MCQOPTIONS
Saved Bookmarks
MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 128 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Microbiology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Which of the following virus is transmitted by genital route? |
| A. | Papillomaviruses |
| B. | Herpes simplex virus type 2 |
| C. | Hepatitis B virus |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 2. |
Negri bodies are found in cells infected with |
| A. | Paramyxoviruses |
| B. | Vaccinia virus |
| C. | Fowlpox virus |
| D. | Rabies virus |
| Answer» E. | |
| 3. |
The uncontrolled proliferation of cells is termed as |
| A. | hyperplasia |
| B. | anaplasia |
| C. | metastasis |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. anaplasia | |
| 4. |
The RNA sarcoma viruses, the most strongly transforming viruses may transform which of the following cells in a culture? |
| A. | fibroblasts |
| B. | myoblasts |
| C. | iris epithelial |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
Plant viruses penetrate host cells through transient ores called |
| A. | ectodesmata |
| B. | endodesmata |
| C. | cytodesmata |
| D. | protodesmata |
| Answer» B. endodesmata | |
| 6. |
Negative strand ssRNA viruses need to have a preformed replicase when they invade a mammalian cell because they |
| A. | use it to terminate transcripts when they copy host cell mRNA |
| B. | have to make a positive strand copy that can be translated |
| C. | use it to modify host enzymes that are recruited for viral replication |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» C. use it to modify host enzymes that are recruited for viral replication | |
| 7. |
Which of the following reflects the correct order of events that take place during the multiplication of a virus? |
| A. | Attachment, penetration, maturation, biosynthesis, release |
| B. | Penetration, attachment, biosynthesis, maturation, release |
| C. | Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release |
| D. | Attachment, release, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration |
| Answer» D. Attachment, release, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration | |
| 8. |
Influenza virus undergoes antigenic shift resulting in major antigenic changes by which of the following mechanisms? |
| A. | Somatic recombination of heavy and light chains |
| B. | Expression of several different capsule types |
| C. | Changing the receptor binding canyon that docks with the host receptor |
| D. | Reassortment of RNA segments from different influenza viruses |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
The reovirus and influenza virus contain |
| A. | 10 different segments of dsRNA and 8 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| B. | 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| C. | 5 different segments of dsRNA and 7 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| D. | 7 different segments of dsRNA and 5different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| Answer» B. 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively | |
| 10. |
Which of the following is responsible for a musty or earthy flavor? |
| A. | Actinomycetes |
| B. | Flavobacterium |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | Pseudomonas syncyanea |
| Answer» B. Flavobacterium | |
| 11. |
Anthracnose is a defect which can be observed as |
| A. | spotting of leaves |
| B. | spotting of seedpods |
| C. | spotting of fruits |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 12. |
Saprophytic bacteria cause |
| A. | sliminess or souring in piled, wet and heating vegetables |
| B. | brown rot in vegetables |
| C. | black rot in fruits |
| D. | bacterial soft rot |
| Answer» B. brown rot in vegetables | |
| 13. |
Pink rots in eggs is caused by the strains of |
| A. | Pseudomonas |
| B. | Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| C. | species of Micrococcus or Bacillus |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» B. Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| 14. |
Which of the following is the spike antigen of HIV-I? |
| A. | gp 120 |
| B. | gp 140 |
| C. | gp 36 |
| D. | gp 41 |
| Answer» B. gp 140 | |
| 15. |
The acidity may be described as "aromatic" when |
| A. | Lactic streptococci and aroma forming Leuconostoc species are growing together |
| B. | Streptococcus lactis and other lactis are growing together |
