MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 38 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Microbiology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Penicillin resistance in is acquired due to |
| A. | conjugation |
| B. | mutation |
| C. | transformation |
| D. | transduction |
| Answer» E. | |
| 2. |
Which of the following genetic elements carry the genes required for integration into host chromosomes? |
| A. | Replicon |
| B. | Plasmids |
| C. | Transposons |
| D. | Tandons |
| Answer» D. Tandons | |
| 3. |
Which of the following statement can describe horizontal transfer? |
| A. | The synthesis of protein in RNA |
| B. | The transmission of genetic information from one independent, mature organism to another |
| C. | The transmission of genetic information from parent to offspring |
| D. | The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template |
| Answer» C. The transmission of genetic information from parent to offspring | |
| 4. |
The chromosomal genes, possessing fertility factor is known as |
| A. | R factor |
| B. | F prime factor |
| C. | HFr |
| D. | F factor |
| Answer» C. HFr | |
| 5. |
The correct term for the transfer of genetic material between bacteria in direct physical contact is |
| A. | conjugation |
| B. | transformation |
| C. | replication |
| D. | transduction |
| Answer» B. transformation | |
| 6. |
Plasmid that carries genes encoding enzymes, which degrade substances such as aromatic compounds, pesticides or sugar are |
| A. | F factors |
| B. | metabolic plasmid |
| C. | virulence plasmid |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» C. virulence plasmid | |
| 7. |
When composite transposons are formed |
| A. | a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element |
| B. | a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element and plasmid is integrated |
| C. | an IS element integrates with another IS element with the help of a plasmid |
| D. | two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance separating them |
| Answer» E. | |
| 8. |
Which of the following plamids do not possess information for self transfer to another cell? |
| A. | Cryptic plasmids |
| B. | Conjugative plasmids |
| C. | Non-conjugative plasmids |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 9. |
What is term used for a bacterial cell that is able to take up naked DNA? |
| A. | Complementary |
| B. | Liable |
| C. | Competent |
| D. | Infected |
| Answer» D. Infected | |
| 10. |
Diagnostic DNA probes have been developed for |
| A. | <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> |
| B. | Hepatitis B virus |
| C. | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 11. |
A microarray differs from a gene fusion in that, it |
| A. | carries DNA segments from many different genes |
| B. | is not constructed by cloning |
| C. | gives direct measurement of mRNA level |
| D. | all of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 12. |
Which of the following transport bacterial DNA to other bacteria via bacteriophages? |
| A. | Conjugation |
| B. | Transduction |
| C. | Transformation |
| D. | Translation |
| Answer» C. Transformation | |
| 13. |
Which of the following is the cause for drug resistance in tuberculosis? |
| A. | Mutation |
| B. | Transduction |
| C. | Transformation |
| D. | Conjugation |
| Answer» B. Transduction | |
| 14. |
The transposase gene encodes an enzyme that facilitate |
| A. | viral replication within a genome |
| B. | general recombination |
| C. | site-specific integration of transposable elements |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 15. |
The term used for plasmids possessing both RTF and r determinants is |
| A. | non self-transmissible plasmids |
| B. | non conjugative plasmids |
| C. | conjugative plasmids |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 16. |
Which of the following statement describes plasmids? |
| A. | Another name for a protoplast |
| B. | A complex membrane structure that covers the chromosome of bacteria |
| C. | Small, circular DNA molecules that can exist independently of chromosomes commonly found in bacteria |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» D. None of the above | |
| 17. |
Which of the following type of recombination does not require homologous sequences and is important for the integration of viral genomes into bacterial chromosomes? |
| A. | Mutagenic recombimation |
| B. | Site-specific recombination |
| C. | Replicative recombination |
| D. | General recombination |
| Answer» C. Replicative recombination | |
| 18. |
In lysogeny, |
| A. | a bacteriophage transfers bacterial DNA |
| B. | bacteria take up double stranded DNA from the environment |
| C. | DNA-degrading enzymes in the extracellular medium would stop the process |
| D. | a bacteriophage genome is integrated into the bacterial genome |
