* landmark in the history of civil rights movements in the united states* 1968 , Olympics held in mexico , participation of American athletes * tommie smith & john carlos—- afro American won gold & bronze medals* received medals with clenched fists , black socks, no shoes , to represent black poverty* tride to draw international attention to racial discrimination in US * black shoes & clenched fists symbolise black power * silver medalist , white Australian athlete , peter norman wore a human rights badge during the ceremony to support two Americans * the international Olympic association took back their medals for violating Olympic spirit by making a political statement* norman too suffered , was not allowed to play in next Olympics * their action succeeded in gaining international attention for the civil rights movement in US * san jose university honoured them & installed their statue in university campus * when norman died , smith & carios were pallbearers at his funeral (2006)….