MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 128 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Microbiology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
To a living organism, which of the following has the greatest amount of available energy per molecule? |
| A. | ATP |
| B. | ADP |
| C. | AMP |
| D. | H2O |
| Answer» B. ADP | |
| 52. |
An exergonic reaction is one that |
| A. | requires energy to proceed |
| B. | releases energy for work |
| C. | gives off much heat |
| D. | looses energy |
| Answer» C. gives off much heat | |
| 53. |
If the free energy change (ΔG) in a reaction is a negative value, it indicates that the |
| A. | reaction releases energy |
| B. | reaction absorbs energy |
| C. | reaction is in negative direction |
| D. | reaction is in positive direction |
| Answer» B. reaction absorbs energy | |
| 54. |
Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? |
| A. | B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type |
| B. | B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells |
| C. | B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface |
| D. | B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals undergo apoptosis in the bone marrow |
| Answer» C. B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface | |
| 55. |
The role of the M cell is to |
| A. | trap virus in mucus and prevent entry |
| B. | induce apoptosis in virus-infected small intestinal epithelia cells |
| C. | pass bacteria or virus to underlying macrophages for processing and presentation of antigen |
| D. | they use their cilia to propel mucus out of the small intestine |
| Answer» D. they use their cilia to propel mucus out of the small intestine | |
| 56. |
Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which they present antigen in human is |
| A. | actin |
| B. | interleukin |
| C. | HLA |
| D. | CD8 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 57. |
Immunity is not long lasting to |
| A. | influenza |
| B. | whooping cough |
| C. | diphtheria |
| D. | mumps |
| Answer» B. whooping cough | |
| 58. |
Which of the following(s) is/are the determinants of antigenicity? |
| A. | Chemical nature |
| B. | Size of the antigen |
| C. | Foreignness |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 59. |
Following are the defenses of the colon except |
| A. | sIgA |
| B. | fast flow rate |
| C. | dense resident microbiota |
| D. | mucus |
| Answer» C. dense resident microbiota | |
| 60. |
Natural killer cells are involved in |
| A. | tumour rejection |
| B. | allograft rejection |
| C. | non-specific killing of virus transformed target cells |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 61. |
Quellung reaction is used for typing of |
| A. | Klebsiella pneumoniae |
| B. | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 62. |
Ring test is used for |
| A. | C-reactive protein test |
| B. | Ascoli's thermoprecipitation test |
| C. | typing of streptococci and pneumococci |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 63. |
Commercially available ELISA kits are used for the detection of |
| A. | rotavirus |
| B. | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| C. | anti-HIV antibodies |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 64. |
Precipitation reaction can be converted into agglutination reaction by coating soluble antigen onto |
| A. | bentonite particles |
| B. | RBCs |
| C. | latex particles |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 65. |
Weil-Felix reaction is based on sharing of antigens between |
| A. | sheep RBCs and EB virus |
| B. | mycoplasma and human O group RBCs |
| C. | rickettsial antigens and antigens of certain strains of Proteus |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 66. |
If the Keq for an enzymatic reaction is greater than 1, the reaction |
| A. | will be endergonic |
| B. | can not occur without the input of energy |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 67. |
An endergonic reaction is one that |
| A. | requires energy in order to proceed |
| B. | releases energy for work |
| C. | gives off much heat |
| D. | looses energy |
| Answer» B. releases energy for work | |
| 68. |
The ability of a competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in an allosterically controlled enzyme is __________ than the ability of a non-competitive inhibitor to bind to an active site in the same allosterically controlled enzyme. |
| A. | greater |
| B. | lesser |
| C. | approximately equal |
| D. | half |
| Answer» B. lesser | |
| 69. |
The ability of FADH to be oxidized is __________ than the ability of FAD to be oxidized. |
| A. | greater |
| B. | lesser |
| C. | approximately equal |
| D. | half |
| Answer» B. lesser | |
| 70. |
Which is not an antigen-presenting cell (or APC)? |
| A. | B cell |
| B. | Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (or PMN) |
| C. | Dendritic cell |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» C. Dendritic cell | |
| 71. |
Amount of various immunoglobulin classes can be measured by |
| A. | double diffusion in one dimension |
| B. | single diffusion in two dimensions |
| C. | single diffusion in one dimension |
| D. | double diffusion in two dimensions |
| Answer» C. single diffusion in one dimension | |
| 72. |
In transport, hemophilia refers to failure to form |
| A. | soluble proteins |
| B. | insoluble proteins |
| C. | phagocytes |
| D. | heparin |
| Answer» C. phagocytes | |
| 73. |
Counter-immunoelectrophoresis is used for the detection of |
