Given below are two statementsStatement I: A research hypothesis is a tentative statement postulating a relationship between factual and conceptual elements of the variablesStatement II: A researcher sets up a 'Null hypothesis' so that the deduced consequences of a research hypothesis may be directly testedIn light of the above statement, choose the correct answer from the option given below

Both statement I and statement II are false

Both statement I and statement II are true

Both statement I and statement II are false

Statement I is correct but statement II is false

Statement I is incorrect but statement II is true

A certain and established finding

A part of the research question

A tentative statement proving an explanation

Cricket score is what kind of variable ?

Both discrete and continuous variable

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason RAssertion A: Empirico - inductive paradigm in research focuses on meaning - giving subjective perspectives to depict realityReason R: The purpose of research in this paradigm is not to arrive at generalizations but to discover the reality as livedIn light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

A is correct but R is not correct

A is not correct but R is correct

A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis (Ho) in his/her research. What implications will it carry for his/her principal research hypothesis?

Not taking any decision on the research hypothesis

Accepting the research hypothesis

Rejecting the research hypothesis

Not taking any decision on the research hypothesis

Improving the research hypothesis

A university teacher administers a self-made test for the summative evaluation of his/her students. The distribution of scores of students is found to be positively skewed.What inference he/she should make about the difficulty level of this test?

The test is quite interesting to students

The test is much too easy for students

The test is difficult for students

The test is quite interesting to students

The test is favouring those students who are low rankers

A literature review is characterized by all of the following except :

Use important topics as the organizational structure of the review

Summarise and report each article

Use important topics as the organizational structure of the review

Analyze all articles for similarities and differences related to major topics

Discuss implications relative to the research problem.

Aerobic exercise will reduce levels of state anxiety-Identify independent (IV) and dependent variables (DV)

Anxiety (IV) and reducing levels (DV)

Aerobic exercise (DV) and levels of state anxiety (IV)

Aerobic exercise (IV) and levels of state anxiety (DV)

Anxiety (IV) and reducing levels (DV)

Exercise and anxiety (IV), reducing (DV)

Given below are two statements: Statement I: A research hypothesis is a conjectural statement postulating the relationship among variables with a view to advance solution to the problem of study. Statement II: The Non-probability sampling procedures provide the best estimate for the population parameter. In the light of the above statements. choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Both Statement I and Statement II are false

Statement I is correct but Statement II is false

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

A good review of the research literature aims at:

Conducts multiple task based screening

Subjective analysis of the content

Providing information about the authors and their affiliations

Generating research questions and validating those questions

Conducts multiple task based screening

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason RAssertion A: Machine Learning requires good quality and sufficient data to train and test the algorithmReason R: For correct classification, good quality data which is free from noise, and sufficient data is required for training and testing of the algorithm.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

A is correct but R is not correct

A is not correct but R is correct

A college teacher intends to find out as to what extent student involvement in learning of boys and girls from rural/urban areas is attributable to the socio-economic status of the family from which they hail. What will be designated as an independent variable in this research project?

Student involvement in learning

Socio-economic status of the family

Close ended questions are those that :

relate to basic demographic characteristics

allows respondents not to answer

have a fixed range of possible answers

69 + Mcqs in Steps Of Research in UGC-NET Page 1 McqOptions

1.	Given below are two statementsStatement I: A research hypothesis is a tentative statement postulating a relationship between factual and conceptual elements of the variablesStatement II: A researcher sets up a 'Null hypothesis' so that the deduced consequences of a research hypothesis may be directly testedIn light of the above statement, choose the correct answer from the option given below
A.	Both statement I and statement II are true
B.	Both statement I and statement II are false
C.	Statement I is correct but statement II is false
D.	Statement I is incorrect but statement II is true
Answer» B. Both statement I and statement II are false

Discussion

2.	In order to show the strength of PG and Ph.D. students in TEN different institutions of a state, most suitable diagram will be:
A.	Pie chart
B.	Two charts
C.	Multiple bar diagram
D.	Two Multiple bar diagrams
Answer» C. Multiple bar diagram

