Caste and Race (i) Herbert Risley thought humans can be divided into separate races on the basis of physical characteristics (length of nose, size of skull etc.) (ii) He believed India was a \’Lab\’ for studying evolution of racial types because inter-caste marriage is prohibited. (iii) He argued caste originated in race because different caste groups seemed to belong to distinct racial types. (iv) He suggested that lower castes were original inhabitants and subjugated by Aryans. (v) Ghurye believed Risley\’s theory was true only for north India. In other parts of India, inter-group differences were not very large. (vi) Thus \’racial purity\’ was preserved only in north India and in rest of the country, endogamy was introduced into already racially varied groups.