MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 190 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Uncategorized topics knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Acidification of the duodenum will: |
| A. | Decrease pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate. |
| B. | Increase secretion of gastric acid. |
| C. | Decrease gastric emptying. |
| D. | Increase contraction of the gall bladder. |
| Answer» D. Increase contraction of the gall bladder. | |
| 2. |
Salivation can become a conditioned reflex .This suggests that: |
| A. | Pleasant taste sensation are not related to the reflex . |
| B. | Only salivatory nuclei in the brainstem need to be excited by taste sensation without participation of suprasegmental influences. |
| C. | The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation. |
| D. | salivation could be completely interrupted in a decorticate animal whose tongue is mechanically stimulated. |
| Answer» D. salivation could be completely interrupted in a decorticate animal whose tongue is mechanically stimulated. | |
| 3. |
The Secretin hormone: |
| A. | Is secreted by the pancrease. |
| B. | Is released by the pyloric mucosa. |
| C. | Contracts the gall bladder wall. |
| D. | Increases the pancreatic Secretion of water and HCO3-. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 4. |
About the GIT hormones affecting gastric function: |
| A. | CCK and Secretin Increase both gastric Secretion and motility. |
| B. | gastrin Secretion is Stimulated by the digestive products of fat. |
| C. | gastrin inhibits gastric Secretion and delay gastric emptying. |
| D. | GIP and VIP inhibit gastric Secretion. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 5. |
I nhibition of the myenteric plexus leads to which of the following? |
| A. | Increased Secretion of Secretin from the duodenum. |
| B. | Decreased gut motility. |
| C. | Hyperacidity in the stomach. |
| D. | Diarrhea. |
| Answer» C. Hyperacidity in the stomach. | |
| 6. |
the Secretion of gastrin cease(stop): |
| A. | When the stomach is distended by meal. |
| B. | When the PH of the gastric content is Decreased below 2. |
| C. | If the fundic mucosa is anaesthesiz |
| Answer» C. If the fundic mucosa is anaesthesiz | |
| 7. |
Stimulation of sub mucosal plexus result in an Increase in which of the following? |
| A. | motility of the gut. |
| B. | Secretion of the gut. |
| C. | sphincter tone. |
| D. | stomach PH. |
| Answer» C. sphincter tone. | |
| 8. |
Amajor part of the gall bladder contractions are due to: |
| A. | sympathetic contraction OF the viscus. |
| B. | The overfilling of the gall bladder with bile. |
| C. | The rate of cholesterol synthesis and excretion by the liver. |
| D. | A hormone synthesized by duodenal mucosa . |
| Answer» E. | |
| 9. |
Cholecystokinin: |
| A. | Release is Stimulated by protein hydrolysates in the lumen of the small intestine. |
| B. | Is released from gastric mucosal cells. |
| C. | Release is Stimulated by distension of the colon. |
| D. | A and C are correct. |
| Answer» B. Is released from gastric mucosal cells. | |
| 10. |
The major factor that Stimulates the release of Secretin into the blood stream is: |
| A. | An acid PH of the chyme entering the duodenum. |
| B. | The para sympathetic StimulI. |
| C. | Peptones in the gastric chyme that enter the duodenum. |
| D. | A stomach full of digested contents. |
| Answer» B. The para sympathetic StimulI. | |
| 11. |
It is known that gastrin: |
| A. | It is a large protein molecule ,somewhat similar in size to pepsin. |
| B. | Is not secreted by empty stomach when peristaltic movements may be quite forceful. |
| C. | Reaches the secretory cells of the fundus of the stomach through the blood and not through the lumen. |
| D. | Promotes the secretion of pepsin, but not that of HCL. |
| Answer» D. Promotes the secretion of pepsin, but not that of HCL. | |
| 12. |
Secretin IS released by: |
| A. | Acid in the duodenum. |