Discussion

3.	A questionnaire that offers no scope for any respondent’s own view is called:
A.	Closed-ended
B.	Schedule
C.	Open-ended
D.	Unstructured
Answer» B. Schedule

Discussion

4.	Identify the characteristics of a good research hypothesis from the followingA. Amenable to empirical verificationB. Conceptual clarity in defining the variablesC. Plausibility of relationships postulatedD. Accessibility in terms of researcher's resourcesE. Extent of its non-refutabilityChoose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	B, C and D only
B.	A, B and D only
C.	C, D and E only
D.	A, B and C only
Answer» E.

Discussion

5.	In order to understand the classroom teaching-learning process, which of the following research tool is most appropriate?
A.	Rating Scale
B.	Questionnaire
C.	Observation Schedule
D.	Interview Schedule
Answer» D. Interview Schedule

Discussion

6.	Identify independent and dependent variables in this hypothesis :Running will increase a person’s heart rate.
A.	Increase (IV), Person (DV)
B.	Increase (DV), Person (IV)
C.	Running (DV), Heart rate (IV)
D.	Running (IV), Heart rate (DV)
Answer» E.

Discussion

7.	A hypothesis is:
A.	A certain and established finding
B.	A part of the research question
C.	A strategy of evaluating data
D.	A tentative statement proving an explanation
Answer» E.

Discussion

8.	No hypothesis can be stated in........ terms.
A.	directional
B.	declarative
C.	null and interrogative
D.	general
Answer» E.

Discussion

9.	In which type of qualitative research designs, individual stories to describe the lives of people are explored?
A.	Ethnography
B.	Grounded theory research
C.	Symbolic interaction
D.	Narrative research
Answer» E.

Discussion

10.	'CENSUS' data are:
A.	Primary data
B.	Secondary data
C.	Simulated data
D.	Cross-sectional data
Answer» B. Secondary data

Discussion

11.	Cricket score is what kind of variable ?
A.	Continuous variable
B.	Discrete variable
C.	Both discrete and continuous variable
D.	Intervening variable
Answer» C. Both discrete and continuous variable

Discussion

12.	In a survevy people are choosed from class friends or neighbours for the purpose of knowing their preference for a certain brand of soft drink, is an example of
A.	Convenience sampling
B.	Judgement sampling
C.	Cluster sampling
D.	Startified sampling
Answer» B. Judgement sampling

Discussion

13.	A shift in attitude in respondents between two points during data collection is called:
A.	Reactive effect
B.	Maturation effect
C.	Regression effect
D.	Conditioning effect
Answer» D. Conditioning effect

Discussion

14.	A distribution that is abnormally tall and peaked is said to be
A.	Leptokurtic
B.	Pyrokurtic
C.	Platykurtic
D.	Mesokurtic
Answer» B. Pyrokurtic

Discussion

15.	A quantitative description of experienced data is _______ a measurement.
A.	Simply
B.	Particularly
C.	Individually
D.	None of these
Answer» B. Particularly

Discussion

16.	Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason RAssertion A: Empirico - inductive paradigm in research focuses on meaning - giving subjective perspectives to depict realityReason R: The purpose of research in this paradigm is not to arrive at generalizations but to discover the reality as livedIn light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
A.	Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
B.	Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
C.	A is correct but R is not correct
D.	A is not correct but R is correct
Answer» B. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

Discussion

17.	A university teacher intends to study the relationship between level of aspiration and achievement of rural children. Which design of research will be most appropriate in the context?
A.	Experimental research design
B.	Ex Post Facto research design
C.	Historical research design
D.	Survey research design
Answer» C. Historical research design

Discussion

18.	In which of the following methods of research the independent variable has to be selected rather than manipulated?
A.	Descriptive survey method
B.	Experimental method
C.	Ex post facto method
D.	Exegetic research
Answer» D. Exegetic research

Discussion

19.	A college/university teacher plans to test his/her substantive research hypothesis in a major project. Which of the following statements are considered relevant in this regard?A. Substantive research hypothesis has to clearly specify the relationship among variables.B. Research hypothesis may be directed at finding out differential effects or relationshipsC. Null hypothesis should be formulated beforehendD. There is direct support available for testing the substantive research hypothesisE. The final decision on the research hypothesis may be reached indirectly by deciding the fate of the Null hypothesisChoose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	A, B and C only
B.	B, C and D only
C.	A, D and E only
D.	A, B and E only
Answer» E.

