism or its part which enable it to exist under conditions of its habitat is known as: |
| A. | Adaptive variation |
| B. | Adjustment |
| C. | Acclimatization |
| D. | Adaptation |
| Answer» E. | |
| 100. |
. The natural place where the organism or communities live is known as: |
| A. | Niche |
| B. | Habit |
| C. | Habitat |
| D. | Biome |
| Answer» D. Biome | |