| A. | Meningococcal antigen |
| B. | Hepatitis B surface antigen |
| C. | Alpha-fetoprotein |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 74. |
Fluorescent treponemal antibody test is an example of |
| A. | indirect immunofluorescence |
| B. | direct immunofluorescence |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. direct immunofluorescence | |
| 75. |
Cytotoxic T-cells can be recognized by which of the following cell surface marker? |
| A. | CD4 |
| B. | CD7 |
| C. | CD8 |
| D. | CD9 |
| Answer» D. CD9 | |
| 76. |
Enzyme released upon injury to blood vessel is |
| A. | thrombin |
| B. | fibrinogen |
| C. | thrombokinase |
| D. | phagocyte |
| Answer» D. phagocyte | |
| 77. |
Method(s) that can be used to detect CMI is/are |
| A. | migration inhibition |
| B. | target cell destruction factor test |
| C. | skin test for delayed hypersensitivity |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 78. |
J chain is present in |
| A. | IgA |
| B. | IgM |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | IgE |
| Answer» D. IgE | |
| 79. |
Lens antigens of the eye are |
| A. | cross-reacting antigens |
| B. | sequestrated antigens |
| C. | neoantigens |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. neoantigens | |
| 80. |
Hemophilia refers to |
| A. | blood deficiency |
| B. | failure of blood clotting |
| C. | a disturbance in bone marrow |
| D. | excess of thrombokinase |
| Answer» C. a disturbance in bone marrow | |
| 81. |
Anthranilate synthase, the first enzyme of tryptophan biosynthesis after the branch point shows feedback inhibition and repression due to |
| A. | L-tryptophan |
| B. | D-L-tryptophan hydantoin |
| C. | L-serine |
| D. | pyruvate |
| Answer» B. D-L-tryptophan hydantoin | |
| 82. |
The term Agglutination refers to |
| A. | clumping of bacteria together |
| B. | easy attack by the antitoxins |
| C. | eating of phagocytes |
| D. | formation of pus |
| Answer» B. easy attack by the antitoxins | |
| 83. |
Precipitation reaction is relatively less sensitive for the detection of |
| A. | antigens |
| B. | antigen-antibody complexes |
| C. | antibodies |
| D. | complement |
| Answer» D. complement | |
| 84. |
A substrate binds to its enzyme at a location called the __________ site. |
| A. | coenzyme |
| B. | substrate |
| C. | active |
| D. | polypeptide |
| Answer» D. polypeptide | |
| 85. |
Antigen binding sites of an immunoglobulin are located in |
| A. | light chain alone |
| B. | heavy chain alone |
| C. | Fc region of the antibody |
| D. | Fab regions of the antibody |
| Answer» E. | |
| 86. |
'Stavudine' is drug that inhibit synthesis of |
| A. | RNA |
| B. | DNA |
| C. | Proteins |
| D. | Peptides |
| Answer» C. Proteins | |
| 87. |
In transportation in mammals, Thrombokinase is |
| A. | released during cellular respiration |
| B. | helps building new protoplasm |
| C. | released by damaged blood vessels |
| D. | form of calcium ion |
| Answer» D. form of calcium ion | |
| 88. |
Main side effect of drug 'ganciclovir' includes leukopenia and |
| A. | Thrombocytopenia |
| B. | Disk slip |
| C. | Lock jaw |
| D. | Gout |
| Answer» B. Disk slip | |
| 89. |
'Ganciclovir' is an effective treatment against |
| A. | Conjunctivitis |
| B. | Retinitis |
| C. | Bronchitis |
| D. | Cancer |
| Answer» C. Bronchitis | |
| 90. |
Chemically an antigen may be |
| A. | lipid |
| B. | protein |
| C. | polysaccharide |
| D. | any of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 91. |
Lysozyme is present in |
| A. | sweat |
| B. | Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) |
| C. | urine |
| D. | saliva |
| Answer» E. | |
| 92. |
Monoclonal antibody production requires |
| A. | mouse splenic lymphocytes |
| B. | mouse myeloma cells |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 93. |
Toxins induce blood to produce |
| A. | antitoxins |
| B. | phagocytes |
| C. | platelets |
| D. | monocytes |
| Answer» B. phagocytes | |
| 94. |
Agglutination reaction is more sensitive than precipitation for the detection of |
| A. | antigens |
| B. | antibodies |
| C. | complement |
| D. | antigen-antibody complexes |
| Answer» B. antibodies | |
| 95. |
Slide agglutination reaction is/are useful for the identification of the culture(s) of |
| A. | Shigella |
| B. | Vibrio cholerae |
| C. | Salmonella |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 96. |
Which of the following (s) is/are function (s) of Fc fragment of IgG? |
| A. | It determines catabolic rate |
| B. | It binds complement |
| C. | It is related to passage of IgG across the placental barrier |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 97. |
Denaturation of an enzyme refers to the |
| A. | improper arrangement of the enzyme in a metabolic pathway |
| B. | loss of the enzymes proper shape |
| C. | formation of the enzymes proper shape |
| D. | formation of a new isozyme for that enzyme |
| Answer» C. formation of the enzymes proper shape | |
| 98. |
'Entecavir' is a |
| A. | Guanosine analogue |
| B. | Cytosine analogue |
| C. | Thymine analogue |
| D. | Alanine analogue |
| Answer» B. Cytosine analogue | |
| 99. |
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum and chlamydia trachomatis are isolated from the |
| A. | Urine culture |
| B. | Genital tract culture |
| C. | Sputum culture |
| D. | Stool culture |
| Answer» C. Sputum culture | |
| 100. |
An important phagocytes, responses to inflammation, included 'macrophages' and |
| A. | Neutrophils |
| B. | Basophils |
| C. | Histamine |
| D. | Bradykinin |
| Answer» B. Basophils | |