Discussion

20.	A research scholar finds through statistical analysis that the value of 't' is significant. What decision is warranted on the basis of this hypothesis?A. The Null hypothesis should be rejectedB. The research hypothesis should be acceptedC. The null hypothesis should be acceptedD. The research hypothesis should be rejectedE. No decision is warranted in respect of the research hypothesisChoose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	A and B only
B.	B and C only
C.	C and D only
D.	D and E only
Answer» B. B and C only

Discussion

21.	List IList IISampling techniques used in researchDescriptionA. Simple random samplingI. The units are identified in terms of various specific features identified before drawing a sample structureB. Systematic samplingII. Each unit is given an equal independent chance of being picked upC. Dimensional samplingIII. The k – interval is obtained by N/n and the units are drawn using the same, where N is population size and n is desired sample size.D. Snowball samplingIV. First member unit is used to identify the second unit and so on Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	A - I, B - IV, C - II, D - III
B.	A - II, B - III, C - I, D - IV
C.	A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I
D.	A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II
Answer» C. A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I

Discussion

22.	From the list given below, identify those which are called ‘Non-Probability Sampling’ procedures:(i) Simple random sampling(ii) Dimensional sampling(iii) Snowball sampling(iv) Cluster sampling(v) Quota sampling(vi) Stratified samplingChoose the correct option:
A.	(i), (ii) and (iii)
B.	(ii), (iv) and (v)
C.	(i), (iii) and (iv)
D.	(ii), (iii) and (v)
Answer» E.

Discussion

23.	In which of the scales of measurement, the properties of classification and order, both are present?
A.	Nominal
B.	Ordinal
C.	Interval
D.	Ratio
Answer» C. Interval

Discussion

24.	A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis (Ho) in his/her research. What implications will it carry for his/her principal research hypothesis?
A.	Accepting the research hypothesis
B.	Rejecting the research hypothesis
C.	Not taking any decision on the research hypothesis
D.	Improving the research hypothesis
Answer» C. Not taking any decision on the research hypothesis

Discussion

25.	A hypothesis is not always necessary in ______ studies.
A.	normative
B.	correlational
C.	experimental
D.	historical
Answer» E.

Discussion

26.	A research hypothesis is a
A.	Theory
B.	Principle
C.	Tentative proposition
D.	Postulate
Answer» D. Postulate

Discussion

27.	A university teacher administers a self-made test for the summative evaluation of his/her students. The distribution of scores of students is found to be positively skewed.What inference he/she should make about the difficulty level of this test?
A.	The test is much too easy for students
B.	The test is difficult for students
C.	The test is quite interesting to students
D.	The test is favouring those students who are low rankers
Answer» C. The test is quite interesting to students

Discussion

28.	A literature review is characterized by all of the following except :
A.	Summarise and report each article
B.	Use important topics as the organizational structure of the review
C.	Analyze all articles for similarities and differences related to major topics
D.	Discuss implications relative to the research problem.
Answer» B. Use important topics as the organizational structure of the review

Discussion

29.	A proposal that may provisionally serve as a starting point for further research is known as a ___________.
A.	hypothesis
B.	theory
C.	model
D.	principle
Answer» B. theory

Discussion

30.	A tentative proposition with unknown validity that specifies a relationship between two or more variables is called
A.	research problem
B.	research proposal
C.	research design
D.	research hypothesis
Answer» E.

