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You observe that carbon dioxide sublimes. Which of the following statements about the signs of this process is/are true?
(I) Work (w) is positive.
(II) Heat (q) is negative.
(III) Change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) is positive.
(IV) Change in entropy (∆S) is positive.
1. II and III
2. I only
3. I and II
4. I, II and III
5. IV only
6. III and IV
You observe that carbon dioxide sublimes. Which of the following statements about the signs of this process is/are true?
(I) Work (w) is positive.
(II) Heat (q) is negative.
(III) Change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) is positive.
(IV) Change in entropy (∆S) is positive.
1. II and III
2. I only
3. I and II
4. I, II and III
5. IV only
6. III and IV
Correct option 5. IV only
Explanation:
Sublimation results in a significant increase in the volume of the system, allowing it to do work on its surroundings, i.e. the pressure-volume work function is negative. Sublimation is also an endothermic process, making heat positive. Since the process described ”happens” as a given in the problem, the change in free energy must be negative. Change in entropy must be positive since a solid is becoming a gas.