Correct Answer – Option 3 : Trait theories

Concept: 

• Leadership is the ability to lead people. Theories of leadership explain why and who become leaders. 
• Thomas Carlyle gave the trait theory. According to trait theory, people inherit qualities of leadership. Therefore, they are well suited to become leaders. Some of the inherited traits are:

1. Extroversion
2. Confidence
3. Charisma
4. Cognitive skills

• Trait theory is similar to the Great Man Theory that believes people are born to lead. According to the Great man theory, leadership qualities are not learned, but some people are born to lead.

Explanation:

• The Situational theory believes in leadership according to variation in situations. Leaders adopt different leadership styles according to various circumstances.
• The Contingency theory believes there is no specific effective type of leadership. Leadership style depends on the particular variable of the environment.
• The Behavioral theory believes that leaders are trained and made. This theory is the opposite of the Great Man Theory.