Ans. Vernalization is a process of shortening of the juvenile or vegetative phase and hastening flowering by a previous cold treatment.Site for Vernalization: The stimulus of vernalization is perceived only by the meristem\xadatic cells, e.g., shoot tip, embryo tips, root apex, developing leaves, etc..Importance of Vernalization:\tVernalization can help in shortening the juvenile or vegetative period of plant and bring about early flowering. It is not only applicable to temperate plants but also to some tropical plants, e.g., Wheat, Rice, Millets, Cotton,\tIt increases yield, resistance to cold and diseases, and\tKernel wrinkles of Triticale can be removed by vernalization.