| Answer» E. | |
| 19. |
What information can be generated by interrupted mating experiments? |
| A. | Levels of DNA homology |
| B. | Bacterial genome maps |
| C. | DNA nucleotide sequences |
| D. | Proteomics of the bacteria |
| Answer» C. DNA nucleotide sequences | |
| 20. |
The transducing particles carry only specific portions of the bacterial genome in which of the following transduction? |
| A. | Specialized transduction |
| B. | General transduction |
| C. | Abortive transduction |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» B. General transduction | |
| 21. |
The main difference between a self-transmissible and a mobilizable plasmid is that the self-transmissible plasmid |
| A. | transfers both strands of the plasmid DNA |
| B. | carries genes encoding the mating apparatus |
| C. | transfers antibiotic resistance genes |
| D. | usually has a transposon inserted into it |
| Answer» C. transfers antibiotic resistance genes | |
| 22. |
R factors involved in plant-microbe interactions are |
| A. | plant proteins |
| B. | bacterial proteins |
| C. | essential for transfer of DNA to plant cells |
| D. | also called opines |
| Answer» B. bacterial proteins | |
| 23. |
Which of the following term describes the relationship between a virus and host where no new viral particles are produced and the viral genome is replicated along with host chromosome? |
| A. | Lysogeny |
| B. | Lysis |
| C. | Transformation |
| D. | Conjugation |
| Answer» B. Lysis | |
| 24. |
Inverted repeat sequences at each end and a gene encoding transposase is contained in which of the following transposable element? |
| A. | Composite transposon |
| B. | Insertion element |
| C. | Virus |
| D. | Plasmid |
| Answer» C. Virus | |
| 25. |
The plasmid which makes the host more pathogenic is |
| A. | F factors |
| B. | Metabolic plasmid |
| C. | Virulence plasmid |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 26. |
Which type of plasmid can exist with or without being integrated into the host's chromosome? |
| A. | Medisome |
| B. | Lisosome |
| C. | Lysogen |
| D. | Episome |
| Answer» E. | |
| 27. |
In the extracellular medium, DNA-degrading enzymes would likely be to prevent transfer of DNA by |
| A. | conjugal transfer by a self-transmissible plasmid |
| B. | generalized phage transduction |
| C. | natural transformation |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 28. |
What is the term used for a segment of DNA with one or more genes in the centre and the two ends carrying inverted repeat sequences of nucleotides? |
| A. | Plasmid |
| B. | Transposon |
| C. | Insertion sequence |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» C. Insertion sequence | |
| 29. |
The plasmids can be eliminated from a cell by the process known as |
| A. | curing |
| B. | breaking |
| C. | fixing |
| D. | expulsion |
| Answer» B. breaking | |
| 30. |
Recombination of virus genomes occurs |
| A. | by transduction |
| B. | by transription |
| C. | simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes |
| D. | by transformation |
| Answer» D. by transformation | |
| 31. |
The type of recombination that commonly occurs between a pair of homologous DNA sequences is, |
| A. | mutagenic recombination |
| B. | site-specific recombination |
| C. | replicative recombination |
| D. | general recombination |
| Answer» E. | |
| 32. |
The term used for acquisition of naked DNA from its environment and its incorporation in their genome by a bacterium is |
| A. | transformation |
| B. | lysogenic conversion |
| C. | conjugation |
| D. | transduction |
| Answer» B. lysogenic conversion | |
| 33. |
Which of the following is used by microbial genetisists as a tool? |
| A. | Bacteriophage |
| B. | Plasmids |
| C. | Transposable elements |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
F factor plasmids play a major role in |
| A. | conjugation |
| B. | replication |
| C. | transduction |
| D. | trasnscription |
| Answer» B. replication | |
| 35. |
Penicillin resistance in staphylococci is acquired due to |
| A. | conjugation |
| B. | mutation |
| C. | transformation |
| D. | transduction |
| Answer» E. | |
| 36. |
The plasmid-mediated properties is/are |
| A. | fermentation of lactose |
| B. | production of enterotoxin |
| C. | resistance to antibiotics |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 37. |
Which of the following type of recombination does not require homologous sequences and is utilized by mobile genetic elements that move about chromosomes? |
| A. | Mutagenic recombimation |
| B. | Site-specific recombination |
| C. | Replicative recombination |
| D. | General recombination |
| Answer» D. General recombination | |
| 38. |
Who discovered transposons (jumping genes)? |
| A. | Abelson |
| B. | Harvey |
| C. | McClintock |
| D. | Griffith |
| Answer» D. Griffith | |