| B. | Acid in the urine. |
| C. | S cells in the duodenal mucosa. |
| D. | Distension of the colon. |
| Answer» D. Distension of the colon. | |
| 13. |
It is known that secretin: |
| A. | It is a large protein hormone synthesized by the pancreas,together with pancreozymin. |
| B. | Is a small polypeptide synthesized by the intestinal mucosa . |
| C. | Neutralizes directly the acid chyme that passes through the pylorus. |
| D. | Has an optimal activity at a PH equal to 8.4. |
| Answer» C. Neutralizes directly the acid chyme that passes through the pylorus. | |
| 14. |
The secretion of the intrinsic factor occurs in : |
| A. | Parietal cells of the stomach. |
| B. | Chief cells of the stomach. |
| C. | Upper duodenum. |
| D. | Beta cells of pancreas. |
| Answer» B. Chief cells of the stomach. | |
| 15. |
About pepsins: |
| A. | There are 5 types of exopeptidase enzymes. |
| B. | They are secreted by endocytosis as active enzymes. |
| C. | They are incapable of autoactivation |
| D. | Their optimum pH of action is 1.6- 3.2. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 16. |
Which of the following statement is true?: |
| A. | The intrinsic factors is secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. |
| B. | The gastric juice can t digest the gastric mucosa because the cell membranes contain a pepsin activator. |
| C. | The stomach normally absorbs about 30% of the ingested food. |
| D. | The secretion of the gastric juice is associated with increased H in the blood. |
| Answer» B. The gastric juice can t digest the gastric mucosa because the cell membranes contain a pepsin activator. | |
| 17. |
The enterogastric reflex can be elicted by which of the following?: |
| A. | Distension of the duodenum |
| B. | Acid chime in the duodenum. |
| C. | Hyperosmotic chime in the duodenum. |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 18. |
Which of the following statement is wrong?: |
| A. | The gastric peristalsis includes propulsive,mixing and grinding movements |
| B. | The cephalic phase of gastric secretion involves no release of gastrin. |
| C. | Deficiency of the intrinsic factor causes pernicious anaemia. |
| D. | Large doses of gastrin cause contraction of the pyloric sphincter. |
| Answer» C. Deficiency of the intrinsic factor causes pernicious anaemia. | |
| 19. |
Concerning the gastrin hormone: |
| A. | It is Secreted at the pyloric antrum and reaches the fundus tohrough the gastric lumen. |
| B. | It Promotes the secretion of pepsin, but not HCL. |
| C. | Its Secretion Stimulated by secretin and GIP. |
| D. | It is structurally similar to CCK . |
| Answer» E. | |
| 20. |
Which of the following statements is correct?: |
| A. | The gastric juice contains pepsins,gelatinase,lipase and -amylase enzymes. |
| B. | The only essential constituent of the gastric juice is the intrinsic factor. |
| C. | The hunger contractions disappear after bilateral vagotomy or damage of the feeding center in the hypothalamus. |
| D. | HCL is essential for both carbohydrate and fat digestion. |
| Answer» D. HCL is essential for both carbohydrate and fat digestion. | |
| 21. |
About the GIP,all the following are true except: |
| A. | It is secreted from the duodenal mucosa. |
| B. | It has +ve feedback effect on gastric Secretion and motility. |
| C. | Its release is Stimulated by presence of excess fat. |
| D. | It inhibit both gastric Secretion and motility. |
| Answer» D. It inhibit both gastric Secretion and motility. | |
| 22. |
The following are choleretics except: |
| A. | Bile salts. |
| B. | Secretin. |
| C. | Acetylcholine. |
| D. | Bile pigments |
| Answer» E. | |
| 23. |
The GIT hormone are characterized by all the following except: |
| A. | They are secreted by APUD system and are divided into 2 families on The basis of their structural similarity. |
| B. | They are secreted in response to specific physiological Stimuli during digestion. |
| C. | Their effects are abolished by cutting the nervous connections of GIT. |