Discussion

31.	From the following, identify those which are called non-probability sampling procedures:a) Systematic samplingb) Quota samplingc) Stratified samplingd) Purposive samplinge) Snowball samplingChoose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	a, b and c only
B.	b, c and d only
C.	b, d and e only
D.	c, d and e only
Answer» D. c, d and e only

Discussion

32.	A hypothesis that states zero difference or no difference between the parameter and its assumed value is known as:
A.	Simple hypothesis
B.	Directional hypothesis
C.	Non-directional hypothesis
D.	Null hypothesis
Answer» E.

Discussion

33.	Quantitative data
A.	table
B.	histogram
C.	dot plot
D.	pie chart
Answer» C. dot plot

Discussion

34.	Attitudes can be measured using this scale
A.	5-point scale
B.	Waveform
C.	Richeter scale
D.	Likert scale
Answer» E.

Discussion

35.	Hypothesis cannot be stated in :
A.	null terms
B.	affirmative terms
C.	general terms
D.	declarative terms
Answer» D. declarative terms

Discussion

36.	A proposal that may provisionally serve as the starting point for further research is known as ______ hypothesis.
A.	one-sided
B.	inductive
C.	working
D.	non-directional
Answer» D. non-directional

Discussion

37.	If data has been recorded using technical media, which among the following is a necessary step on the way to its interpretation?
A.	Transcription
B.	Structural Equation Modelling
C.	Sequential Analysis
D.	Sampling
Answer» B. Structural Equation Modelling

Discussion

38.	Aerobic exercise will reduce levels of state anxiety-Identify independent (IV) and dependent variables (DV)
A.	Aerobic exercise (DV) and levels of state anxiety (IV)
B.	Aerobic exercise (IV) and levels of state anxiety (DV)
C.	Anxiety (IV) and reducing levels (DV)
D.	Exercise and anxiety (IV), reducing (DV)
Answer» C. Anxiety (IV) and reducing levels (DV)

Discussion

39.	In experimental research-based studies the observations derived from which of the following variables are considered for statistical analysis?
A.	Independent variable
B.	Dependent variable
C.	Moderator variable
D.	Control variable
Answer» C. Moderator variable

Discussion

40.	In which scale of measurement, classification, order and equality of units are ensured?
A.	Ordinal
B.	Nominal
C.	Interval
D.	Ratio
Answer» D. Ratio

Discussion

41.	Given below are two statements: Statement I: A research hypothesis is a conjectural statement postulating the relationship among variables with a view to advance solution to the problem of study. Statement II: The Non-probability sampling procedures provide the best estimate for the population parameter. In the light of the above statements. choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A.	Both Statement I and Statement II are true
B.	Both Statement I and Statement II are false
C.	Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
D.	Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true
Answer» D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

Discussion

42.	If the sample drawn does not specify any condition about the parameter of the population, it is called:
A.	Selected statistics
B.	Distribution free statistics
C.	Parametric statistics
D.	Inferential statistics
Answer» C. Parametric statistics

Discussion

43.	A good review of the research literature aims at:
A.	Subjective analysis of the content
B.	Providing information about the authors and their affiliations
C.	Generating research questions and validating those questions
D.	Conducts multiple task based screening
Answer» D. Conducts multiple task based screening

Discussion

44.	A pilot study is also called a:
A.	descriptive study
B.	feasibility study
C.	correlation study
D.	explanatory study
Answer» C. correlation study

Discussion

45.	Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason RAssertion A: Machine Learning requires good quality and sufficient data to train and test the algorithmReason R: For correct classification, good quality data which is free from noise, and sufficient data is required for training and testing of the algorithm.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
A.	Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
B.	Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
C.	A is correct but R is not correct
D.	A is not correct but R is correct
Answer» B. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

Discussion

46.	A ________ is used to show exact values.
A.	pie chart
B.	table
C.	bar diagram
D.	dot plot
Answer» C. bar diagram

Discussion

47.	Hypothesis testing is the main concept of which type of research?
A.	Experimental research
B.	Historical research
C.	Survey research
D.	Exegetic research
Answer» B. Historical research

