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During the first half of the 19th century there was an enormous increase in population requring of lakhs of jobs . Due to this unemployment increased. The job seekers or unemployed people migreated from village to cities and lived in overcrowded slums. Small producers faced stiff competition from import of goods from England. The peasants struggled under the burden of fedual dues and obligations. The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvests led to widespread poverty.