MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 99 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your UGC-NET knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Green India Mission was part of the : |
| A. | Millennium Development Goals |
| B. | River Action Plan |
| C. | Swatch Bharat Abhiyan |
| D. | National Action Plan for climate change |
| Answer» E. | |
| 2. |
.................................. is a major source for fecal contamination in water. |
| A. | Domestic effluent |
| B. | Chemical effluent |
| C. | Steel plant effluent |
| D. | Pharma industries effluent |
| Answer» B. Chemical effluent | |
| 3. |
_______, launched in India in 2014, is an effective dissemination tool to inform people about air quality. |
| A. | Air Quality Management System |
| B. | National Air Quality Index |
| C. | National Ambient Air Quality Standard |
| D. | Air Pollution Management and Modeling |
| Answer» C. National Ambient Air Quality Standard | |
| 4. |
Consider the following statements regarding ozone:1. It is continuously being produced and destroyed2. It helps to sustain life on earth3. It is formed in the atmosphere through photochemical reactionWhich of the above statements are correct? |
| A. | 1 and 2 only |
| B. | 1 and 3 only |
| C. | 2 and 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 3 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
In comparison to pure water, Boiling point of impure water |
| A. | is same |
| B. | increases |
| C. | decreases |
| D. | first decreases then Increases |
| Answer» C. decreases | |
| 6. |
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):Assertion (A): Energy production from biomass has traditionally been considered carbon neutral.Reason (R): Carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of biomass are sequestered by growing biomassIn the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: |
| A. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| B. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| C. | (A) is true but (R) is false |
| D. | (A) is false but (R) is true |
| Answer» B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) | |
| 7. |
Amongst the following, which is better suited for the dumping of nuclear waste? |
| A. | Salt mines |
| B. | Deserts |
| C. | Forests |
| D. | Oceans |
| Answer» B. Deserts | |
| 8. |
In a polluted urban area, which one of the following has the highest concentration (ppv) in photochemical smog ? |
| A. | Ozone |
| B. | PAN |
| C. | Hydrocarbon (without methane) |
| D. | Carbon monoxide |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
Ozone depletion potential (ODP) is the measure of ozone depletion capability of a refrigerant compared to that of |
| A. | R11 |
| B. | R718 |
| C. | R717 |
| D. | R22 |
| Answer» B. R718 | |
| 10. |
In 'global warming' the temperature of: |
| A. | Troposphere increase |
| B. | Ionosphere increase |
| C. | Mesosphere increase |
| D. | Stratosphere increase |
| Answer» B. Ionosphere increase | |
| 11. |
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:Assertion A: Global warming potential of a molecule of a greenhouse gas over different time spans of decades to 100 years may vary significantly.Reason R: Some greenhouse gases have shorter life times compared to carbon dioxide.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| A. | Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A |
| B. | Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A |
| C. | A is correct but R is not correct |
| D. | A is not correct but R is correct |
| Answer» B. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A | |
| 12. |
Consider the following statements regarding depletion of the ozone layer:1. Excessive release of chlorine and bromine in the environment from man-made compounds, such as chlorofluorocarbons.2. Occurrence of certain natural phenomena such as sunspots, and stratospheric winds.3. Degradation of materials by ultra-violet radiation4. Major volcanic eruptions.Which of the above can be categorized as causing ozone depletion? |
| A. | 1, 2 and 3 only |
| B. | 1, 3 and 4 only |
| C. | 1, 2 and 4 only |
| D. | 2, 3 and 4 only |
| Answer» D. 2, 3 and 4 only | |
| 13. |
