A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design____________________?

• A. Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
• B. Only if the opening is on a vertical cylindrical vessel
• C. Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylindrical vessel
• D. Irrespective of the shape of the vessel