

MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 35 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Microbiology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
1. |
Negative strand ssRNA viruses need to have a preformed replicase when they invade a mammalian cell because they |
A. | use it to terminate transcripts when they copy host cell mRNA |
B. | have to make a positive strand copy that can be translated |
C. | use it to modify host enzymes that are recruited for viral replication |
D. | none of the above |
Answer» C. use it to modify host enzymes that are recruited for viral replication | |
2. |
Animal viruses with capsids displaying helical symmetry include |
A. | measles and mumps |
B. | influenza |
C. | rabies |
D. | all of these |
Answer» E. | |
3. |
Icosahedral viruses are generally |
A. | polio viruses |
B. | adeno viruses |
C. | both (a) and (b) |
D. | none of these |
Answer» D. none of these | |
4. |
Negri bodies are found in cells infected with |
A. | Paramyxoviruses |
B. | Vaccinia virus |
C. | Fowlpox virus |
D. | Rabies virus |
Answer» E. | |
5. |
Which of the following virus is transmitted by genital route? |
A. | Papillomaviruses |
B. | Herpes simplex virus type 2 |
C. | Hepatitis B virus |
D. | All of these |
Answer» E. | |
6. |
The RNA sarcoma viruses, the most strongly transforming viruses may transform which of the following cells in a culture? |
A. | fibroblasts |
B. | myoblasts |
C. | iris epithelial |
D. | all of these |
Answer» E. | |
7. |
The predominant lipid substance found in the viral envelope is |
A. | phospholipids |
B. | glycolipids |
C. | neutral fat |
D. | all of these |
Answer» B. glycolipids | |
8. |
The structural abnormality of cells is termed as |
A. | hyperplasia |
B. | anaplasia |
C. | metastasis |
D. | all of these |
Answer» C. metastasis | |
9. |
Transfer of infection from cell to cell occurs mainly by direct transfer of virions via |
A. | plasmodesmata |
B. | cytodesmata |
C. | protodesmata |
D. | none of these |
Answer» B. cytodesmata | |
10. |
Interanuclear inclusion bodies are found in cells infected with |
A. | Parvoviruses |
B. | Herpesviruses |
C. | Adenoviruses |
D. | all of these |
Answer» E. | |
11. |
What is the function of positive strand in double stranded RNA viruses? |
A. | Synthesis of protein |
B. | Production of ribosomes |
C. | Both (a) and (b) |
D. | None of these |
Answer» B. Production of ribosomes | |
12. |
Plant viruses penetrate host cells through transient ores called |
A. | ectodesmata |
B. | endodesmata |
C. | cytodesmata |
D. | protodesmata |
Answer» B. endodesmata | |
13. |
Which of the following virus is transmitted by the respiratory route? |
A. | Rhinovirus |
B. | Coronavirus |
C. | Measles virus |
D. | All of these |
Answer» E. | |
14. |
Supercoiling refers to the extra turns in the structure of ds DNA due to the action of |
A. | DNA gyrase |
B. | DNA pyrase |
C. | RNA gyrase |
D. | RNA pyrase |
Answer» B. DNA pyrase | |
15. |
The transcription of the viral nucleic acid into mRNA is not necessary in case of |
A. | RNA viruses |
B. | ds DNA viruses |
C. | ss DNA viruses |
D. | all of these |
Answer» B. ds DNA viruses | |
16. |
The reovirus and influenza virus contain |
A. | 10 different segments of dsRNA and 8 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
B. | 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
C. | 5 different segments of dsRNA and 7 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
D. | 7 different segments of dsRNA and 5different segments of ssRNA respectively |
Answer» B. 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively | |
17. |
The microbes which are most likely to be completely dependent on a plant or animal host are |
A. | viruses |
B. | bacteria |
C. | fungi |
D. | algae |
Answer» B. bacteria | |
18. |
The two major components of viruses are |
A. | fat and protein |
B. | nucleic acid and protein |
C. | carbohydrate and nucleic acid |
D. | fat and carbohydrate |
Answer» C. carbohydrate and nucleic acid | |