Exposure to noise pollution can cause A) Weakening of immune systemB) SleeplessnessC) Speech interferenceD) Increase in blood pressureE) Shift in threshold of hearingF) Respiratory problemsChoose the correct option from those given below: |
| A. | A, B, C, E and F |
| B. | B, C, D and E |
| C. | B, C, D, E and F |
| D. | A, B, C, D, E and F |
| Answer» C. B, C, D, E and F | |
| 14. |
Consider the following statements regarding SMOG:1. SMOG was coined during the 1950's to describe a mixture of smoke and fog experienced in London2. The principal pollutants in London SMOG are particulates and sulphur compounds 3. The London SMOG occurs generally early in the morning on cold wet winter days Which of the above statements are correct? |
| A. | 1, 2 and 3 |
| B. | 1 and 2 only |
| C. | 1 and 3 only |
| D. | 2 and 3 only |
| Answer» B. 1 and 2 only | |
| 15. |
Hardness of water is due to the presence of |
| A. | Sodium and chloride ions |
| B. | Calcium and Magnesium ions |
| C. | Strontium and Potassium ions |
| D. | Potassium and Nitrate ions |
| Answer» C. Strontium and Potassium ions | |
| 16. |
Match the following :Column I(Waste Disposal Method) Column II(Meaning)a. Sanitary landfills I. Burning of wasteb. Incineration II. Deposit the refuse and compost it with bulldozersc. Pulverizing Ill. Combustion in absence of oxygend. Pyrolysis IV. Spreading the waste on fields |
| A. | a - II, b - I, c - III, d - IV |
| B. | a - II, b - I, c - IV, d- III |
| C. | a - I, b - II, c - III, d - IV |
| D. | a - IV, b - III, c - II, d - I |
| Answer» C. a - I, b - II, c - III, d - IV | |
| 17. |
Consider the following statements regarding noise pollution:A) Noise levels decrease as we move away from the source of noiseB) Materials with high surface/mass density act as good noise barriersC) Sound pressure of 2 Pa corresponds to a noise of zero decibelChoose the correct option from those given below: |
| A. | and B) only |
| B. | and C) only |
| C. | and C) only |
| D. | A), B) and C) |
| Answer» B. and C) only | |
| 18. |
Oligotrophic lakes are characterized by: |
| A. | High level of nutrients: |
| B. | Low level of nutrients |
| C. | Absence of nutrients |
| D. | High level of organic matter |
| Answer» C. Absence of nutrients | |
| 19. |
Identify the correct sequence of countries in decreasing order of their contribution to global carbon dioxide emissionsA. USAB. ChinaC. RussiaD. IndiaE. JapanChoose the correct answer from the option given below |
| A. | A, B, D, C, E |
| B. | B, A, D, C, E |
| C. | B, A, D, E, C |
| D. | A, B, D, E, C |
| Answer» C. B, A, D, E, C | |
| 20. |
Methane, a greenhouse gas, is emitted fromi) landfillsii) construction debrisiii) wetlandsiv) e-wasteChoose the correct statements from the options given below: |
| A. | i, ii and iv |
| B. | i, iii and iv |
| C. | i and iii only |
| D. | i and iv only |
| Answer» D. i and iv only | |
| 21. |
Given below are two statements:Statement I: Two sounds of the same intensity but different frequency characteristics may appear to be of different loudness.Statement II: The response of the human ear to noise of different frequencies is not uniform.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| A. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
| B. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
| C. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
| D. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
| Answer» B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect | |
| 22. |
Man-made noise is caused by |
| A. | solar eruptions |
| B. | distant stars |
| C. | arc discharge in electrical machine |
| D. | lightening discharges |
| Answer» D. lightening discharges | |
| 23. |
Consider the following statements regarding activated sludge process:1. Industries prefer activated sludge process as it requires less space, does not produce obnoxious odours and requires less time for waste water treatment compared to trickling filter.2. It requires skilled supervision3. Biological treatment is enhanced because shock loadings are eliminated.Which of the above statements are correct? |
| A. | 1 and 2 only |
| B. | 1 and 3 only |
| C. | 2 and 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 3 |
| Answer» B. 1 and 3 only | |
| 24. |
BOD of a waste water sample is estimated to be 180 mg/l. Assuming 4 mg/l BOD can be consumed in the BOD bottle, the volume of undiluted sample to be added to a 300 ml bottle is nearly |
