Tyloses are outgrowths of parenchyma cells growing into the adjoining xylem vessels clogging them progressively so that the sap wood gets transformed into heart wood. The most common reason for their formation is:
(a) drought or lack of sap flowing through xylem.
(b) accumulation of excessive storage material in cells of rays,
(c) synthesis of alkaloid that modulate growth of parenchymal cells.
(d) deprivation of nutrition to cells of rays.
(a) drought or lack of sap flowing through xylem.