| D. | They affect areas in GIT that may be far away from the sites of their release. |
| Answer» D. They affect areas in GIT that may be far away from the sites of their release. | |
| 24. |
Which of the followings has the highest pH: |
| A. | gastric juice. |
| B. | pancreatic juice. |
| C. | hepatic bile. |
| D. | succus entericus. |
| Answer» D. succus entericus. | |
| 25. |
About the GRP,all the followings are true except: |
| A. | It inhibit the intestinal motility.(through librating gastrin). |
| B. | It increase the gastric secretion . .(through librating gastrin). |
| C. | It increase the pancreatic secretion . .(through librating gastrin). |
| D. | It is found in the hypothalamus.(in addition to GIT) |
| Answer» B. It increase the gastric secretion . .(through librating gastrin). | |
| 26. |
Apatient with trigeminal lesion would have the greatest difficulty with which of the following? |
| A. | Swallowing. |
| B. | Chewing. |
| C. | Receptive relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter |
| D. | Secondary prestalsis in the esophagus. |
| Answer» C. Receptive relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter | |
| 27. |
Mastication: |
| A. | Is entirely a voluntary act. |
| B. | Includes both voluntary and reflex components. |
| C. | Is performed by muscles supplied by 7th (facial nerve). |
| D. | It is normally initiated by conditioned reflexes. |
| Answer» C. Is performed by muscles supplied by 7th (facial nerve). | |
| 28. |
all the followings are correct about gastrin except: |
| A. | It is stimulated by distension of antrum. |
| B. | It is stimulated by insulin induced hypoglycemia. |
| C. | Its secretion is increased by secretin. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» D. none | |
| 29. |
Man is unable to digest dietary: |
| A. | GLYCOGEN. |
| B. | Dextrin. |
| C. | Saccharose. |
| D. | Cellulose. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 30. |
The salivary amylase: |
| A. | Is also called ptyalin and it is beta amylase. |
| B. | Is the only amylase in GIT. |
| C. | Digest mainly cooked starch. |
| D. | Is activated by either HCL or ca++ |
| Answer» D. Is activated by either HCL or ca++ | |
| 31. |
During the chewing of a bolus of food, but before Swallowing, salivary secretion ,gastric secretion and pancreatic secretion are stimulated by which the following? |
| A. | Acetylecholine,gastrin,histamine. |
| B. | Acetylecholine,CCK,nitric oxide. |
| C. | Nitric oxide,VIP, histamine. |
| D. | VIP, gastrin,Somatostatin. |
| Answer» B. Acetylecholine,CCK,nitric oxide. | |
| 32. |
Thesalivary secretion: |
| A. | Is rich in glucose. |
| B. | Is Produced by a nervous mechanism Only. |
| C. | digests starch to glucose. |
| D. | Has the largest volume relative to other digestive juices. |
| Answer» C. digests starch to glucose. | |
| 33. |
The presentation of a bolus of solid food to the mouth: |
| A. | stimulates taste buds. |
| B. | Is usually followed by Mastication. |
| C. | Reflexively stimulates The salivary glands. |
| D. | All are correct. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 34. |
About salivary glands, which of the following statement is true? |
| A. | T heir secretion is mainly under hormonal control. |
| B. | The sym . system is the Only natural pathway for stimulatation of their secretion. |
| C. | Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves stimulate t heir secretion. |
| D. | Bradykinin decrease their blood flow rate. |
| Answer» D. Bradykinin decrease their blood flow rate. | |
| 35. |
The saliva (true or false)? |
| A. | Contains no organic substances. |
| B. | Is markedly increase in amount after sympathetic stimulatation. |
| C. | secretion is increased after injection of atropine. |
| D. | secreted by submandibular glands is about 70%of the total secretion . |
| Answer» E. | |
| 36. |
The following are true about defecation except: |
| A. | It is initiated by distention of rectum with feces. |
| B. | It is facilitated by micturition reflex. |