| A. | 6.7 ml |
| B. | 5.6 ml |
| C. | 4.4 ml |
| D. | 3.3 ml |
| Answer» B. 5.6 ml | |
| 25. |
In the two sets given below, set-I specifies level in a water sample, while set – II provides observations. Match the two sets and indicate your answer from the code given below. Set – I (H2S level in water sample) Set – II(Observation)(a) No H2S is produced(i) Dark black – high water pollution(b) H2S is produced and is small in quantity(ii) No colour – clean water(c) H2S is produced and is medium in quantity(iii) Light black – low water pollution(d) H2S is produced and is high in quantity(iv) Black – moderate water pollution |
| A. | (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv) |
| B. | (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii) |
| C. | (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii) |
| D. | (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i) |
| Answer» E. | |
| 26. |
An increase in the number or size of the dust particles in air leads to warming because |
| A. | It scatters moisture in air |
| B. | It scatters all kinds of light |
| C. | It increases moisture in air |
| D. | It absorbs moisture in air |
| Answer» E. | |
| 27. |
Land pollution in which land is unsuitable for farming due to high salt content is known as: |
| A. | Desertification |
| B. | Salinization |
| C. | Carbonization |
| D. | Oxygenation |
| Answer» C. Carbonization | |
| 28. |
Ozone depletion in the stratosphere causes: |
| A. | Increase in greenhouse effect |
| B. | cooling of the earth atmosphere system |
| C. | increase of infrared radiation in the troposphere |
| D. | increase of ultraviolet radiation in the troposphere |
| Answer» E. | |
| 29. |
ELNINO Phenomenon is associated with : |
| A. | Cloud Bursting |
| B. | Earthquake |
| C. | Global Warming |
| D. | Acid Rain |
| Answer» D. Acid Rain | |
| 30. |
Amount of organic pollutants found in surface water is measured by: |
| A. | COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) |
| B. | Energy efficient batteries |
| C. | 3-D printed structure |
| D. | Gas sensitive semiconductor technology |
| Answer» B. Energy efficient batteries | |
| 31. |
In the fourth week of June 2015, where was the agreement on waste management between two entrepreneurs and several civic bodies? |
| A. | Gujarat |
| B. | Maharashtra |
| C. | Kerala |
| D. | Assam |
| Answer» E. | |
| 32. |
Burning of fossil fuels causes |
| A. | Depletion of ozone layer |
| B. | Global warming |
| C. | Melting of polar ice caps |
| D. | Both 2 and 3 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 33. |
In the context of which one of the following are the terms 'pyrolysis and plasma gasification' mentioned? |
| A. | Extraction of rare earth elements |
| B. | Natural gas extraction technologies |
| C. | Hydrogen fuel-based automobiles |
| D. | Waste-to-energy technologies |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
Increased biological oxygen demand is an indication of1. Low microbial contamination.2. Absence of microbial pollution.3. High level of microbial contamination.Which of the above statements is/are correct? |
| A. | 1 only |
| B. | 2 only |
| C. | 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 3 |
| Answer» D. 1, 2 and 3 | |
| 35. |
Noise pollution is considered to be caused by sounds louder than |
| A. | 100 dB |
| B. | 50 dB |
| C. | 120 dB |
| D. | 150 dB |
| Answer» D. 150 dB | |
| 36. |
One of the parameters used to characterise the air quality at a location is PM25. Here, the suffix ‘2.5’ refers to |
| A. | average number of suspected particles in 1.0 cm3 of air |
| B. | size of suspended particles in certain units |
| C. | concentration of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen |
| D. | concentration of suspended particles in 2.5 m3 of air |
| Answer» C. concentration of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen | |
| 37. |
Identify the correct sequence of countries in decreasing order of their contributions to per capita emissions of carbon dioxide emissions at presentA. IndiaB. ChinaC. USAD. JapanChoose the correct answer from the options given below |
| A. | C, D, B, A |
| B. | B, C, A, D |
| C. | D, B, C, A |
| D. | C, B, D, A |
| Answer» B. B, C, A, D | |
| 38. |