Discussion

48.	A college teacher intends to find out as to what extent student involvement in learning of boys and girls from rural/urban areas is attributable to the socio-economic status of the family from which they hail. What will be designated as an independent variable in this research project?
A.	Student involvement in learning
B.	Socio-economic status of the family
C.	Rural/urban areas
D.	Gender (Boys and Girls)
Answer» C. Rural/urban areas

Discussion

49.	For a perfectly homogenous population, the minimum required sample size is
A.	1
B.	2
C.	Whole population
D.	Infinite
Answer» B. 2

Discussion

50.	Close ended questions are those that :
A.	relate to basic demographic characteristics
B.	encourage elaborate response
C.	allows respondents not to answer
D.	have a fixed range of possible answers
Answer» E.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise MCQs in UGC-NET.

In order to show the strength of PG and Ph.D. students in TEN different institutions of a state, most suitable diagram will be:

A questionnaire that offers no scope for any respondent’s own view is called:

In order to understand the classroom teaching-learning process, which of the following research tool is most appropriate?

Identify independent and dependent variables in this hypothesis :Running will increase a person’s heart rate.

A hypothesis is:

No hypothesis can be stated in........ terms.

In which type of qualitative research designs, individual stories to describe the lives of people are explored?

'CENSUS' data are:

Cricket score is what kind of variable ?

In a survevy people are choosed from class friends or neighbours for the purpose of knowing their preference for a certain brand of soft drink, is an example of

A shift in attitude in respondents between two points during data collection is called:

A distribution that is abnormally tall and peaked is said to be

A quantitative description of experienced data is _______ a measurement.

A university teacher intends to study the relationship between level of aspiration and achievement of rural children. Which design of research will be most appropriate in the context?

In which of the following methods of research the independent variable has to be selected rather than manipulated?

From the list given below, identify those which are called ‘Non-Probability Sampling’ procedures:(i) Simple random sampling(ii) Dimensional sampling(iii) Snowball sampling(iv) Cluster sampling(v) Quota sampling(vi) Stratified samplingChoose the correct option:

In which of the scales of measurement, the properties of classification and order, both are present?

A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis (Ho) in his/her research. What implications will it carry for his/her principal research hypothesis?

A hypothesis is not always necessary in ______ studies.

A research hypothesis is a

A university teacher administers a self-made test for the summative evaluation of his/her students. The distribution of scores of students is found to be positively skewed.What inference he/she should make about the difficulty level of this test?

A literature review is characterized by all of the following except :

A proposal that may provisionally serve as a starting point for further research is known as a ___________.

A tentative proposition with unknown validity that specifies a relationship between two or more variables is called

From the following, identify those which are called non-probability sampling procedures:a) Systematic samplingb) Quota samplingc) Stratified samplingd) Purposive samplinge) Snowball samplingChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

A hypothesis that states zero difference or no difference between the parameter and its assumed value is known as:

Quantitative data

Attitudes can be measured using this scale

Hypothesis cannot be stated in :

A proposal that may provisionally serve as the starting point for further research is known as ______ hypothesis.

If data has been recorded using technical media, which among the following is a necessary step on the way to its interpretation?

Aerobic exercise will reduce levels of state anxiety-Identify independent (IV) and dependent variables (DV)

In experimental research-based studies the observations derived from which of the following variables are considered for statistical analysis?

In which scale of measurement, classification, order and equality of units are ensured?

If the sample drawn does not specify any condition about the parameter of the population, it is called:

A good review of the research literature aims at:

A pilot study is also called a:

A ________ is used to show exact values.

Hypothesis testing is the main concept of which type of research?

A college teacher intends to find out as to what extent student involvement in learning of boys and girls from rural/urban areas is attributable to the socio-economic status of the family from which they hail. What will be designated as an independent variable in this research project?

For a perfectly homogenous population, the minimum required sample size is

Close ended questions are those that :