It may have been fitting that Russian President Vladimir Putin gifted a football to his American counterpart Donald Trump as they held their summit in Helsinki earlier this week. ____________________. Propaganda and psychological operations have been part of the artillery of warring nations forever. But technological enhancers like social media platforms and military-grade hacking have taken such machinations to another plane, with artificial intelligence poised to add another dimension to it. After all, how many countries would launch an actual conventional war over a cyber conflict that doesn’t occupy real territory but encroaches upon mind-space? That immunity breeds a sort of impunity.____________________.

This is the problem that democracies face since they cannot build their own versions of the Great Firewall to prevent such incursions, or shut down foreign platforms, or virtual private networks./ And, copying the Russian playbook, it is undertaking political in Cambodia, and other obvious targets like Taiwan and Tibetan activists.

Trump, of course, scored the perfect own goal. / It isn’t just Russia alone, even China has repeatedly hacked America, as during the theft of nearly 21.5 million records of personnel between 2014 and 2015, to the recent stealing of naval data.

This is where the United States needs to step up. Instead, Trump has dumped the country’s cyber-security czar. /At the United Nations, for instance, as the Council on Foreign Relations noted last year, the group of government experts that attempted to draft global norms including, holding a nation responsible for attacks that originated from its territory, was appreciated.

It may have been fitting that Russian President Vladimir Putin gifted

1.	It may have been fitting that Russian President Vladimir Putin gifted a football to his American counterpart Donald Trump as they held their summit in Helsinki earlier this week. ____________________. Propaganda and psychological operations have been part of the artillery of warring nations forever. But technological enhancers like social media platforms and military-grade hacking have taken such machinations to another plane, with artificial intelligence poised to add another dimension to it. After all, how many countries would launch an actual conventional war over a cyber conflict that doesn’t occupy real territory but encroaches upon mind-space? That immunity breeds a sort of impunity.____________________.
A.	Trump, of course, scored the perfect own goal. / It isn’t just Russia alone, even China has repeatedly hacked America, as during the theft of nearly 21.5 million records of personnel between 2014 and 2015, to the recent stealing of naval data.
B.	This is the problem that democracies face since they cannot build their own versions of the Great Firewall to prevent such incursions, or shut down foreign platforms, or virtual private networks./ And, copying the Russian playbook, it is undertaking political in Cambodia, and other obvious targets like Taiwan and Tibetan activists.
C.	This is where the United States needs to step up. Instead, Trump has dumped the country’s cyber-security czar. /At the United Nations, for instance, as the Council on Foreign Relations noted last year, the group of government experts that attempted to draft global norms including, holding a nation responsible for attacks that originated from its territory, was appreciated.
D.	Both A and C.
E.	None of the above
Answer» B. This is the problem that democracies face since they cannot build their own versions of the Great Firewall to prevent such incursions, or shut down foreign platforms, or virtual private networks./ And, copying the Russian playbook, it is undertaking political in Cambodia, and other obvious targets like Taiwan and Tibetan activists.

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