MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 53 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Microbiology knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Chemically the capsule may be |
| A. | polypeptide |
| B. | polysaccharide |
| C. | either (a) or (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 2. |
Peptidoglycan is found only in the bacterial |
| A. | cell membrane |
| B. | glycocalyx |
| C. | cell wall |
| D. | spore |
| Answer» D. spore | |
| 3. |
The cell walls of Gram positive bacteria contain two modified sugar, viz. N- acetylgucosamine (NAG) and N- acetylmuramic acid (NAM). They are covalently linked by |
| A. | - 1,4-glycosidic bond |
| B. | -1,6-glycosidic bond |
| C. | - 1,6-glycosidic bond |
| D. | - 1,4-glycosidic bond |
| Answer» E. | |
| 4. |
Which of the following organism has sterols in their cytoplasmic membrane? |
| A. | <i>Clostridum</i> |
| B. | <i>Proteus</i> |
| C. | <i>Mycoplasma</i> |
| D. | <i>Bacillius</i> |
| Answer» D. <i>Bacillius</i> | |
| 5. |
Porins are located in |
| A. | the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria |
| B. | the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria |
| C. | the cytoplasmic membrane of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria |
| D. | the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria | |
| 6. |
Which of the following is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium? |
| A. | O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) |
| B. | Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) |
| C. | Braun lipoprotein |
| D. | Electron transport system components |
| Answer» B. Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) | |
| 7. |
Which of the following does not contain protein? |
| A. | Pili |
| B. | Flagellum |
| C. | Lipoteichoic acid |
| D. | Porin |
| Answer» D. Porin | |
| 8. |
Swimming towards a chemical of bacteria is termed as |
| A. | positive chemotaxis |
| B. | negative chemotaxis |
| C. | phototaxis |
| D. | magnetotaxis |
| Answer» B. negative chemotaxis | |
| 9. |
Microcapsules are composed of |
| A. | proteins |
| B. | polysaccharides |
| C. | lipids |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 10. |
Gram positive cells have a |
| A. | second outer membrane that helps to retain the crystal violet stain |
| B. | multiple layer of peptidoglycan that helps to retain the crystal violet stain |
| C. | thick capsule that traps the crystal violet stain |
| D. | periplasmic space that traps the crystal violet |
| Answer» C. thick capsule that traps the crystal violet stain | |
| 11. |
Teichoic acids are typically found in |
| A. | cell walls of gram positive bacteria |
| B. | outer membranes of gram positive bacteria |
| C. | cell walls of gram negative bacteria |
| D. | outer membranes of gram negative bacteria |
| Answer» B. outer membranes of gram positive bacteria | |
| 12. |
The bacteria deficient in cell wall is |
| A. | <i>Treponema</i> |
| B. | <i> Mycoplasma</i> |
| C. | <i>Staphylococcus</i> |
| D. | <i>Klebsiella</i> |
| Answer» C. <i>Staphylococcus</i> | |
| 13. |
The common word for bacteria which are straight rod in shape is |
| A. | cooci |
| B. | bacilli |
| C. | spirilla |
| D. | pleomorphic |
| Answer» C. spirilla | |
| 14. |
A single polar flagella is known as |
| A. | monotrichous |
| B. | lophotrichous |
| C. | amphitrichous |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. lophotrichous | |
| 15. |
The cocci which forms a bunch and irregular pattern are |
| A. | <i>Staphylococci</i> |
| B. | <i>diplococci</i> |
| C. | <i>Tetracocci</i> |
| D. | <i>Streptococci</i> |
| Answer» B. <i>diplococci</i> | |
| 16. |
Chemotaxis is a phenomenon of |
| A. | swimming away of bacteria |
| B. | swimming towards a bacteria |
| C. | swimming away or towards of bacteria in presence of chemical compound |
| D. | none of the above |
| Answer» D. none of the above | |
| 17. |
Cytoplasmic inclusions include |
| A. | ribosomes |
| B. | mesosomes |
| C. | fat globules |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 18. |
Peptidoglycan is also known as |
| A. | N-acetyl muramic acid |
| B. | murein mucopeptide |
| C. | N acetylglucosamine |
| D. | mesodiaminopimetic acid |
| Answer» C. N acetylglucosamine | |
| 19. |
Which of the following may contain fimbriae? |
| A. | Gram-positive bacteria |
| B. | Gram-negative bacteria |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» C. Both (a) and (b) | |
| 20. |
Peptidoglycan accounts for __________ of the dry weight of cell wall in many gram positive bacteria |
| A. | 50% or more |
| B. | About 10% |
| C. | 11%+ 0.22% |
| D. | About 20% |
| Answer» B. About 10% | |
| 21. |
Bacteria having no flagella are unable to |
| A. | move |
| B. | reproduce |
| C. | stick to tissue surfaces |
| D. | grow in nutrient agar |
| Answer» B. reproduce | |
| 22. |
Which of the following is true about cell wall of gram-positive bacteria? |
| A. | It consists of multiple layers |
| B. | It is thicker than that associated with gram-negative bacteria |
| C. | It contains teichoic acids |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 23. |
The cell walls of many gram positive bacteria can be easily destroyed by the enzyme known as |
| A. | lipase |
| B. | lysozyme |
| C. | pectinase |
| D. | peroxidase |
| Answer» C. pectinase | |
| 24. |
The structure responsible for motility of bacteria is |
| A. | pilli |
| B. | flagella |
| C. | sheath |
| D. | capsules |
| Answer» C. sheath | |
| 25. |
The next to last step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis is |
| A. | synthesis of the NAM-peptide subunit |
| B. | removal of the subunit from bactoprenol |
| C. | linking the sugar of the disaccharide-peptide unit to the growing peptidoglycan chain |
| D. | cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan |
| Answer» D. cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan | |
| 26. |
Genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in |
| A. | nucleoid |
| B. | chromatin |
| C. | nuclear material |
| D. | all of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 27. |
The last step in synthesis of peptidoglycan is |
| A. | attachment of a peptide to muramic acid |
| B. | attaching two amino acids to form a cross-link |
| C. | attachment of a portion of peptidoglycan to a membrane lipid |
| D. | binding of penicillin to a membrane protein |
| Answer» C. attachment of a portion of peptidoglycan to a membrane lipid | |
| 28. |
Which of the following is not true about peptidoglycan? |
| A. | It is a polymer consisting of N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl muramic acid and amino acids (alanine, lysine, etc.) |
| B. | It is present in prokaryotic cell wall |
| C. | It occurs in the form of a bag shaped macro molecule surrounding the cytoplasm membrane |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 29. |
Which of the following has peptidoglycan as a major constituent of cell wall? |
| A. | Gram-negative bacteria |
| B. | Gram-positive bacteria |
| C. | Fungi |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» C. Fungi | |
| 30. |
The common word for bacteria which are helically curved rods is |
| A. | cooci |
| B. | pleomorphic |
| C. | bacillus |
| D. | spirilla |
| Answer» E. | |
| 31. |
Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as |
| A. | monotrichous |
| B. | petritrichous |
| C. | amphitrichous |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 32. |
Which of the following bacterial genera (that produces endospore) have medical importance? |
| A. | <i>Clostridium</i> |
| B. | <i>Bacillus</i> |
| C. | Both (a) and (b) |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» D. None of these | |
| 33. |
The cocci which forms a chain is |
| A. | <i>Streptococci</i> |
| B. | <i>diplococci</i> |
| C. | <i>Staphylococci</i> |
| D. | <i>Tetracocci</i> |
| Answer» B. <i>diplococci</i> | |
| 34. |
The arrangement, in which flagella are distributed all round the bacterial cell, is known as |
| A. | lophotrichous |
| B. | amphitrichous |
| C. | peritrichous |
| D. | monotrichous |
| Answer» D. monotrichous | |
| 35. |
Periplasm is |
| A. | the area between the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria |
| B. | the area between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-positive bacteria |
| C. | the interior portion of mitochondria |
| D. | the area outside the cell membrane that is influenced by the polymers |
| Answer» B. the area between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-positive bacteria | |
| 36. |
In which of the following, lipo-polysaccharide is a major constituent of outer membrane of the cellwall? |
| A. | Gram-positive bacteria |
| B. | Gram-negative bacteria |
| C. | Fungi |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» C. Fungi | |
| 37. |
Which of the following structure(s) is /are external to cell wall? |
| A. | Flagella |
| B. | Stalks |
| C. | Sheath |
| D. | All of these |
| Answer» E. | |
| 38. |
The location where the bacterial chromosome concentrates is called |
| A. | nucleus |
| B. | nuclein |
| C. | nucleoid |
| D. | nucleose |
| Answer» D. nucleose | |
| 39. |
Which of the following is analogous to mesosomes of bacteria? |
| A. | Mitochondria of eukaryotes |
| B. | Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes |
| C. | Lysosomes of eukaryotes |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» B. Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes | |
| 40. |
Which of the following has Chinese letter arrangement? |
| A. | <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> |
| B. | <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> |
| C. | <i>Clostridium tetani</i> |
| D. | <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> |
| Answer» E. | |
| 41. |
The other name for peptidoglycan is |
| A. | mucopeptide |
| B. | murein |
| C. | both (a) & (b) |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» D. none of these | |
| 42. |
Cyanobacteria have |
| A. | a gram-positive cell wall |
| B. | a gram-negative cell wall |
| C. | Neither (a) nor (b) |
| D. | No cell wall |
| Answer» C. Neither (a) nor (b) | |
| 43. |
Which of the following bacteria lack a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin? |
| A. | Cyanobacteria |
| B. | Mycoplasmas |
| C. | Bdellovibrios |
| D. | Spirochetes |
| Answer» C. Bdellovibrios | |
| 44. |
A cluster of polar flagella is called |
| A. | lophotrichous |
| B. | amphitrichous |
| C. | monotrichous |
| D. | petritrichous |
| Answer» B. amphitrichous | |
| 45. |
Flagella move the cell by |
| A. | many flagella beating in a synchronous, whip-like motion |
| B. | an individual flagellum beating in a whip-like motion |
| C. | spinning like a propeller |
| D. | attaching to nearby particles and contracting |
| Answer» D. attaching to nearby particles and contracting | |
| 46. |
The protein from which hook and filaments of flagella are composed of, is |
| A. | keratin |
| B. | flagellin |
| C. | gelatin |
| D. | casein |
| Answer» C. gelatin | |
| 47. |
The cooci which mostly occur in single or pairs are |
| A. | Streptococci |
| B. | Diplococci |
| C. | Tetracocci |
| D. | None of these |
| Answer» C. Tetracocci | |
| 48. |
The cell wall of |
| A. | gram-positive bacteria are thicker than gram-negative bacteria |
| B. | gram-negative bacteria are thicker than gram-positive bacteria |
| C. | both have same thickness but composition is different |
| D. | none of these |
| Answer» B. gram-negative bacteria are thicker than gram-positive bacteria | |
| 49. |
In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are |
| A. | 70S |
| B. | 60S |
| C. | 80S |
| D. | Not specific |
| Answer» D. Not specific | |
| 50. |
The common word for bacteria which are spherical in shape is |
| A. | cocci |
| B. | bacilli |
| C. | spirilla |
| D. | pleomorphic |
| Answer» B. bacilli | |