19. |
The penetration of animal viruses into attached cells occur by mechanisms consisting of engulfment of whole virions by the cells in a phagocytic process called |
A. | vitropexis |
B. | viropexis |
C. | ectodesmata |
D. | vivopexis |
Answer» C. ectodesmata | |
20. |
West Nile virus can cause a disease in human beings that may be transmitted from an infected bird to a person by a mosquito. This is an example of |
A. | endogenous infection |
B. | fomite borne disease |
C. | arthropod borne disease |
D. | nosocomial infection |
Answer» D. nosocomial infection | |
21. |
Influenza virus undergoes antigenic shift resulting in major antigenic changes by which of the following mechanisms? |
A. | Somatic recombination of heavy and light chains |
B. | Expression of several different capsule types |
C. | Changing the receptor binding canyon that docks with the host receptor |
D. | Reassortment of RNA segments from different influenza viruses |
Answer» E. | |
22. |
The nucleocapsid is covered by an outer membrane like structure called |
A. | envelope |
B. | covering |
C. | membronocapsid |
D. | all of these |
Answer» B. covering | |
23. |
Which type of interferon is produced by virus-infected cells? |
A. | |
B. | |
C. | Both (a) and (b) |
D. | None of these |
Answer» D. None of these | |
24. |
Fluorescence microscopy can be used for the diagnosis of |
A. | Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
B. | Herpes simplex encephalitis |
C. | Rabies |
D. | All of these |
Answer» E. | |
25. |
Viral matrix proteins are |
A. | exposed on the surface of the virus |
B. | found mainly on naked viruses |
C. | anchor the envelope of enveloped viruses |
D. | part of the nucleoprotein core of viruses |
Answer» D. part of the nucleoprotein core of viruses | |
26. |
Which of the following reflects the correct order of events that take place during the multiplication of a virus? |
A. | Attachment, penetration, maturation, biosynthesis, release |
B. | Penetration, attachment, biosynthesis, maturation, release |
C. | Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release |
D. | Attachment, release, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration |
Answer» D. Attachment, release, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration | |
27. |
What can be coated to the plastic dish if an ELISA is performed to directly detect polio virus? |
A. | Patient serum |
B. | Anti-polio antibody |
C. | Polio capsid protein |
D. | Colored substrate |
Answer» C. Polio capsid protein | |
28. |
What does the positive strand in double stranded RNA viruses stands for? |
A. | rRNA |
B. | tRNA |
C. | mRNA |
D. | None of these |
Answer» D. None of these | |
29. |
Which of the following characteristics would not be used to classify viruses? |
A. | Type of cell wall structure |
B. | Type of nucleic acid |
C. | Presence of an envelope |
D. | Symmetry |
Answer» B. Type of nucleic acid | |
30. |
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies are found in cells infected with |
A. | Rabies virus |
B. | Vaccinia virus |
C. | Fowlpox virus |
D. | all of these |
Answer» E. | |
31. |
Which type of interferon is produced by T lymphocytes? |
A. | |
B. | |
C. | |
D. | and |
Answer» D. and | |
32. |
Viropexis takes place in the phagocytic vacuoles and is due to the action of enzymes |
A. | DNA gyrase |
B. | lysosomal protease |
C. | lysosomal lipase |
D. | all of these |
Answer» C. lysosomal lipase | |
33. |
The uncontrolled proliferation of cells is termed as |
A. | hyperplasia |
B. | anaplasia |
C. | metastasis |
D. | all of these |
Answer» B. anaplasia | |
34. |
The tissue structure deteriorates as the virus multiplies. This deterioration is called |
A. | aneuploidy |
B. | protopathic effect |
C. | cytopathic effect |
D. | none of these |
Answer» D. none of these | |
35. |
Mumps vaccine is prepared from the cultures of |
A. | chick fibroblasts |
B. | African green monkey cells |
C. | healthy calves |
D. | sheep |
Answer» B. African green monkey cells | |