| C. | appreciable amounts of volatile fatty acids are produced by Coliform bacteria |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. Streptococcus lactis and other lactis are growing together | |
| 16. |
Bacterial ropiness in milk is caused by |
| A. | slimy capsular material from the cells usually gums or mucins |
| B. | slimy capsular material from the cells usually proteins |
| C. | slimy capsular material from the cells usually lipids |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» B. slimy capsular material from the cells usually proteins | |
| 17. |
Which of the cause(s) has/have been suggested for the chill rings in sausage? |
| A. | Oxidation |
| B. | Production of organic acids or reducing substances by bacteria |
| C. | Excessive water |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 18. |
An alkaline reaction in milk is caused by the alkali formers bacteria as |
| A. | Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| B. | A. viscolactis |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 19. |
Black spot in meat are produced mainly by |
| A. | Cladosporium |
| B. | Thamnidium |
| C. | Mucor |
| D. | Rhizopus |
| Answer» B. Thamnidium | |
| 20. |
The yoghurt is made from |
| A. | Lactobacillus bulgaricus |
| B. | Streptococcus thermophilus |
| C. | S. cremoris |
| D. | mixed culture of (a) and (b) |
| Answer» E. | |
| 21. |
Cheese cancer of Swiss and similar cheese is caused by |
| A. | Oospora Crustacea |
| B. | Oospora caseovorans |
| C. | Oospora aurianticum |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. Oospora aurianticum | |
| 22. |
Esters like flavors in butter are resulted from the action of |
| A. | P. mephitica |
| B. | Aeromonas hydrophila |
| C. | P. fragi |
| D. | Pseudomonas synxantha |
| Answer» D. Pseudomonas synxantha | |
| 23. |
Watery soft rot is found mostly in |
| A. | fruits |
| B. | vegetables |
| C. | cereals |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» C. cereals | |
| 24. |
A viral load test detects the |
| A. | provirus of HIV in infected cells |
| B. | total amount of virus in the infected host |
| C. | number of viruses being released by each infected cell |
| D. | amount of bacteriophage being produced by E. coli cells |
| Answer» B. total amount of virus in the infected host | |
| 25. |
Colorless rots in eggs is caused by |
| A. | Pseudomonas alcaligenes |
| B. | Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| 26. |
Bulgarian butter milk is made with the help of |
| A. | Lactobacillus bulgaricus |
| B. | Streptococcus lactis |
| C. | Streptococcus thermophilus |
| D. | S. cremoris |
| Answer» B. Streptococcus lactis | |
| 27. |
Which of the following microorganism spoil poultry in polyethylene bags? |
| A. | Pseudomonas-achromobacter |
| B. | Alcaligenes |
| C. | hetero-fermentative species |
| D. | catalase negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. Alcaligenes | |
| 28. |
The problem(s) associated with development of a vaccine against HIV is/are |
| A. | antibody alone may be insufficient |
| B. | rapid mutation of HIV |
| C. | virus can spread from cell to cell by fusion to produce syncytia |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 29. |
Cheese with too low an acidity because of the addition of cream or the failure of the starter often is made gelatinous or slimy by |
| A. | Pseudomonas |
| B. | P. fragi |
| C. | Alcaligenes metalcaligenes |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 30. |
Which of the following species of Clostridium is responsible for formation of dark green to black colours in cheese? |
| A. | Clostridium tyrobutyricum |
| B. | Clostridium sporogenes |
| C. | Clostridium herbarum |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 31. |
Which of the following (s) is/are responsible for the green patches on the surface of meats under aerobic conditions? |
| A. | P. expansum |
| B. | P. asperulum |
| C. | P. oxalicum |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 32. |
The cells most oftenly infected by HIV are |
| A. | Null cells |
| B. | CD8 + T lymphocytes |
| C. | CD4 + T lymphocytes |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 33. |
More spoilage of eggs is caused by |
| A. | bacteria than molds |
| B. | molds than bacteria |
| C. | synergistically |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. molds than bacteria | |
| 34. |
Non bacterial ropiness or sliminess in milk and milk products may be due to the |