| C. | It is under voluntary control in infant. |
| D. | It is inhibited by pain. |
| Answer» D. It is inhibited by pain. | |
| 37. |
Fecal continence requires: |
| A. | Intact innervations of anorectal region |
| B. | Sensation of rectum and anal mucosa. |
| C. | Tone of the internal and external anal sphincter |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 38. |
Choose a single incorrect answer about absorption from small intestine: |
| A. | Gastric HCL help iron absorption |
| B. | K+ions are absorped passively. |
| C. | HCO3- ions are absorbed passively. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» D. none | |
| 39. |
The following statement about calcium absorption from small intestine are true except: |
| A. | It occurs by active transport. |
| B. | It requires vit. D and parathormone. |
| C. | It occours by passive diffusion from upper small intestine. |
| D. | It is decreased by excess phosphate and oxalate in food. |
| Answer» D. It is decreased by excess phosphate and oxalate in food. | |
| 40. |
The absorptive surface area of small intestineis over: |
| A. | 2.8m |
| B. | 250m2 |
| C. | 7m |
| D. | 50m2 |
| Answer» C. 7m | |
| 41. |
Intestinal motility help absorption from small intestine by all the following except: |
| A. | Increase blood and O2 supply. |
| B. | Increase lymph flow. |
| C. | Increase osmotic pressure. |
| D. | Increase contact of food with mucosa. |
| Answer» D. Increase contact of food with mucosa. | |
| 42. |
Absorption of fat soluble vitamins require the following: |
| A. | Bile. |
| B. | Bile and chymotrypsine. |
| C. | Bile and pancreatic amylase. |
| D. | None of the above. |
| Answer» B. Bile and chymotrypsine. | |
| 43. |
The following are true statement about fat absorption from small intestine except: |
| A. | It is helped by bile salts. |
| B. | Glycerol and short chain FAs are absorped passively. |
| C. | Deficiency of fat absorption leads to poor absorption of VIT.B complex. |
| D. | Chylomicrons are extruded into Lacteal laterals by exocytosis. |
| Answer» D. Chylomicrons are extruded into Lacteal laterals by exocytosis. | |
| 44. |
The transport of glucose across intestinal mucosa is directly dependent Upon the following except: |
| A. | Na concentration in intestinal lumen. |
| B. | Plasma insulin. |
| C. | Inhibitors of energy metabolism. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. Inhibitors of energy metabolism. | |
| 45. |
The major site of absorption of VIT B12 is: |
| A. | Duodenum. |
| B. | Jujenum. |
| C. | Colon. |
| D. | Ileum. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 46. |
The following are true statement about iron absorption from small intestine except: |
| A. | It is actively absorped from duodenum and jejunum. |
| B. | Its absorption is decreased by tannin. |
| C. | Its absorption is helped by vitamin C. |
| D. | It is transported from the brush borderas Fe+3 or heme. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 47. |
The following are true statement about absorption from small intestine except: |
| A. | Hexose are absorped faster than pentose. |
| B. | D amino acids are absorped better than L amino acids. |
| C. | Glucose is absorped faster than fructose. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. Glucose is absorped faster than fructose. | |
| 48. |
The amount of water excreted in stool is about: |
| A. | 100mld |
| B. | 0.5Ld |
| C. | 0.4Ld |
| D. | none |
| Answer» B. 0.5Ld | |
| 49. |
Whole proteins may be absorped from small intestine by : |
| A. | Pinocytsis. |
| B. | Na+dependant 2ry active transport. |
| C. | Facilitated diffusion. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» B. Na+dependant 2ry active transport. | |
| 50. |
Absorption of Cl- ions from small intestine occur by the following ways except: |
| A. | 2ry active transport. |
| B. | 1 ry active transport. |
| C. | Passive diffusionparacellularly. |
| D. | none |
| Answer» C. Passive diffusionparacellularly. | |