One of the main causes of air pollution in cities is emission from vehicles like cars and trucks. Cars emit various pollutants which are bad for human health when inhaled, like1) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)2) Carbon monoxide (CO)3) Carbon dioxide (CO2)4) BenzeneWhich of the above pollutants are not tolerated by human beings even at very low levels? |
| A. | 1 and 4 only |
| B. | 1 and 2 only |
| C. | 1, 2 and 3 only |
| D. | 1, 2 and 4 only |
| Answer» E. | |
| 39. |
Given below are some metals which are released into the environment from a variety of anthropogenic sources. Identify the metals which have been of serious concern from the point of view of pollution of water bodiesa) Aluminiumb) Copperc) Mercuryd) Cadmiume) LeadChoose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| A. | b, c, e only |
| B. | a, b, c, e only |
| C. | c, d, e only |
| D. | a, b, e only |
| Answer» D. a, b, e only | |
| 40. |
Identify the correct sequence (decreasing order) of lifetimes of the following greenhouse gases in the atmosphere:a) Methaneb) Nitrous oxidec) Surface ozoned) CFC - 11Choose the correct answer from the options given below: |
| A. | d > b > a > c |
| B. | b > d > a > c |
| C. | b > d > c > a |
| D. | d > b > c > a |
| Answer» C. b > d > c > a | |
| 41. |
According to Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, the night time Noise standard prescribed for Educational Institutions is |
| A. | 55 dB (A) |
| B. | 50 dB (A) |
| C. | 45 dB (A) |
| D. | 40 dB (A) |
| Answer» E. | |
| 42. |
India's first e-waste clinic was inaugurated in ______. |
| A. | West Bengal |
| B. | Andhra Pradesh |
| C. | Tamil Nadu |
| D. | Madhya Pradesh |
| Answer» E. | |
| 43. |
Consider the following tertiary treatment methods for treatment of waste water:1. Ion-exchange method2. Reverse osmosis3. Chemical oxidation method4. Activated sludge processWhich of the above methods are correct ? |
| A. | 1, 2 and 4 |
| B. | 1, 3 and 4 |
| C. | 2, 3 and 4 |
| D. | 1, 2 and 3 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 44. |
Air borne pollutants that cause Asthma and Bronchitis :a) Pollen grainsb) Mercuryc) Bacteriad) Lead |
| A. | and b) |
| B. | and c) |
| C. | and c) |
| D. | and d) |
| Answer» D. and d) | |
| 45. |
Among the following elements which is typically the most abundant in dried sewage sludge? |
| A. | Total nitrogen |
| B. | Total sulphur |
| C. | Calcium |
| D. | Total phosphorous |
| Answer» D. Total phosphorous | |
| 46. |
Concentration of toxic chemicals through food-chain result into : |
| A. | Accumulation |
| B. | Excretion |
| C. | Biomagnification |
| D. | Elimination |
| Answer» D. Elimination | |
| 47. |
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason RAssertion A: Lakes are considered to be more susceptible to pollution than riversReason R: Water in lakes may take decade(s) to be replacedIn light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| A. | Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A |
| B. | Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A |
| C. | A is correct but R is not correct |
| D. | A is not correct but R is correct |
| Answer» B. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A | |
| 48. |
Match List I with List II which contain water pollutants and their sources respectively List IList IIWater pollutantsSourcesA. Oxygen demanding wastesI. Mine drainageB. Plant nutrientsII. Modern washing powders and agriculture run-offC. AcidsIII. Waste incineration and toxic dumpsD. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)IV. Paper mills and food processing unitsChoose the correct answer from the options given below: |
| A. | A - IV, B - III, C - II, D - I |
| B. | A - IV, B - I, C - III, D - II |
| C. | A - IV, B - II, C - I, D - III |
| D. | A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - II |
| Answer» D. A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - II | |
| 49. |
Ozone hole was detected in which of the following years ? |
| A. | 1958 |
| B. | 1972 |
| C. | 1985 |
| D. | 1995 |
| Answer» D. 1995 | |
| 50. |
Convention on Ozone Depleting Substances is also known as : |
| A. | Basel Convention |
| B. | Montreal Protocol |
| C. | Ramsar Convention |
| D. | Conference of Parties |
| Answer» C. Ramsar Convention | |