| A. | stringiness caused by mastitis and in particular by fibrin and leucocytes from the cow's blood. |
| B. | sliminess resulting from the thickness of the cream |
| C. | stringiness due to thin films of casein or lactalbumin during cooling |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 35. |
The greening of sausage may appear as a green ring not far from the casing, a green core, or a green surface. The cause of greening is the production of hydrogen peroxide by |
| A. | hetero-fermentative species |
| B. | catalase negative bacteria |
| C. | both (a) and (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 36. |
Unopened, sliced bacon, packaged in material somewhat highly resistant to oxygen permeability, is spoiled mostly by |
| A. | Lactobacilli |
| B. | Micrococci |
| C. | fecal Streptococci |
| D. | molds |
| Answer» B. Micrococci | |
| 37. |
What is the average incubation period for development of AIDS? |
| A. | One year |
| B. | Five years |
| C. | Ten years |
| D. | Twenty years |
| Answer» D. Twenty years | |
| 38. |
The commonest opportunistic infection in AIDS patient in India is |
| A. | cryptosporidiosis |
| B. | toxoplasmosis |
| C. | tuberculosis |
| D. | cryptococcosis |
| Answer» D. cryptococcosis | |
| 39. |
Pseudomonas nigrifaciens in mildly salted butter may cause |
| A. | black smudge |
| B. | greenish areas |
| C. | pink color |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. greenish areas | |
| 40. |
Black mold rot is caused by |
| A. | A.flavus |
| B. | A. niger |
| C. | Trichoderma |
| D. | Trichothecium roseum |
| Answer» C. Trichoderma | |
| 41. |
HIV or Human Immunodeficiency Virus is considered unique because each virus contains: |
| A. | more than 100 copies of the viral genome |
| B. | a genome made up of both DNA and RNA components |
| C. | a viral enzyme known as reverse transcriptase |
| D. | sticky proteins that allow it to bind tightly to host cells |
| Answer» D. sticky proteins that allow it to bind tightly to host cells | |
| 42. |
The reovirus and influenza virus contain |
| A. | 10 different segments of dsRNA and 8 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| B. | 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| C. | 5 different segments of dsRNA and 7 different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| D. | 7 different segments of dsRNA and 5different segments of ssRNA respectively |
| Answer» B. 8 different segments of dsRNA and 10 different segments of ssRNA respectively | |
| 43. |
Which of the following characteristics would not be used to classify viruses? |
| A. | Type of cell wall structure |
| B. | Type of nucleic acid |
| C. | Presence of an envelope |
| D. | Symmetry |
| Answer» B. Type of nucleic acid | |
| 44. |
Viral matrix proteins are |
| A. | exposed on the surface of the virus |
| B. | found mainly on naked viruses |
| C. | anchor the envelope of enveloped viruses |
| D. | part of the nucleoprotein core of viruses |
| Answer» D. part of the nucleoprotein core of viruses | |
| 45. |
The nucleocapsid is covered by an outer membrane like structure called |
| A. | envelope |
| B. | covering |
| C. | membronocapsid |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» B. covering | |
| 46. |
Which type of interferon is produced by virus-infected cells? |
| A. | α |
| B. | β |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 47. |
Influenza virus undergoes antigenic shift resulting in major antigenic changes by which of the following mechanisms? |
| A. | Somatic recombination of heavy and light chains |
| B. | Expression of several different capsule types |
| C. | Changing the receptor binding canyon that docks with the host receptor |
| D. | Reassortment of RNA segments from different influenza viruses |
| Answer» E. | |
| 48. |
Which of the following virus is transmitted by the respiratory route? |
| A. | Rhinovirus |
| B. | Coronavirus |
| C. | Measles virus |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 49. |
What is the function of positive strand in double stranded RNA viruses? |
| A. | Synthesis of protein |
| B. | Production of ribosomes |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» B. Production of ribosomes | |
| 50. |
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies are found in cells infected with |
| A. | Rabies virus |
| B. | Vaccinia virus |
| C. | Fowlpox virus |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |